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A   SrXOPSIS   OF  HISTORY. 


GENEEAL    ITISTOIiY, 


I'KOM  r..C.  m)    TO  A.  1>.   ISTG, 


OUTUXED   IN 


DlACliAMS    AND    TAiJLES; 


INDEX  AND   GEXEALOUiES. 


GENEiiAL  i;i;ri:i;i:Nci:,  and  i"ou  sciiuuls  and  colleui-s. 


BY 


fcAMULL    WILLAUI),    A.  Al.,    M.  D., 

i'Kot°e&H>u  OK  ui»tui:y  ix  ciiu  aou  iuuu-m.'Uoul, 


JJ 


(UNIVERSITY 
NEW  ^i^vct^:}^^^^Z^£^ 

A  I'  I-  1,  K  T  U  .\     A  .N  I)    (,' 7?M  PA  N  Y, 

M9   &    A&l    BKUADWAY 

1878. 


^-^ 


COPYRIGHT    BY 
SAMUEL    WILLAUD, 


18'7'7. 


I'   i;    !•:    !-'  A  ('   !• 


This  little  work  1;^  ii'>t  tlie  result  of  :i  i>iii|h>si'  to  write  a  lionk,  Init  is  a  sjrowtli 
from  the  author's  exporiciice  tirst  as  u  stuilent  and  next  as  a  teacher.  lie  used 
the  inethiMl  in  his  own  readinp;  long  before  he  eontrivnl  ti>  >imi>lify  it  and  make 
it  pnictieal  for  his  pupils. 

Every  reader  of  history  finds  it  ditheult  to  hring  l)eft)re  his  mind  the  parallel 
currents  of  events  in  different  eountries,  so  as  to  conneet  those  occurring  in  the 
same  periinl.  History  seems  not  a  wch,  but  long,  parallel  threads  of  warp, 
without  the  cross-threads  of  wonf.  Histories  of  countries  are  read  separately, 
and  remain  separate  in  the  mind  at  last.  It  is  desirable,  then,  to  study  history 
by  jH?riixls,  as  well  as  in  national  lines;  and,  on  the  whole,  no  other  periods 
prove  so  convenient  as  the  centuries  liy  which  we  reckon ;  for,  if  wc  choose 
periods  by  the  history  of  any  one  people,  we  shall  not  find  them  coincident  pre- 
cisely with  j)roper  periods  of  the  histoiy  of  the  other  contemporary  nations ;  and, 
for  case  of  remembnince,  the  centurial  periods  have  special  and  manifest  advan- 
tages. 

The  use  of  diagrams  or  charts  to  present  the  contemporaneousness  of  events 
is  a  well-known  and  long-used  device ;  and  different  forms  have  various  excel- 
lences and  defects.  The  j)rescnt  work  follows  mainly  a  plan  common  enough 
since  Dr.  Priestley's  <l.ay  at  least ;  and  its  author  claims  only  to  have  jnade  an 
appropriate  selection  of  the  most  important  evetits  of  each  centur}'  from  SnO 
u.  e.  to  the  present  time,  and  especially  to  liave  devised  a  simj^le,  expeditious, 
and  convenient  method  of  making  and  using  such  diagrams  or  charts  in  the 
study  of  history.  All  other  modes  of  making  them,  that  he  has  ever  seen,  are 
Unt  dittioidt,  complicated,  or  arbitrary,  for  practical  use  by  pu]>ils  or  common 
rejidei-s;  from  years  of  exjx>ri"iici'  hi-  knows  these  to  lie  readily  understood  and 

easilv  drawn  bv  his  cla.s8cs. 

3 


PREFACE. 

In  the  selection  of  events  it  has  seemed  best  to  choose  so  many  as  to  sug- 
gest the  points  most  notable  and  worthy  to  be  studied,  and  yet  so  few  that  one 
may  hope  to  remember  something  of  each.  For  the  most  part,  those  have  been 
chosen  which  bear  close  relation  to  the  great  movements  of  history ;  and  often 
a  small  matter  may  have  great  conseciuences.  Thus,  on  the  first  chart  are  the 
words  "Gyges  attacks  Ionian  cities;"  this  incident  leads  on  to  the  great  Greek 
and  Persian  War,  and  is  the  eai'liest  link  that  can  be  dated  in  the  chain  of 
causes.  The  death  of  a  woman,  noted  5i  b.  c,  helps  to  bring  on  a  great  civil 
war. 

The  dates  of  ancient  history  have  been  carefully  taken  from  Prof.  Kawlin- 
son's  "  Manual  of  Ancient  History,"  which  attempts  to  correct  the  errors  of  the 
Roman  calendar,  and  hence  differs  from  most  Koman  liistories  in  dates  prior  to 
280.  For  instance,  the  battle  of  the  Allia  is  generally  dated  390  b.  c.  ;  Momm- 
sen  so  dates  it,  but  says  in  a  note  that  the  true  date  is  388  b.  c,  which  date  is 
here  used.  If  in  modern  history  dates  occur  in  these  charts  differing  from 
current  ones,  the  author  is  sure  he  will  be  always  justified  by  competent  author- 
ity ;  to  take  a  notable  instance,  the  death  of  Egbert  is  genei'ally  dated  836  ;  this 
work  follows  Mr.  Freeman  in  dating  it  838. 

For  explanations  of  the  diagrams,  and  for  special  modes  of  use  of  them  in 
reading,  studying,  and  teaching  history,  the  reader  is  referred  to  the  pages  imme- 
diately following.  It  is  hoped  that  these  tables,  with  their  notes,  the  genealogi- 
cal tal)les,  all  of  which  have  been  drawn  for  this  work,  and  the  index,  will  prove 
useful  as  a  text-book  for  studeuts,  and  as  a  manual  of  reference  for  general 
readers. 


E  X  I'  LANAT  I  O  N  S. 


1.  On  each  pago,  or,  after  1200  a.  p.,  on  oacli  pair  of  opposite  papes,  is  a  ilii<jnim 
of  a  century's  history.  Each  ])ajre  is  ilividod  by  lines  from  top  to  bottom,  which 
mark  off  successive  periods  of  four  years  each.  Kach  line  (not  space)  is  dated  at 
the  top.  Events  arc  entered  on  tliis  principle:  every  event  /iapj>eiiiiiff  in  a  year 
represented  by  a  line  is  noted  on  that  line  ;  events  of  other  years  are  noted  at  pro- 
portionate di.'tt'lnrts  from  the  lints.  This  is  a  fundamental  characteristic,  never 
departed  from,  and  adhered  to  as  closely  as  possible  in  all  the  diagrams  or  charts. 

Ilonce,  relations  of  time  arc  shown  as  accurately  as  those  of  S|>acc  on  a  map. 
Successive  events  are  shown  in  succession  from  left  to  right  ;  those  of  the  same  date 
are  on  the  same  line,  from  top  to  bottom,  of  the  diagram  or  chart.  As  far  as  con- 
venient, events  relating  to  anyone  country  are  grouped  in  the  same  lino  or  adjacent 
lines  ;  but  events  affecting  several  countries  arc  entered  but  once. 

Illvstbatioxs. — In  tbo  chart  of  Ccntary  III.  n.  c.,  the  line  dateJ  220  has  noted  on  it  the 
event  "  IIannib.il  takes  command  "  of  the  armies  of  Cartiiogc ;  the  next  line  to  tlio  ri;;lif,  2111, 
has  noted  on  it  the  battle  of  fanuie;  tbo  events  of  219,  218,  and  217,  arc  nott'd  at  equal  dis- 
tanres  In  tbe  intervening  spare;  21S  is  in  the  middle  of  the  si)aoo;  21U  is  near  the  line  of  220; 
and  217  is  near  the  line  of  210. 

.\s  to  contcmporaneoas  events:  on  the  line  184-S  in  tbe  last  diagram,  or  chart  of  Century 
XIX.,  are  found  the  deposition  of  Lonis  Philippe;  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Ferdinand  of  Aus- 
tria ;  tlie  accession  of  Francis  Josepli ;  the  beginnini;  of  tbe  Danisli  War  of  Soblcsvvig-IIuIstein ; 
tbo  Third  French  Rovolution ;  the  Hungarian,  German,  Italian,  and  Irisli  Revolts;  the  Chartist 
movement;  and  tbo  end  of  tbe  Mexican  AVar. 

As  to  grouping,  «■<•  Centuries  XVII.  and  XVIII.,  wherein,  under  tbo  lines  of  kings,  the 
events  prineipally  affecting  France  come  first;  next  those  touching  Germany;  then  those 
tou.-hing  England ;  then  those  of  other  European  powers,  and  of  tbe  Turks  and  Asiatics  ; 
and  lastly  thoso  relating  to  the  New  World.  This  order  of  grouping  is  followed  as  tar  as 
possible. 

2.  An  event  is  noted  by  a  di>t  with  figures  before  or  after  it.  Sometimes  a  short 
vertical  line  is  used  for  two  or  more  dots  of  the  same  date.  A  line  denotes  a  con- 
tinuous event,  as  a  war,  or  a  reigii  ;  figures  at  begiiniing  and  end  denote  its  term  or 
time  of  continuance.  When  a  continuous  evi-nt  runs  on  from  one  centurv  into  the 
next,  the  right-hand  sido-.spaee  hn.s  a  date  to  .show  how  far  it  goes  on  into  the  next 

a 


GENERAL  HISTORY. 

century  ;  and,  correspondingly,  a  date  in  the  left-hand  side-space  shows  when  in  the 
preceding  century  a  reign  or  other  continuous  event  began. 

Illustrations. — Tiie  short  vertical  line  see  in  1609  and  1848.  The  lines  for  eontinnoiis 
events  are  in  every  chart.  [Sometimes  such  an  event  is  not  shown  in  both  centuries:  thus,  in 
Century  VII.,  the  reign  of  Chosroes  II..  of  Persia,  is  shown  to  have  begun  in  .590 ;  but  the  iirist 
part  of  his  reign  being  unimportant,  it  is  not  shown  on  the  chart  of  Century  VI.  To  save 
space,  a  single  dot  or  sign  with  its  figures  is  used  for  two  events ;  thus  in  322  b.  c,  one  dot  and 
date  stand  for  the  deaths  of  Demosthenes  and  Aristotle ;  often  the  same  figures  denote  the 
end  of  a  war,  and  the  date  of  the  peace  or  other  result  of  the  war,  as  in  1435,  1552,  1559, 1G48, 
and  IGGO. 

3.  lines  of  monarchs  arc  represented  by  lines  for  the  reigns,  joined  by  vertical 
lines,  with  no  lireaks  except  for  interregnums  or  changes  of  dynasty.  Few  lines  arc 
represented  fully  except  those  of  Persia,  Rome,  France,  Germany,  England,  and 
Prussia;  but,  after  800,  the  uppermost  line  is  always  France  ;  the  next,  Germany  ; 
and  the  third,  England.  Partners  or  rivals  in  government  are  shown  by  separate 
parallel  lines  for  each,  or  b\'  names  joined  by  and ;  successive  rulers  coming  to 
power  in  the  same  year  are  shown  by  one  name  under  another. 

Illustratioxs. — Co-rulers  see  in  Century  VI.  n.  c,  Ilippias  and  Ilipparchns ;  in  Century 
II.,  ilarcus  Aurelius  and  Verns,  co-eraperors;  Diocletian  and  three  others  at  the  close  of 
Century  III.  Use  of  and  for  co-rulers  see  in  Century  III.,  Gallus,  Volusian,  and  Ilostilian. 
Rivals,  see  in  Century  XIII.,  Philip  and  Otbo  IV. ;  WiUiam  of  Holland,  riv.al  to  Frederick  III. 
and  Conrad  IV. ;  Alfonso  and  Richard.  Successive  rulers,  see  in  Century  I. ;  Otho  succeeds 
Galba  in  09  ;  he  is  succeeded  in  the  same  year  by  Vitellius,  and  he  by  Vespasian,  whose  reign 
extends  into  the  following  years.  So  in  Century  III.,  Maximin's  reign  ends  in  238;  Gordian 
I.  and  Gordian  II.  follow  in  succession;  then  Pupienus  Masimus  and  Balbinus,  co-rulers,  fol- 
low in  tlie  same  year;  when  they  are  slain,  Gordian  III.  fills  out  the  year  and  reigns  to  244. 

4.  An  oblique  cross  X ,  as  often  on  maps,  denotes  a  land-bcUtle ;  two  crosses 
mean  battlea  on  land  ;  a  square,  D,  representing  a  sail,  stands  for  a  nav(d  bottle. 

The  algebraic  sign,  >,  means  defeats  ;  or,  if  but  one  party  is  named,  it  means 
wins  the  battle  ;  the  reverse  sign,  <,  means  is  defeated,  or  loses  the  battle  ;  the  sign 
opens  toward  the  victorious  party  and  points  to  the  losing  one. 

Illustrations.— In  Century  XIX.,  1805-'6-'7  show  the  battle  of  Austerlitz,  France  defeats 
Austria ;  the  naval  battle  of  Tr.afalgar,  England  defeats  France ;  and  the  indecisive  battles  of 
Eyhui  and  Friedland,  between  France  and  Russia.  In  Century  XV.,  in  the  Wars  of  the  Roses, 
the  fortunes  of  the  House  of  Lancaster  are  shown ;  "  L.  >  "  means  that  the  Lancastrians  win  ; 
but  "L.  <  "  means  that  the  Lancastrians  lose. 

5.  The  sign  vs.  (that  is,  versus)  means  against  ;  the  Greek  D,  a  triangle,  ^, 
means  died ;  the  interrogation-point,  ?,  before  or  after  a  date,  an  age,  or  a  state- 
ment, denotes  doubt  or  uncertainty  ;  the  time  or  age  is  uncertain,  or  it  is  doubtful 
whether  the  statement,  though  current,  is  true.  A  number  inclosed  in  parentheses 
after  a  name  always  denotes  the  age  of  the  person  at  death. 

Illustrations.— In  Century  I.  b.  c.,  at  dates  53,  44,  and  42,  it  is  shown  th.at  the  ages  of 
Crassus,  C;csar,  and  Brutus,  were  Gl,  50,  and  43.  On  the  same  chart,  at  the  bottom,  it  ajipcars 
that  neither  the  exact  date  of  the  de.ath  of  Catullus  nor  his  precise  age  is  known  ;  and  the  age 
of  Lcpidus  is  not  to  be  given  even  approximately.  In  Century  VII.,  date  640,  we  find  "Alex- 
andria taken ;  lihrary  burnt  (?)."  This  indicates  that  the  story  of  the  burning  of  the  library 
is  a  doubtful  one. 

6 


EXI'LANATIONS. 

6.  Tho  sign  @  s'l'^iMva  altoiit ;  the  si;;;ii  of  i'((u;ility,  =,  iiieiins  t/ic  sunu  k.v,  or 
eijiiioaltnt  to  /  the  sii^ii  |ilus,  +i  iii«-'ii"s  iiml  tifUnFitnl,  or  in  J'oUuirliuj  ymrs  ;  ilu- 
u'ul>rt!viatioii  U<'.  is  used  to  iiiouu  tiiid  othi  rs.  In  closo  or  iTowilrd  passaf^i-s  the 
brackets,  [  J,  are  iiseii  to  separate  items  tliat  iiiiirl't  otlierwist-  lie  taken  tof^etlier  ; 
soiiiotiiiies  tliey  join  uii  item  in  two  or  more  parts  or  lines.  Vot  Jlourishcd,  II.  ;  lor 
fouiuhil,  f. 

iLLiSTHATiKNts, — For  tlio  sifill  <<*)  »fe  ilatcs  7iJ0  ii.  e.,  lOuo,  aiij  IMOU  a.  l>. ;  the  hi;*!!  of  LM|iial- 
ity  is  scon  twico  in  Century  VIII.,  to  show  that  "  Karl  the  liroat "  is  i'i|iiivalent  to  "  t'liarle- 
iiiutriu,"  and  "Abu  Jaafcr"  Is  tlio  saiiio  as  "  .\linansor."  So  in  Century  XIX.,  ilat.'  ISiii;,  it  U 
niiMnt  that  the  hat  tie  of  Kiuiijrfirat/.  is  sonictinies  culled  .'^adown.  In  Century  111.  lIu  ilale 
2liu+  .shows  that  the  rise  of  the  usurpers  and  the  weakne.ss  ofCallienus  began  in  iJtiU  and  went 
on  for  some  years. 

7.  Important  names,  dates,  ami  suLTirestive  wonls,  are  printed  in  hohl-faced  type  ; 
every  studi'iit  of  history  will  lind  it  de.sirahio  to  commit  tlie.se  dates  to  nu'mnry,  and 
to  nnike  iiiniself  s|>ecially  ae(|uainted  with  the  persons  and  events  so  desi^TMatecj. 
The  running  titles  siijjgest  the  most  impoitunt  mutters  of  each  century  still  more 
hriellv. 


((U27rTrr.T;..^)s 


MODES    OF    USING    THESE    CHARTS, 

FOR  INSTRUCTION   OR  STUDY. 


To  obtain  the  greatest  benefit  from  any  chart,  table,  or  diagram,  it  should  be 
examined  until  its  plan  is  comprehended,  and  then  it  should  be  copied.  The  act  of 
writing  it  serves  to  fix  the  substance  and  the  words  in  mind  ;  and  if  the  location  of 
the  several  parts  of  the  diagram  is  significant,  the  memory  of  place,  conveniently 
called  the  faculty  of  locality,  comes  in  to  aid  the  recollection ;  and  for  many  per- 
sons this  is  the  best  aid  to  the  memory. 

The  writer  of  this  work  makes  his  pupils  copy  the  charts  carefully,  seeing  tliat 
they  do  it  neatly  and  accurately  ;  and,  lacking  printed  copies,  he  has  written  these 
diagrams  upon  the  blackboard,  commenting  upon  the  events  while  so  doing.  All 
good  teaching  of  history  requires  that  the  teacher  shall  furnish  explanations,  illus- 
trations, statements  of  causes  and  effects,  details,  and  anecdotes,  to  enlighten  and 
vivify  the  subject.  When  the  diagram  of  a  century  is  completed,  it  is  made  the 
special  subject  of  study  in  connection  with  the  text-book,  or  with  the  oral  lessons 
of  the  teacher  and  with  reading.  By  writing  the  chart  first,  the  pupil  has  already 
acquired  a  general  knowledge  of  the  history  of  the  century,  and  has  retained  in 
mind  many  of  the  facts  and  much  of  the  chronological  order  of  events. 

This  copyiny  is  of  the  utmost  importance,  even  if  the  pupil  relies  upon  his 
printed  copy  as  his  permanent  resource  ;  he  will  remember  the  event  because  he  has 
written  it  and  associated  it  with  a  certain  part  of  his  page  ;  and  with  it  he  will 
remember  much  else  that  he  has  learned  of  it. 

The  chart  is  an  abstract  of  the  history  of  the  century,  and  is  most  convenient  in 
reviewing  as  well  as  in  the  original  study  of  the  period.  The  writer  often  marks  ofE 
on  the  blackboard  spaces  of  one  hundred  inches  for  centuries,  dividing  each  again 
into  five  parts  by  vertical  lines  ;  he  then  sends  one  or  two  pupils  to  each  century- 
space,  telling  some  to  write  events  in  their  proper  place,  and  others  to  write  the 
names  of  persons  in  that  part  of  the  century  to  which  their  career  belongs  ;  thus 
the  chart  is  substantially  reproduced.  But  the  pupils  should  not  be  required  to 
remember  the  dates.  The  efl'ort  necessary  to  remember  precise  dates  is  painful  to 
most,  impossible  to  many;  and  it  is  better  to  expend  the  intellectual  and  mnemonic 
power  in  comprehending  the  events  and  their  succession  than  ia  fixing  the  numbers 

S 


MODES  OF  USING  THE  CllAUlS. 

Ill    mind.     A  few  dates,  especially  those  given   in   bold-faced  type   on  the  eimrts, 
should  be  remembered. 

If  the  teacher  thinks  that  ton  many  events  or  unimportant  ones  are  on  the  i-iiarC, 
let  him  order  the  omission  of  some  of  them  ;  and,  conversely,  he  may  direct  tiio 
addition  of  others  ;  but  the  danger  is,  that  too  niuoh  will  be  attempted  rather  than 
too  little. 

The  history  of  each  country  may  be  taken  separately,  or  the  entire  chart  of  a 
centurv  may  be  copied  at  once.  The  author's  experience  leads  him  to  prefer  the 
latter  method.  Tlius,  in  the  fifth  century  before  Christ,  the  pupils  write  the  events 
of  lioman  history,  while  tiioy  are  studying  Greek  history,  though  but  little  is  said 
of  Honuin  affairs.  In  tliis  way  events  belonging  to  two  or  more  countries  arc 
entered  but  once,  and  are  considered  in  turn  in  the  separate  history  of  each  eoun- 
trv.  In  the  middle  ages,  history  can  hardly  be  studied  by  countries  at  all  ;  wo- must 
consider  the  period  of  Justinian,  of  Charles  Martel,  of  Charlemagne. 

The  author  is  asked,  '*Why  not  use  inks  of  ditlerent  colors  for  different  coun- 
tries?" Because  it  is  too  much  trouble,  and  complicates  the  work;  because  our 
assortment  of  inks  (black,  blue,  red,  and  violet)  is  too  small  for  the  number  of  coun- 
tries ;  and  because  it  is  dillieult  to  represent  the  joining  of  nations  in  one  event. 
How  can  we  conveniently  use  different  colors  to  record  the  battle  of  Bouviiu's, 
.\.  i>.  1214,  involving  four  powers?  or  the  War  of  the  Austrian  Succession,  involving 
seven  powers  ? 

Again,  "  Why  not  have  the  space  between  lines  represent  five  ^-ears  instead  of 
four?"  IJecause  the  jiupil  can  easier  divide  the  space  into  fourths  than  into  fifths  ; 
and  again,  if  a  sheet  of  cap-paper  be  used  as  hereinafter  directed,  the  chart  will  be 
nnide  too  short  from  left  to  right,  if  live-year  spaces  be  used. 

P.vPKR  Fou  THE  Cn.vuTs. — For  some  of  the  autiior's  pupils,  stationers  have  prc- 
|)ared  paper  on  which  to  write  the  charts,  with  lines  ruled  in  each  direction,  so  that 
the  pages  are  about  ten  by  thirteen  inches  in  dimension,  or  the  size  of  a  common 
school-atlas,  this  having  been  found  the  most  convenient  size,  litil  spccinffi/-!  n/nl 
fHi/>er  ia  not  necessary  ;  and  herein  arc  a  special  convenience,  economy,  ami  practi- 
calness of  this  method  of  making  charts.  (~)rdinary  foolscap-]iaper  with  the  connnon 
ruling  of  twenty-six  spaces  in  ten  inches  will  do  very  well,  in  half-sheets  for  most 
centuries,  or  in  whole  sheets  for  the  fullest  centuries. 

Turn  the  half-sheet  so  that  the  long  edge  may  be  the  top  of  the  chart  ;  then  the 
blue  lines  will  represent  the  dated  lines  of  these  printed  charts  ;  and  twenty-five 
spaces  (i\ot  Hues),  as  nearly  central  on  the  sheet  as  possible,  with  two  more  for  the 
marginal  spaces  of  the  chart,  may  be  taken  to  be  used  like  the  corresponding  spaces 
on  these  printed  charts.  The  side-lines  having  been  ruled,  head-lines  should  be 
drawn  between  them  near  the  edge  of  the  paper,  so  as  to  give  places  for  the  title- 
lines  and  for  the  figures  to  date  the  blue  lines  which  run  from  top  to  bottom.  The 
sheet  will  now  be  like  what  these  |)rinted  and  ndi'd  charts  would  bo  if  (ho  words  and 
figun-s  were  omitted.  The  sheet  so  prepared  lacks  the  ordinary  lines  upon  which  to 
write;  but  these  may  bo  lightly  put  in  with  a  pencil  and  afterward  erased.  Now- 
put  in  dates  at  the  top,  dating  the  lines  and  not  the  intervening  spaces  ;  it  will  gen- 
erally b«  b(>st,  exce[)t  at  the  iH'ginning  and  end  and  f)nee  in  twontv  years,  to  put  in 
only  two  figures  to  .late  the  lines,  tiius  :  IKOO.  '4,  '8,  'Vi,  'IC,  IS-JO,  '-24,  '28,  etc.,  in- 
stead of  writing  out  the  full  numbers  1804,  1808,  1812,  etc. 
I  9 


GENERAL   HISTORY. 

Never  put  more  than  one  century  on  a  page ;  and,  if  you  use  common  cap-paper, 
write  on  but  one  side  of  the  jjaper. 

Special  Suggestions  to  Readeks  and  Students. — Persons  wlio  use  this 
work  as  a  book  of  reference  and  as  a  help  in  reading  history  will  find  themselves 
much  aided  in  their  studies  if  they  will  prepare  sheets  of  paper  as  above  said,  and 
will  make  abstracts  of  events  as  they  read,  following  the  method  of  these  charts. 
The  selection  of  events  for  these  abstracts  will  both  test  and  aid  their  judgment  and 
knowledge,  and  will  help  their  memories  as  well.  Besides  the  evidence  of  his  own 
personal  use  of  the  plan,  the  author  has  always  found  that  his  best  pupils  take  most 
pleasure  and  interest  in  making  their  charts  ;  or  else  it  is  true  that  their  interest  and 
work  make  theui  the  best  learners. 


Til  !•:    MOST    IM  I'OKTANT    HATKS. 


TllK  Ifarninir  of  many  datos  is  very  rppiipr'innt  to  most  puj>ils,  ami  raiisos  tluMii 
to  (lisliki-  tlio  stiiilv  of  histiiry.  It  is  a  usi'li'ss  oruolly  ti>  insist  upon  more  lliun  four 
or  five  to  a  century  in  general  history  ;  aiul  a  pupil  may  be  really  very  intelliffent  in 
liistorv  who  has  not  tried  to  learn  a  hundred  dates  in  the  twenty-seven  centuries 
herein  [iresented.  Rv  selection  of  "pivotal  events"  or  "  landmarks,"  the  jjeneral 
course  of  history  can  bo  located  in  the  centuries  with  sulVieient  accuracy  for  a  gen- 
eral understanding  of  it,  taking  sometimes  a  singl<>  date  in  a  century,  sometimes 
even  six  or  eight,  it  mav  be;  and  more  than  a  sufhcient  accuracy  should  not  be  posi- 
tively required  ;  for  the  available  intellectual  power  of  reader  or  pupil  may  be  bet- 
ter spent  in  acipuring  an  intimate  knowlcilge  of  facts,  and  their  causes  and  effects, 
of  persons  and  institutions,  and  of  geography,  than  in  committing  to  memory  lists 
of  kings  and  columns  of  dates. 

The  following  paragraphs  give  the  dates  printed  in  bold-face  ty]>e  in  the  charts, 
with  reasons  for  their  value  where  it  may  be  desirable  ;  and  a  few  not  so  printed  are 
added  : 

C'Kxrriiv  \'III.,  n.  r.  TTti,  Era  of  Olympiads,  when  the  Olympic  games  began 
to  be  held  regidarly  once  in  four  years;  and  this  was  the  only  era  or  point  of  reck- 
oning nseil  throughout  all  Greece.  TTC  is  also  the  earliest  jiositive  date  of  Greek 
history.  (To  remember  it,  associate  it  with  ITT'i,  date  of  American  independence.) 
753  (April  21),  the  assumed  date  of  the  founding  of  Rome,  acconling  to  Varro  ;  the 
Romans  reckoned  from  this  date,  designating  the  year  by  the  letters  "A.  I  .  C." 

Centi-uv  VII.,  n.r.  I'i2."),  Knd  of  .Vssyria  ;  Nineveh  destroyed;  .Media  and 
Babylonia  iliviilo  her  territory.  This  marks  the  fall  of  a  very  ancient  power  and 
tiie  rise  of  its  immediate  successors.  Next  in  importance  is  CGO,  Height  of  As.syrian 
Power. 

C'e.ntvky  VI.,  B.  r.  .')n4  to  5T0,  Solon's  I^^gislafion,  by  which,  and  from  the 
time  of  which,  Athens  grows  in  liberty,  power,  and  imjwirtanee.  510,  Expulsion  of 
liippias,  and  the  Roman  Regifiige,  which  latter  may  have  been  a  little  later.  By 
the  expulsion  <>(  liippias,  .\fhens  enters  on  her  career  of  drmof  ratie  fn-i'iloni.  By 
the  Regifugt!  or  expulsion  of  the  kings,  the  aristocratic  republic  of  Rome  is  founded. 
501,  the  Ionic  Revolt  begins  ;  this  revolt  of  the  Ionic  cities  against   Persia  is  really 

11 


GENERAL   HISTORY. 

tiic  bcc;inning  of  the  great  struggle  of  Greece  with  Persia.     Inferior  dates  are  558, 
Persia  founded  by  Cyrus ;  525,  Persia  conquers  Egypt. 

Century  V.,  b.  c.  490,  the  Battle  of  Marathon.  This  is  the  first  decisive  bat- 
tle of  European  history  ;  it  decided  that  the  Greeks  would,  and  successfully  could, 
resist  Persia.  480,  Battles  of  Thermopylie  and  Salamis.  450,  Height  of  Athenian 
Power.  431  to  404,  the  Great  Peloponnesian  Wa,r,  and  Fall  of  Athens  ;  the 
deadly  struggle  of  Athens  and  Sparta,  in  which  Athens  was  subjected  and  taken. 
401,  Anabasis  of  Cyrus  ;  this  provoked  the  following  Spartan-Persian  War,  and 
showed  the  possibility  of  the  conquest  of  Persia,  which  took  place  seventy  years 
later. 

Century  IV.,  b.  c.  400,  Height  of  Spartan  Power.  387,  Peace  of  Antalcidas  ; 
and  the  Gauls  take  Rome.  The  Peace  of  Antalcidas  marks  the  humiliation  of 
Sparta,  the  power  of  Persia  exercised  in  Greek  affairs,  and  the  ignominious  sur- 
render of  the  Asiatic  coast  to  her.  The  Gauls  took  Rome  in  February  of  that  year; 
the  Romans  related  a  fiction  of  a  rescue  by  Camillus  ;  and  the  battle  of  Allia  is  gen- 
erally erroneously  dated  390  b.  c,  and  this  cajiture  or  rescue  in  389.  303,  Battle  of 
Mantineia  ;  Epaminondas  dies  ;  this  is  the  end  of  the  brief  period  of  Theban  great- 
ness. Connect  with  this  the  Licinian  Legislation  at  Rome  ;  for  the  First  Plebeian 
Consul,  elected  in  363,  was  in  the  last  month  of  his  office,  June,  302,  when  the  bat- 
tle was  fought.  The  Licinian  Legislation  was  as  important  in  Roman  politics  as  the 
results  of  the  Secession  War  in  American  history. 

333,  Battle  of  Issus  (notice  three  3's  in  the  date  and  three  s's  in  Issus),  Alexan- 
der's first  great  battle  with  Persia.  301,  Battle  of  Ipsus,  which  settles  the  division 
of  Alexander's  great  kingdom  :  Cassander  has  Greece  and  Macedon  ;  Lysimachus 
gets  Thrace  with  Northern  and  Western  Asia  Minor  ;  Seleucus  gets  Southeast  Asia 
Minor,  Syria,  and  the  East,  to  the  Indus  ;  Ptolemy  holds  Egypt  and  Libya.  300, 
the  Ogulnian  Law  opens  the  offices  of  Pontiff  and  Augur  to  the  plebeians,  and  ends, 
in  effect,  the  long  struggle  of  the  two  Orders. 

Century  HI.,  b.  c.  204,  Beginning  of  First  Punic  War  ;  201,  End  of  Second 
Punic  War.  It  may  easily  be  remembered  that  in  the  year  before  the  First  Punic 
War,  265,  Rome  is  Mistress  of  Peninsular  Italj-  ;  having  all  of  Italy,  she  grapples  a 
foe  outside  of  it.  Of  notable  importance  is  280,  Rise  of  the  Achaean  and  yEtolian 
Leagues. 

Century  II.,  b.  c.  14G,  Destruction  of  Carthage  and  of  Corinth  ;  end  of  the 
Third  Punic  War,  and  conquest  of  Greece,  ended  by  the  fall  of  the  Achwan  League. 
133,  Tiberius  Gracchus  slain  :  a  rapid  degradation  of  Roman  politics  follows  this 
election  riot  and  partisan  murder.  101,  End  of  the  Great  Cimbrian  War,  which  was 
regarded  by  Rome  as  a  danger  almost  eriual  to  the  Second  Punic  War. 
'  (Notice  the  series  of  similar  dates  :  501,  401,  301,  201,  101.) 

Century  I.,  B.  c.  100,  Julius  Cajsar  born.  44,  C»sar  assassinatpd.  31,  Battle 
of  Actium,  which  threw  all  power  into  the  hands  of  Octavian  (Augustus),  and  firmly 
established  the  empire  which  Julius  had  begun.  48,  Battle  of  Pharsalia,  is  hardly 
less  important,  which  overthrew  the  senatorial  party  and  Pompey,  and  gave  Julius 
Cnasar  supremacy.  4,  Birth  of  Jesus  Christ.  This  is  the  commonly-received  date  ; 
the  monk  (Dionysius  Exiguus,  527  A.  n.),  who  introduced  the  use  of  the  Christian 
Era,  supposed  Christ  to  have  been  born  December  25th,  in  the  year  1,  B.  c,  that  is, 
just  a  week  before  the  first  New-Year's-day  of  the  new  era.     There  is  not  agreement 

12 


Tire  MOST   IMPOUTANT  KATES. 

among  scholars  as  to  tlio  precise  time  of  Christ's  birth.     .Vf  Blair's  ''Ciironolojjicul 
Tables"  (Mulm's  Scioiitilio  Library),  p.  147. 

Ckmi'KY  1.  'J,  Battle  of  Toutoberj?  Forest,  which  prevents  the  coiujuest  of 
(iorniany  by  Rome.  Dr.  Arnokl  deems  this  one  of  the  two  most  important  buttles  of 
history,  the  other  being  7.'J2  A.  l>.,  Battle  of  Tours.  It  was  best  that  the  Ti'iitunii- 
nations  should  not  be  coiuiuered  and  corruptetl  by  Home.  70,  Destruction  of  .leiii- 
siiloni ;  the  Jews  were  dispersed  and  their  political  existence  ended. 

Ckntiky  II.  180,  Knd  of  the  Good  ICmperors.  Gibbon  calls  the  time  of  the 
(JtHid  Emj)erors  "'the  period  in  the  history  of  the  world  during  which  the  condition 
of  the  human  race  was  most  happy  and  prosperous." 

Ckstiky  III.  230,  First  great  Army  of  Goths  crosses  the  Danube.  This  will 
recall  Decius  and  his  fate,  and  will  lix  this  century  as  one  of  great  barbarian  in- 
roads and  of  military  emperors. 

Cknti'KY  IV.  313,  Edict  of  Milan  ;  Christians  favored  ;  rights  restored.  This 
marks  the  tin\e  of  Constantino,  and  the  [><>litical  success  of  Christianity  just  after 
the  worst  persecution  it  had  ever  experienced.  395,  Final  Division  of  tlie  Kmi>irt< 
into  East  and  West  ;  all  previous  divisions  had  been  temporary  arrangements  for 
administration.  Other  dates  of  most  imjjortancc  in  this  century  are  3'J"),  Council  of 
Nice  (Nie;vu),  and  3So,  Paganism  abolished,  ten  years  before  the  division  of  the 
empire. 

Centukv  V.  451,  Battle  of  Chalons  ;  great  defeat  of  the  ravaging  and  destroy- 
ing Iluns  ui\der  Attila.  47C,  End  of  the  Western  Empire  ;  this  was,  however, 
revivcil  by  Charlemagne  in  8(10  and  l)y  Otho  II.  in  9ll'2  ;  for  the  people  of  the  mid- 
ille  ages  reganled  that  as  the  true  Roman  Elmpire.  480,  Prankish  kingdom  founded 
in  Gaul.  Observe,  only  ten  years  elapse  between  the  fall  of  the  great  ancient  gov- 
ernment and  the  rise  of  another  from  which  grew  the  great  modern  powers  of  Ger- 
many and  France  with  no  break  in  their  continuity. 

If  a  date  is  wanted  for  Alaric,  take  410,  Alaric  sacks  Home,  and  dies  the  same 
year.  440,  Reputed  date  of  Saxon  occupation  of  Britain,  is  notable  for  English  his- 
tory, lieing  its  proper  beginning. 

CEXTfUY  VI.  This  is  the  century  of  Justinian  ;  for  him  wo  may  take  ,533,  Issue 
of  the  ''Civil  Ijiw  ;"  but  on  the  chart  555  is  given,  which  may  l>e  learned  thus  : 
about  555,  Silk-culture  brought  to  Eastern  Empire,  in  .lustinian's  reign.  This  will 
fix  Justinian  as  well  as  the  special  event.  Some  claim  that  551  is  tin-  exact  year. 
The  culture  was  probably  introduced  from  Persia,  or  perhaps  from  Mesopotamia  only. 

Cexti  KY  VII.  622,  the  Hejira,  Flidit  ..f  .Mohammed.  From  July  Ifi.  fi'>2,  tlie 
.Mohannnedans  reckon  dates,  designated  l>y  Europeans  by  the  letters  "A.  II.'  that 
is  .1/1/10  Iffjircf,  or  year  of  the  Ilejira  (Ilegira,  or  Hejra).  But  their  year  consists 
of  354  days,  occasionally  355,  being  10,  11,  or  12  days  shorter  than  our  year  ;  hence, 
to  aild  C22  to  the  number  of  a  year  a.  ii.  will  not  give  our  corresponding  year. 
Thus.  A.  i[.  900  was  not  our  year  1528,  but  began  July  27,  1500  a.  d.  Nor  is  it  true 
that  Mohammed's  flight  was  on  .Inly  Ifith,  but  only  that  Mcihannnedans  reckiin  from 
that  clay  as  the  beginning  of  the  year  o(  the  Ilejira.  There  are  publishi-il  tables  for 
making  accurate  calculations  of  dates  in  l>oth  eras.  (.Vv  Ducange,  and  Dunham's 
"  Ilistorj-  of  Spain  and  Portugal.") 

The  most  important  date  of  Europ<-an  hist(»ry  for  this  century  is  G87,  Battle  of 
Testry,  which  leatls  to  the  Karling  monarchy. 

13 


GEISTIRAL  HISTORY. 

Centuet  VIII.  732,  Battle  of  Toms  ;  Charles  Martel  defeats  the  Saracens,  and 
stays  their  career  of  conquest.  {See  Dr.  Arnold's  remarks,  cited  under  Century  I.) 
But  Dr.  Freeman  says  that  the  repulse  of  the  Saracens  from  Constantinople  in  71 S 
by  Leo  III.  is  more  important  still,  being  one  of  the  most  important  events  in  all 
history.  752,  End  of  the  Merovingian  kings  ;  Pepin  the  Short  becomes  king.  Tliis 
founds  the  line  of  Karling  or  Carlovingian  monarchs. 

An  event  of  the  last  week  of  this  century  is  entered  upon  tlii  next  chart,  as  its 
effects  fall  into  that  ccntur}'. 

Century  IX.  On  Christmas-day,  December  2o,  800,  Charlemagne  is  crowned 
Emperor  of  the  West.  The  Empire  of  the  East  was  at  this  time  usiirjied  I)}'  a  wicked 
woman,  Irene,  and  Charlemagne  took  the  title  of  Roman  Emperor,  and  was  held  to 
be  the  true  Western  Emperor  ;  and  his  empire  was  deemed  a  revival  of  the  Roman 
Empire,  which  was,  in  the  time  of  Frederick  I.,  Barbarossa,  called  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire. 

Remember,  when  Charlemagne  became  emperor,  Irene  was  Empress  of  the  East, 
Haroun-al-Raschid  was  Abbasside  Calif,  and  Egbert,  afterward  King  of  all  England, 
had  just  come  to  his  throne  as  King  of  Wessex. 

840,  First  division  of  Charlemagne's  Empire,  to  his  three  grandsons.  The  divis- 
ion made  then  was  ratified  and  arranged  by  the  Peace  of  Verdun.  888,  Final  divis- 
ion of  Charlemagne's  Empire:  it  began  in  November,  887,  when  the  Germans  elected 
King  Arnulf,  and  was  completed  in  888,  when  the  otlier  parts  of  the  empire  had 
their  several  and  independent  rulers. 

Remember  900  as  near  the  close  of  the  reign  of  Alfred  the  Great  ;  fix,  by  con- 
trast, Charlemagne,  800  ;  Alfred,  900. 

Century  X.  The  Hungarians  ravage  Southern  and  Central  Europe  till  955, 
Battle  of  Augsburg  ;  Otho  I.  almost  destroys  them.  Because  of  the  loss  of  their 
warriors,  they  keep  the  peace,  settle  down  in  the  Dacian  or  Avaric  land,  and  beconK- 
civilized,  especially  under  their  first  king,  St.  Stephen.  If  other  dates  are  wanted, 
take  912,  Normandy  given  to  Rollo  ;  and  987,  Accession  of  Hugh  Capet.  It  may 
be  noticed  that  from  G87,  when  Pepin  of  Heristal  gained  power  by  the  battle  of 
Testry,  to  the  death  of  his  descendant,  the  last  Karling  ruler  by  male  descent,  in 
987,  is  exactly  300  years. 

Century  XI.  106G,  Battle  of  Hastings  ;  Norman  conquest  of  England  by 
William  the  Conqueror,  7th  Duke  of  Normandy.  1077,  Henry's  submission  at 
Canossa,  marks  the  time  of  the  contest  of  the  Emperor,  Henry  IV.,  and  the  Pope, 
Gregory  VII.,  Hildebrand,  respecting  the  appointment  of  bishops  ;  and  thus  fixes 
the  time  of  these  men  by  a  striking  event.     1096,  the  First  Crusade  moves. 

Century  XII.  1190,  Frederick  I.,  Barbarossa,  dies  ;  Emperor  and  German 
king.  Pie  was  drowned  in  the  Calycadnus  in  Cilioia,  going  on  the  Third  Crusade, 
which  was  joined  by  Philip  Augustus,  of  France,  and  by  Richard  the  Lion-hearted, 
of  England.  This  date  fixes  these  three  great  kings,  the  most  powerful  in  Europe  ; 
it  fixes  also  their  contemporaries,  Henry  the  lAon  and  Saladin,  and  the  Third  Cru- 
sade. Notice,  the  first  crusade  makes  a  king,  Godfrey,  of  Bouillon,  King  of  Jerusa- 
lem ;  the  second  is  joined  by  two  kings,  and  the  third  by  three. 

Century  XIII.  1215,  Magna  Charta.  This  gives  the  time  of  King  John  and 
of  the  first  great  struggle  for  English  liberty,  which  was  much  aided  by  the  result 
of  the   Battle   of   Bou vines   of  the   previous  year.     1250,  Death  of   Frederick  II., 

14 


THE  MUST  IMPOKTAXT  DATES. 

"  Woiuler  of  tho  Worlil,"  and  hojjiiining  of  the  LJroat  Intorrfyniiin  in  the  Eniiiirc, 
iluriny;  wliioh  no  ono  was  hy  all  {'iirtios  rocofjiiizoil  ami  oboyod  as  cniiKTor.  This 
dates  also  the  onil  of  the  power  of  the  frroat  llohenstaufen  ilynastv,  of  wliicli  the 
two  Fredericks  are  the  most  noble  and  most  notable.  l'^70,  Seventh  (and  last) 
Crusade,  ami  Death  of  Ix)iiis  IX.,  St.  Louis. 

Centi  KY  Xl\'.  i;J37  to  13.7,  Time  of  Edward  111.,  the  jfroatest  of  the  I'lan- 
taf^cnt't  kin<^  (who  are  Ilcnry  H.  to  liiehard  II.).  1:537,  Edward  claims  the  crown 
of  France  ;  the  "Hundred  Years'  War"  bej^ins.  This  reminds  one  of  tlu?  battles  of 
C'recy  and  Poitiers,  and  of  the  IJlaek  rrinco.  The  date  of  next  importance  in  Knjj- 
lish  history  is  1314,  Battle  of  Bannockburu,  by  which  liruco  guins  the  iiidependenco 
of  Scotland. 

Ckntiuy  .W.  About  113G,  Invention  of  Printin<».  1453,  Turks  take  Constan- 
tinople, and  Fall  of  Eastern  Empire  ;  also,  En^rlish  expelled  from  France,  aiul  End 
of  the  '"Hundred  Years'  War."  ll'J'i,  Colundjus  discovers  America.  Next  to 
these  in  importanco  are  14»"J,  Battle  of  i'atay,  or  Orleans  ;  Jeanne  d'Arc  (or  "Joan 
of  Arc")  defeats  the  En<;lish  ;  1455  to  1485,  the  Wars  of  the  Iioses,  Heil  and 
White,  Ijincaster  and  York;  and  1477,  Death  of  Charles  the  Bold  {l)elter  "  the 
Itash"),  Duke  uf  Bur<;undy,  the  most  powerful  uncrowned  prince  in  Europe,  who 
intended  to  make  a  kini;dom  of  his  domains,  rival  to  I'rance. 

Cexti'UY  XV"I.  This  century  is  crowded  with  notable  events.  1517,  tho 
Itcfonnation  bej^ins,  which  was  soon  a  great  political  as  well  as  religious  movc- 
ini'ht.  The  time  of  the  Iveforniation  is  the  time  of  Leo  X.,  Francis  I.,  Charles  \'., 
Uenry  N'lll.,  Luther,  Loyola,  and  Calvin  ;  it  is  also  the  height  of  I'olish  and  of 
Turkish  power.  15S8,  Spanish  Artuada  defeated.  This  marks  the  height  of  Span- 
ish Power,  ami  the  reigns  of  Philip  II.  and  Elizabeth.  15!il',  Battle  of  Ivry,  which 
Secured  the  French  throne  to  Henry  IV.  and  to  the  House  of  liourbon.  151iS,  Edirt 
of  Nantes,  which  proclaimed  toleration  to  Protestants  in  Fnince. 

In  this  ami  the  following  centuries  it  is  easy  to  pick  out  im|>ortaiil  datis  ;  it  is  a 
\irtue  and  a  wisdom  not  to  tiiid  too  many.  Next  to  those  named  stand  these: 
1550,  Abdication  of  Charles  V.  and  accession  of  Philip  H.,  the  Bigot  ;  15"J5,  Battle 
of  Pavia  ;  1531,  Separation  of  the  English  Church  from  Iiiinie,  making  the  king 
(then  Henry  \'lll.)  head  of  the  Church;  154<l,  Establishment  of  the  ( )riler  of 
Jesuits  ;  1555,  Diet  of  Augsburg,  which  continns  toleration  of  Protestantism  in 
Germany,  and  secures  cessation  of  religious  wars  in  that  country  ;  1500,  Revolt  of 
tho  Netherlands,  resulting  in  imlependence. 

Centuky  X\1I.  ItilS  to  1048,  the  Thirty  Years'  War,  which  began  from  the 
tyrannous  bigotry  of  Ferdinand  of  Austpa,  desolated  and  depopulateil  Germany,  and 
ended  the  political  power  of  the  P]mpire  ;  while  "  in  character,  in  intelligence,  and 
in  morality,  the  German  people  were  set  back  two  humlrcd  years."  (."ye  liayard 
Taylor's  "  History  of  Gennany,"  close  of  chap,  xxix.)  1G41),  Charles  I.,  of  England, 
beheaded  ;  beginning  of  the  Commonwealth.  1C8H,  "The  Glorious  lievolntion"  in 
England,  and  the  War  of  the  I^-ague  of  .\ugsburg  (=  "King  William's  War"). 
The  revolution  secured  the  liberties  of  England,  ami  resulted  in  bringing  in  the 
House  of  Brunswick,  or  Hanover,  in  place  of  the  Stuarts;  the  war  chcckeil  the 
grasping  ambition  of  Louis  XIV.  ;  England  joined  in  it  at  once  ns  a  coii,se(|u<  nee 
of  the  aeeessioti  of  William,  the  author  of  the  I^'ngue.  In  American  history,  ltju7, 
Jamestown,  Va.,  founded;   1620,  Plymouth,  Mass.,  founded. 

15 


GENERAL  HISTORY. 

If  other  dates  are  desired,  let  them  be  1G32,  Battle  of  Lutzen,  in  which  Gustavus 
Adolphus  was  killed,  and  the  power  of  Sweden  broken  ;  1G43,  End  of  Richelieu's 
life  and  ministry,  and  beginning  of  Mazarin's  ministry  ;  and  1G85,  Revocation  of  the 
Edict  of  Nantes,  which  renews  persecution  of  Protestants  in  France. 

Centuet  XVIII.  1701  to  1713,  War  of  the  Spanish  Succession  (=:  "Queen 
Anne's  War"  in  America),  the  unsuccessful'  effort  of  England  and  the  Empire  to 
prevent  the  accession  of  a  French  Bourbon  to  the  Spanish  throne  ;  it  was  notable 
for  the  great  military  career  of  Marlborough.  17-40  to  1718,  War  of  the  Austrian 
Succession  ;  it  arose  from  the  attempt  of  Charles  Albert,  of  Bavaria  (the  Emperor 
in  1742),  to  deprive  Maria  Theresa,  daughter  of  Charles  VI.,  of  her  hereditary 
states  ;  and  in  the  war  Frederick  the  Great  joined,  merely  to  secure  territory  for 
Prussia.  17G3,  France  cedes  Canada  to  England  at  the  end  of  the  Seven  Years' 
War.  1776,  American  Declaration  of  Independence.  1789,  French  Revolution 
begins. 

Of  other  dates,  most  notable  are  1709,  Battle  of  Pultawa,  the  decisive  battle  of 
the  contest  of  Sweden  and  Russia.  1783,  Steam-engine  perfected  bj'  James  Watt. 
17G9  is  remarkable  for  births  of  great  men,  including  these  :  Alexander  von  Hum- 
boldt, George  Cuvier,  Brunei,  Thomas  Lawrence,  Chateaubriand,  Napoleon,  Welling- 
ton, Ney,  Soult,  Lord  Castlereagh,  Tallien,  John  Q.  Adams,  Mehemet  Ali. 

Centuky  XIX.  1804,  Napoleon  becomes  Emperor.  1815,  Battle  of  Waterloo. 
1832,  Parliamentary  Reform,  a  change  in  the  representation  and  suffrage  in  Eng- 
land. 1848,  Third  French  Revolution,  expelling  the  Orleans  dynasty  ;  Hungarian, 
German,  and  Italian  Revolts  ;  a  year  of  political  disturbance.  1861  to  1865,  War 
of  the  Secession  in  the  United  States,  ending  in  the  abolition  of  slavery.  1871,  New 
German  Empire,  result  of  the  Franco-German  War.  > ■■ 

To  these  may  be  added,  if  desired,  1807,  Fulton's  first  Steamboat  ;  1830,  Man- 
chester Railway  opened,  the  beginning  of  the  lailway  system  ;  Greek  Independence; 
French  Three-Days'  Revolution,  expelling  the  Bourbon  line  of  kings  ;.1832,  Deaths 
of  Cuvier,  Bentliam,  Scott,  Champollion,  Goethe,  Legendre,  Clementi,  Pugin,  Adam 
Clarke,  Say,  and  others. 

Resuming  these  in  one  statement,  the  following  may  be  deemed  of  primary  im- 
portance, so  chosen  as  to  include  at  least  one  in  each  century,  but  on  the  average 
less  than  three  to  a  century  :  b.  c,  776,  753,  (G25,  594),  510,  (501),  490,  450,  (431  to 
404),  400,  (387,  362),  333,  (301,  264),  201,  146,  133,  48,  44,  (31)  ;  a.  d.,  9,  (70,  180, 
250),  313,  395,  (451),  476,  (555),  '622,  718,  733,  (752),  800,  (888,  900,  955),  lOGG, 
(1077),  1096,  (1190),  1215,  (1350,  1270, 1327  to  1377),  1337,  143G,  1453,  1492,  1517, 
1588, 1590,  (1607),  1618  (to  1648),  1649,  1688,  (1701  to  1713),  1740  (to  1748, 1763), 
1776,  1789,  (1804),  1815,  (1832),  1848,  1861,  1871. 

If  the  dates  in  parentheses  are  omitted,  the  remaining  are  the  forty  dates  of 
most  importance  from  800  b.  c.  to  the  present  time  ;  the  birth  of  Christ  being- 
omitted  as  sufficiently  shown  by  the  Christian  era. 

The  following  dates  from  the  preceding  pages  are  secondary  in  importance, 
those  in  parentheses  being  least  valuable  :  b.  c,  (660,  570),  558,  525,  480,  401,  363, 
300,  280,  (265),  101,  (100,  4)  ;  a.  d.,  (335,  385,  410,  449),  486,  533,  (687,  840),  912, 
987,  (1314),  1439,  1455  to  1485,  (1477,  1525),  1534,  1540,  (1555),  1556,  (1566),  1598, 
(1620,  1632),  1G43,  1685,  (1709,  1769),  1783,  (1807),  1830,  (1865). 
tSee  these  in  table  at  the  end  of  the  charts. 

16 


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TABLE  OF  PKINCIPAL    DATES,  IN  FOUR  GRADES. 

FOR  FULL   EXPLAXATION,  sec  INTRODUCTION',  p.  11. 


(The  sign  +,  after  a  date,  shows  that  it  may  be  taken  in  connection  with  a  later  one,  as  ICIS  refers  to  164S ;  the  sign  — , 
before  a  date,  means  that  it  must  be  taken  with  a  previous  one.) 


I. 

II. 

III. 

IV. 

770,  753. 

i 

625. 

000. 

610. 

490,  450,  400. 

594  +  ,  501. 
431  to  404. 

558,  525. 
480,  401. 

-570. 

833. 

.387,302,301. 

303,  800. 

201. 
146, 133. 

204. 

230. 
101. 

205. 
100. 

i 

48,44. 

31. 

4. 

9. 

70. 

a 

ISO. 
250. 

^ 

313, 395. 

32.5,  385. 

"«! 

470. 

451. 

480. 

410, 449. 

555. 

533. 

622. 

637. 

718,  732. 

752. 

»' 

SCO. 

883. 

840. 

1^ 

900,  955, 

912,  987. 

9 
1^ 

lOGG,  loac. 

1077. 

1190. 

1215. 

12.50, 1270. 

1337. 

1327  to  1377. 

1314. 

1436,  1453, 1492. 

1429, 1455  to  1485. 

1477. 

1517, 1588, 1590. 

1534, 1540, 1550, 1593. 

1525, 1555, 1506. 

161S+,  1619,1688. 
1740  +  ,  1776,1789. 

1007,  -1043. 

1701  to  171.%  -1743,  1763. 

1042, 1CS5. 
1782. 

1620, 16.32. 
1703, 1769. 

1815, 1S1.9, 1861 +,1871. 

1804, 1832. 

18.30. 

1807,  -1SC5. 

52 


ANALYTICAL    INDKX  TO  THE   IIISTOUICAL  ( HARTS. 


f?T"  Tho  tlirnros  r»r.r  lo  <'.i/«;  th<<  chiractcr  —  (miniu)  ili>notcs  a ilsto  bctor(<  Chri.il:  thuii,  — 14  l.i U  n.  r.  Oihor 
jljjns  ar.'  th.>  naino  a»  In  the  >hart»;  tiut  t  tU'tiiiti'S  a  <k-atli  by  vlnliiuv. 

j,*,,XK.— A'ltlitltvnal  in.itt.T.  that  wuM  nut  Ih'  |mt  u(Mm  Ihi'  charts.  Is  ofti-n  ctvon  In  litis  indi-x ;  ami  n  fi-w  tUK*B  aou 
dates  Uius  ajilcU  arc  marked  •.     There  are  (K'^iuelil  i\'fereiice»  lu  lUe  ceiiealotfieal  tables. 


Abassldos  (or  .Vblvassldos),  lino  of  thirty-.soron  califs,  i.V)  to 
liV;  first  was  Abul  Ahtxis.  or  .\l>lallali,  sr  .fr.icrand- 
son  of  Al  Abbas,  uncle  of  Mobatiitiied ;  «re  Calif.  Sara- 
cens. 

Alxlalbh.  iKavnl  MT;  cnllflii  Spain.  A  913. 

Abderrahnian,  first  Ouimiade  calif  In  Siiain,  To3  4-  ;  A—  III., 
9li. 

Ab«tard.  A  Wti. 

Abolition,  «*  SUvery. 

Abrutuin.  x.  :iSt. 

Abu  H.kr.  first  calif,  Mohammed's  wife's  father.  (Hi. 

Abu  Jaafer  (Alraansor  =  Victorioast,  T,*^!,  763. 

Abol  .Vbbos.  iM ;  $tt  Abbassldes. 

Achxan  Lcainio,  -SSU,  —Ml,  — 2«.  — 2in,  -214,  — 1<^ 
—167,  —151,  —146.  Its  frreat  men,  Marcus.*  A  229; 
Aratuj ;  Lydbulas,*  A  'i2C ;  rhllop<emen. 

Acre,  crusailers  take,  IIW,  1191  ;  lose,  lli7,  1291. 

Act,  NavlffaUon,  Kill ;  of  Uniformity,  16«a;  Test,  1C78; 
Habeas  Corpus.  1679;  Stamp,  176A. 

Actlum,  c,  —.11  ;  (VtaTian  defeats  Antonjr ;  **t  p.  M, 

Adams,  John,  second  Prxs.  I".  S.,  1797;  A  July  4,  1324; 
John  Qulney  .Vdims,  sUth  pivsidcot,  1S2S;  A  l»K 

Addiaoo,  Joseph,  aathor.  A  1719. 

Adeluur.  John  C,  phllolo^t.  A  IjM;  not  ISOT,  as  to 
text. 

Adolf  of  N'avutn.  Enip,  12W. 

Adolphm.  r.uslaroN  16ll-li»2,  t  ICyj. 

Adrian  ;i  Hadrian,  117. 

Adrt>n"|.le,  « ,  87-<. 

-Kk-it.  ■«.   -.—241. 

.Hc'«p'>camos,  n,  — 106;  LysaiKler's  victory. 

..KtuUian.  i'S;  .Emillanas  Selplo.  iff  S<iptn. 

.rn,a<  -ylvlns  fUrolomlnl,  Plus  II..  A  UM ;  ««  PopC*. 

.»:*-b>  lus.  — 4.'>«. 

AaiiK.  I.'.-..  431,4.11;  cnlle.1  ■•la.stoflho  Komana." 

.Et"li.in  U'a»ue  iNcan  —»«•!;  -i-0.  -220,  —211.  —190. 


Afi 


'  lie  Tunisian  rvirlon  only.  .V#  nsmes 
:Uk1  natkwa :  C'artfaajce,  EfCTpt,  Ro- 


mans. Vandahi,  E.  Emplr*.  Saracens,  AlgkTS,  etc.  Necho's 
fleet  ffoes  around  -VfHea,  (Sf  — CUO. 

AfHeanus.  «e*  Sclplo. 

.Virathwles,  Tyrant  of  Syracuse,  — 817. 

•Ak-esllaus  II,  Kin?  of  Siarta,  — «9B  t.i  —361. 

Af^tncourt,  x,  1415;  En);land  >Francc. 

ArIs  IV,  King  of  Sparta,  -244  lo  —241. 

ARlabltes.  SOO. 

Aprariafi  Laws.  Komo,  to  dlfltrlbate  public  lands  lo  cltlwns 
by  penenil  enactment  (there  wen'  oflen  */»e<*/<i/  (frantsl ; 
»|iuriiis  Oassius's.  — 1>4  ;  Udnlus  Slolo's  — S<i4  ;  Tibe- 
rius tiracchus's,  —183. 

Aerie.ila,  I'n.  Julius.  78,  A  98. 

•Agripp.i,  M.  VIpsanlus;  and  Agrlpplna,  Gen.  Tab.,  Cen- 
tury L 

All,  »,— 102. 

Alx-la-Chapelle  (or  Aachon),  Cbarlemajmo's  capital;  Peaco 
ot  174'*:  other  "peaces  of  A -,"  ISiiN*  1«1S.* 

Akbar,  Jellaladln,  Mohammc<l,  Ma«nil  Etnp.,  lUd  to  i(XA, 

Aklba,  A  1«1. 

Alabama  cUlms.  tl9.'V)<l,n0fl  paid  to  V.  S,  1S72. 

Alalia,  eft.  -860;  689  (?).• 

Al  Amln,  xi*. 

Alans,  4(V>,  4ii«.  409. 

Alaric  Vlsleoth,  la  E.  Empi.  89.V;'9i! ;  in  Italr.  4i>2-»i«. 
40*-4IO. 

Alaric  lU*  *«  to  M7. 

Albert  I..  Emp.  129-*;  A-  II.,  Fjiip,  14.1';  l«.lh  of  Austria. 
Albert  of  Rrandenbonr.*  first  Duke  of  Prussia,  IWS^ 

A  r  ■  •    ■    •    -•■■■' 

AIMjT.  -  Ilea. 

AINiln.  i .  :<0\ 

Aldblulr*,  — «2n  lo  — IM;  sundry  crenUL 

Akuin  of  York,  b.  784  (?».*  A  >04.    (Saxon  form  of  nanw. 

(Ulhwtne.) 
Alcmaonl  or  Allnnannl  (In  Swabla.  Ptc.V  214,  284.  2M.  2«$- 

271,  S<19.  ■  I  ■■• ;  name  dlsapfiran  aboal  |non.» 

Alcmberl.  d'  .  ele,  A  17iS, 

Akria 
Alexar  -^cwi  t„  — iWS;  Otn.  Table  III. 

A  A  -  I..  l'.n.>«Un.  l-i\ ;  A—  II.. 


53 


ANALYTICAL   INDEX   TO   THE   niSTORICAL   CHARTS. 


Russ.,  1S55;  Gen.  Tab.  XXXIII,    Alexandor  YI.,  Bor- 
gia, worst  of  all  popes,  A  1503. 

Alexandria,  founded  —332  ;  taken.  C40;  see  llypatia. 

Alexandrian  Library,  390,  640  (story  of  its  destruction  in  640 
very  doubtful ;  see  Library). 

Alexius  I.,  Comnenus,  E.  Kmp.  and  founder  of  line,  lOSl  to  ' 
1118. 

Alfonso  I.,  Leon,  789;  A— L,  Aragon,  11 1 S ;  A— X.,  Castile, 
Emp.  elected,  1257,  A  12S4.    Gen.  Tab.  XI, 

Alfred,  the*  Great,  ^71  to  901 ;  87S.     Gen.  Tab.  XX. 

Algiers,  founded  by  the  pirates  lloruc  and  Hayraddin  (Bar- 
barossa),  1518;  1817;  1830. 

Al  Hakim  I.,  Ommiade  calif,  Spain,  71*5  to  820  ;  A—  II.,  961. 

Ali,  calif,  married  Fatima,  dau.  of  Mohammed ;  hence  the 
Fatimites,  t  G61, 

Allia,  X  ,  — 3S8. 

AUiiince,  Holy,  1S15;  Northern,  V8.  Charles  XII.,  1690; 
♦Quadruple,  England,  France,  Holland,  Empire,  1718; 
see  Coalition,  League,  Peace,  etc. 

Al  Mamun,  813. 

AJmansor,  calif,  see  Abu  Jaafer;  A—,  regent,  976.*  A  1002. 

*Almohades,  dynasty  in  Morocco,  1121  to  1279;  in  Spain, 
overthrowing  Almoravides,  1145  to  1232;  kingdom  of 
Granada  was  an  offshoot,  1237. 

Almoravides,  dynasty  in  Morocco  ©  1050;*  in  Spain,  1091  ; 
flce  Almohades. 

Al  Motasseni,  833. 

Alp  Arslao,  SL'ljuki.an,  lOfrJ. 

♦Alphabet,  Egyptian  invention,  of  gradual  growth,  very  an- 
cient; carried  about  by  Phcenicians. 

Alyattes,  —625;  expclk-d  Scythians. 

Amalfi,  Italian  city,  11-10. 

Amasis,  — 5fi9  to  —525. 

Ambrose  fSt),  Bishop  of  Milan,  374*,  A  397. 

Amendments,  LT.  S.  Const,  13th  and  15th,  1865, 1870. 

America,  discov.,  1492;  Portuguese  colonies  till  1550;  Span- 
ish America  revolts  1810.  See  United  States  and  Cen- 
turies XVI.  to  XIX. 

Amiens,  Peace  of,  1&02. 

*Amphictyonic  Council,  noted  only  in  Sacred  Wars,  q.  v. 

Amphipolis,  —422. 

Amru,  6:^9 ;  A  663  (?>.* 

Amurath  (=  Murad)  I..  1359. 

Anabasis  {=  expedition)  of  C>tus,  —401. 

Anafetto.  Luc,  first  Doge  of  Venice,  697. 

Anastasius,  E.  Emp.,  491. 

*Anaxagoras.  Greek  philosopher,  A  @  —428. 

Andernach,  x ,  S76. 

Andrew  II..  King  of  Hungary,  1205-'35  ;  1217. 

Andros,  Sir  Edmund,  1686. 

Angclo  (Buonarottit,  A  1564. 

Angora  {—  AncyraX  x ,  14(»2. 

Anjou.  Margaret,  1445. 1471. 1475.  (County  in  France  held 
by  English  Plantagenets  and  by  French  houses,  Gen. 
Tab.  XVII. ^ 

Anne.  Queen  of  England.  1702;  "Queen  Anne's  "War," 
1702. 

Antnlcidiis,  Spartan  envoy,  peace  of,  — 387. 

Anthcmius,  467. 

Antietam,  x ,  1862. 

Antigonus.  Cyclops.  A  —  801 ;  A—  Gonatns,  —277,  King  of 
Macedon  ;  A—  Doson,  —229.     Gen.  Tab.  III. 

Antioch,  capital  of  Scleucua  I.  and  followers,  from  300  b.  c.  ; 
115;  1097-^98,1208. 

Antiochus  III ,  King  of  Syria,  —223  to  —187;  -195;  —192 
to  —190. 

Antislavery  movement,  U.  S.,  183G-f-. 
Antoninus  Pius,  138  to  161 ;  wall  of,  140. 


Antony  (Marcus  Antonius),  triumvir,  —43,  —36,  —30;  Gen. 

Tab.,  Century  L 
Antony,  St..  first  monk,  A  357. 
Apollonia  \Illyrian),  f.  by  Corinth,  —600. 
Ajipian  Way.  Eome  to  Capua,  —310. 
Apries  =  Hopl;ra  =  Uaphra,  — 5S3. 
Apulia,  Norman,  1040. 
Aquileia.  452;  rebuilt,  552.* 
Aquinas  t^St.  Thomas,  "  Angelic  Doctor"),  A  1274. 

AquitaiQe.  Franks  get,  507  ;  an  English  kingdom.  1360 +  . 

Arabia,  Arabs:    Table,  Ci-nt,  VIII.  b.  c.     See  Mohammed, 

Saracens,  Karamites,  Califs,  and  Cent.  VII. 
Ar.igon   (independent   about  737;*   kingdom,  1035*),  gets 
Saragossa,  1118;    gains  Sicily,  1282;  joined   to  Castile, 
1479 ;  Ferdinand,  king,  1474.    Gen.  Tab.  XI. 

Arama'ans  =  Syrians  and  Mesopotamians ;  Table,  Century 
V in.  B.C. 

Aratus,  —213 ;  see  Acha?an. 

Arausio  (=  Orange),  x ,  — 105. 

Arbela,  x,— 331. 

Arc,  see  Joan. 

Arcadius,  395. 

Archimedes,  — 212. 

Archons  (chief  magistrates  at  Athens),  — 6S4. 

Ardshir  I.  (often  made  into  Artaxerxes),  226. 

Ardys,  —  686. 

Argos,  —600,  —780,  — 41S,  —272.  In  Achaean  League, 
—236.* 

Arians,  Cent.  IV.;  followers  of  doctrine  of  Arius. 

Ariosto,  A  1533. 

Aristides,  — 482,  — 468;  "the  Just." 

Aristophanes  (comic  dramatist,  from  —427  *  on),  A  — 380. 

Aristotle  ("  the  Stagirite  ").  A  —322. 

Arius,  A  336.  (Dispute  with  Athanasius  whether  Christ  is 
homoi-ousios.  as  Arius  said,  or  homo-ousios — of  like  sub- 
stance or  of  same  substance  with  God.  The  Church  was 
rent  by  the  dispute.) 

Aries  (in  S.  E.  France,  Provence),  508,  536 ;  kingdom,  879 ; 
933. 

Armada  (Spanish  navy),  1588.    '^The  Invincible." 

Armagnacs  (political  party,  France,  rs.  Burgundians  and 
English),  1410-)-. 

Armed  Neutrality  (coalition  vs.  England),  17S0  till  ISOl. 

Armenia  (indep.,  — ISS;*  province  of  Rome,  114*),  C93. 

Armioius,  9  ;  A  21  (?*). 

Arnold,  of  Brescia,  A  1155;  Dr.  Thos.  A—.  A  1842;  treason 
of  Benedict  A — ,  1780;  Emp.  Arnold  is  Arnulf. 

Arnulf,  Emp..  8^7 ;  Gen.  Tables  VI.,  VII. 

Arras,  Peace  of,  1435. 

Arsaces  I.,  — 255;  Arsacidse  were  his  followers. 

Arses,  —338. 

Art.axerxes  I., -465;  A—  XL,  —405;  A—  III.,  —359;  see 
Ardshir. 

Articles  of  Confederation,  U.  S..  1777. 

Ary.in,  Table  of  Races,  C-ent.  VIII,  b.  r. 

Ascalon,  x ,  1191. 

A  senium,  x.  — 279. 

Asia:  at  first  a  small  district  near  Ephesus ;  then  the  land 
between  the  Mediterranean  and  Euxine,  or  Asia  Minor; 
finally,  as  now  used.  Asia  Minor,  see  names  of  coun- 
tries, nations,  and  cities,  as  Lydia,  Cilicia,  Ephesus.  Sar- 
dis,  etc.  Also.  Crusades.  E.  Empire,  Turks,  etc.  Espe- 
cially -800,  —644,  —190,  25S,  603,  1401.  Asiatic  War, 
—  192. 

*Assassins,  see  Karmathians. 

Assyria  (capital,  Nineveh),  Table  in  Cent.  VIII.  B.C.;  see 
that  and  next  century.  Line  of  kings,  —745+  ;  events, 
—698,  ^68.5,  —670,  —660,  -6-14,  —625. 


54 


ANALYTICAL   INDEX   TO   THE   HISTORICAL   CHAUTS. 


AaturlA4>  ktDsUoDi  fuunilcd  by  I'li-iv.i  Ti^.,  in  N.  W.Spolu; 

tK*ciuui'  OvWJo,  uul  Luuu. 
Astym:*'^  — ^^• 
Athoiaiic,  yi&. 

Alhuuuluj,  A  84S.    Alluiiu>Lini>,  hla  UlidpliM.    Sm  Arias. 
AthrMiin,  KiDk'  vt  Encbnil,  'fii.    Uro.  Tal>.  XX. 
AtbcliA,  k'a<llu^  city  of  lin-vcf,  of  lunlc  Cuully  **  race.    Sf* 

I'vulurlis  —V.  »nil  —IV.,  i^'lK'nlly ;  •l>u,  — «UU,  — 6SI, 

-S13,  -sw,  —ioo*.  — 4w,  — i»i,  — asti,  — asT,  — sut, 

— -ti,  and  •i>'. 

AtLuitA  cauipul);n,  t>&i. 

Atlanllc  cubli-,  l*«a. 

AttlU,  lluu,  .Ml,  *U\  ii\.  4M. 

A.  U.  I'.  ^Aono  I'rbb  I'uudltS'X  — *59;  auuiool  date  of 
luuwlin^  of  Kumo  by  Uoiuuliu  Ot.  v.). 

Auction  of  tm|»lr\\  1'J3. 

Aui,-9buiv.  «,!>AA;  Conr>'»>iiin,  Mi*);  Dttit,  IMS;  League  of 
A—,  lfc>6,  ISftf  ;  Wor  of  L^ilKUc-,  IftSj. 

Auifur^  pU-U-lao,  —300. 

AutniallDO,  St.,  A  430 ;  SI.  AugU9tUi(i')  =  Austin,  W' ;  A 
605  0).' 

Aut;ustu3:  at  flmt,  Octaviu? ;  then,  i'.  Julius  <.'a•^ar  Ot-tavia- 
nu»;  te  lieo.  Tab.,  CinL  I.;  — la,  —81  t.Vctiuiii), 
-80,  —i;  ;  A  U  A.  D. 

Aun-llan.  -i;",  T.-i. 

.\ur\-tluv  MjirvuA,  161 +  . 

Auslerilu,  «,  IM*. 

Austin,  4<rr  AuKUstlne. 

Austria:  a  inorcti  or  iDarjrravlate,  duchy,  archduchy,  einjtlrv, 
•uccesslvely.  UcM  by  tho  Itab<nb.r)fs  till  lUd;  Kaincd 
by  the  llapsbunr*,  127?.*  Thb  liousv  hckl  tho  eaipiro 
\'i'i'\  I'i'J?,  and  fmm  14.'i?  on;  hen«o  Austria  and  (it-r* 
many  ar«  t>llen  Identical  In  hL«tory.  f^jiccially  Austrian 
events:  .,|.1l.\  x.M^;  l.':i>;.  nln  of  Hungary ;  1TI8; 
wars,  ITiil,  ITllS,  lT4ii.  IT.Vk  ITJS,  IJM.  1<M;  inrtllions 
of  IVIind,  ITTi,  I'l'M.  WJi;  liiarrlace,  l^lli;  li.ily  AIII- 
unee.  I-'UV  Decamo  "euijiinj,"  ls*M;  often  called  Austro- 
llunc.irian  Emplrv. 

Avars  ^sometimes  called  **lluos"),  ^57,  SOS,  GOO;  cooijucrvd, 
i»l  +  . 

Averrhot:«,AIS:UC),  n9S(?). 

Avkcnna  (Ibn  ^ina),  A  1U87. 

Avldlua  I'asalus,  17A. 

Avitcnon,  pipal  rcaideo<:<i,  1809;  owned  by  papacy,  1818*  tlU 
17V1.* 

Avltu^  4U. 

B 

Babylon,  capital;  nabyktnia,  country;  jcrre^test  ,\slatlc  city, 
of  unknown  antUjulty.  Table  of  lUces.  ami  notr,  CVnL 
VIII.  B.C.;  and  —747,  — 7i>%  — <:i3,  — A-wV  Klnf:«,  and 
division  of  Assyria:  — *)5,  — 5-i.\  — 5«0.  — M\  — W», 
— Mft,  —174.  Alexander  nuMle  Rabylon  his  capital,  and 
dUil  ther*.  Kinirs  after  — o€l  unlni[>ortaot.  City  de- 
cays rai'i.'        -       -      ,.  i._ 

'Kiciin,  Kri'  r.  author.  A  \fS^  »gv  f*\ 

IU.Irii.  Ind.  i-  ....  ir)."    .S;r4  MIthridaks  I.,  — 174. 

lUcla-l.  7&1,  l'WV\  tan. 

llaiar.'I  I,  iM.nm  (.r:  Ughtnln;;!,  13>9,  llOi. 

lUlhmu%  »■*. 

llakaric  Islands  —Via.  Kloedom  of  Majorca,*  li6i  to 
|:M4. 

Balloon.  1710. 

f  iVnL  XIV 

1114. 

1—  " ,<*pc<ially  »o  calle^l.  tho  northern  nations  which 

invaded   lh«<   Kmpirv ;   ttt  lutloos   by  oannr.  capccially 
Centuries  III.  and  V. 


Barbarossa,  title  of  Kuip.  KreUerick  1.,  and  of  two  cun>alr«; 

see  .Mtrler*. 
BarcA  (=  lightning),  surname  of  llannlbars  family,  ~'H\ 
Bar  Cuchab,  181  ^"son  of  the  star;'*  see  Numbers  xxlv.  17). 
Uamet,  < ,  1471. 

Uanhulomow  -=  St.  Bartliolomew's  Day,  Auf^ust  24, 1S72. 
Basil  I.,  founds  Macedonian  dynasty,  K.  Emp.,  >G7;  B —  II., 

SCO. 
BaslUu.\  Ml. 
Batavlan  ItevolC,  60. 
Battles,  see  IXH/isive  Battk^. 
Bavaria :  conijuereil  by  CharleiiuMrno,  7S0 ;  Kln^  Carlouian, 

^7t>;  Uvomes  dukedom  in  Kinplrv;  two  emjierorB,  1814, 

174:2,  arv'  Bavarian  dukes;  Henry   tbc  Llou,  117:>,  Uuko 

of  Bavaria;  In  war,  1740;  kingdoul,  IdOO. 
Bayle.  A  170«.  author,  critic. 

Beauclerc  =  Henry  I.,  Kn^-lan<l,  1100.     Uen.  Tab.  XXI. 
Becket,  Thoma^  UiJ-.',  1 1170. 
Bi-de.  A  785. 

Bclfonl,  .lohn,  Duke  oC  brother  of  Henry  V.,  1422. 
Beethoven,  A  1*^27,  ulu.«le.colti|Ktser. 

llelt,Muni  (olil  Fhnder^  Bnbaui,  llaiuault,  etc>,  1»I4,  IbM. 
ltelf.Tade,  X,  1717. 
Bcllsarlus,  A2 1,  KC,  M7,  A  Stid. 
Beneventuni.  x ,  —276. 
Bcn^Iese',  I7A7. 
Benjamin  of  Tudela,  1178. 

Bentham,  .lereiny,  imHtlcal  philosopher,  A  1^12. 
Bervuk'er  !.,  bt^S;   crowneil  cmjK-ror,  Ulo;*  A  y.'4.    lien. 

Tab.  V. 
Bemanl,  St..  1I4«,  A  1153. 
Bias,  Table,  Cent  —VI. 

Bible,  (jiflish.  transUtol,  l«ll ;  NevT  Testament,  ISiM. 
Binitah.  or  Bunnah,  1^24.  Kil. 
Births  of  (n^-at  men.  Year  of,  176:'. 
Black  IMiice,  Kdward.  son  of  lolward  IIU  1856;   A  1876, 

Kint;  of  .Kqultalne,  1360. 
Blenheim,  x,  I7M. 

BliJcher,  l*russian  general  at  Waterloo,  A  1S19. 
Boadieea,  Ijucen  of  Britons,  61. 
Boecacclo.  A  1375. 

Bcrothk,  — 18«,  —447 ,  see  Tbeb.-s  (Its  chief  dly). 
BoOthlu.s  A  .^24. 
Bohemia.  Bohemians:   Table,  Cent.  VIII.  B  r. :  .VO;  ctin- 

queroil  by  Charlemairne,  '•ooCi;*  kinffiloin.  119- ;•  .lohn 

of  Lu.\embun;  Is  kinc.  1810.*  Chnrk*  IV,  I»I7,  Wenicl 

ami  StirismumL  emikcrors.  of  this  line  of  kin;,*s.    IIulv^ltc 

wars.,  1419. 
Bolivar.  Simon,  **  LiWrvtor."  leader  In  ftvolni;  Sontb  America, 

A  1-*). 
Boloena.  school  of  Werner,  1140;  free  city. 
Dona,  46^. 

Bonaparle.  see  Napoleon.     Family  klnirs.  1*^06  4.. 
Bonlfacv  III..  017;  B—  VIIU  l2->4.  1296;  his  ball,  1803;  see 

PopfH. 

Borsla.  Alexander  VI,  Pope,  1492  till  l.'«8. 

Bosnians.  Table,  Cent  —VIII. 

Boson,  Klne  of  Aries.  '•79.     fien.  Tab.  V. 

Bossuet  A  1704,  theolnfrtan  ami  preacher. 

Boston  "Tea  Party."  1773;  ••  PortBIH,-  1771. 

Bosworth.  X .  li?\ 

BoorlNin,  Charles,  Constable    of   Fmnee,   l.'i37;    B— '  Cimily 

come  to  French  throne.  Ilrnry  IV.,  \3i^;  Oen.  Tabtcl 

XV.,  XVI.;  In.-iittln.  XII. 
Boorines,  x  ,  1214.    .'!k  p.  14,  at  foot. 
B -    "•■•" 

r.r  .1.  17.V. 

Br.-  .  .  ceneral,  -4*4. 


55 


ANALYTICAL  INDEX  TO  THE  HISTORICAL  CHARTS. 


Brazil,  independent  of  Portugal,  an  empire,  1S2C. 

Brescia,  Arnold  of,  A  1155. 

♦Brctagne  =  Dritlany. 

Bretigny,  Peace  of,  1.3G0. 

Bridge,  Trajan's,  105,  119. 

Brigantines,  140. 

Britain,  Britons:    Tabic,  Cent.   -VIII.;   —55,   43-51,    61, 

7S-S4;    walls    in    B— ,  121.   ]4h,  210;   20S,  2ST ;   Rome 

gives  up,  410;  Saxons,  440;  seven  kingdoms,  Centuries 

VI.  and  VII.     Britons  migrate,  450.     Called  England 

sometimes,  after  TOO  (?).*    *' Great  Britain,"  1T07,  the 

United  Kingdom. 
Britannicus,  Gen.  Tab.,  Cent.  I.,  t  55. 
♦Brittan)',  great  dukedom  in  west  of  Franco:    Gen.  Tab. 

XVII  [. ;  migration  to,  450  +  . 
♦Brougham,  Ilenry   (Lord),  politician   and   writer,  A  1S6S; 

age  69. 
Bruce,  1314,  1346;  Gen.  Tab.  XXIX. 
Bruudusium,  —40;  arrangement  between  Antony  and  Octa- 

vianus  to  avoid  war. 
Brunswick,  House  of,  Enghsh  kings  from,  1714. 
Brutus,  assassin,  — 12. 
Bubble,  South  Sea,  1T20 :  a  disastrous,  baseless  speculation, 

England. 
Buccaneers,  16G0  +  . 
Bulgarians,  appear  about  500*  in  Europe;  550,  6S0;  kingdom 

subjected,  lOlS;  ends,  1301  (?)  * 
Bull,  Golden,  1356;  Bulls  of  popes,  1303, 1703. 
Bulwer  Lytton,  A  1372,  novelist. 
Bunyan,  A  16SS  ;  wrote  "  Pilgrim's  Progress,"  167S.* 
Buonarotti,  surname  of  Michael  .iVngelo,  A  1564. 
BiU"goyne's  campaign,  1777. 
Burgundians,  French  civil  war,  1410. 
Burgunds,  or  Burgundians,  German  tribe,  277,  405,  406,  413, 

500,  534.    Occupied  Valley  of  the  Rhone,  etc. 
Burgundy  (ten  different  Burgundies  in  history;  five  named 

in  these  charts).    1.  Land  of  the  Burgunds;  see  above. 

2.  Cisjurane  B— ,  =  kingdom  of  Provence,  etc.,  879,  933. 

3.  Transjurane  B— ,  part  of  Switzerland,  etc.,  8S8,  933, 
103-3;  Gen.  Tab.  VI.  4.  Called  Upper  B— and  Franche 
Comte,  lay  between  Saone  and  the  Jura.  B.  Dukedom, 
or  Lower  B— ,  west  of  the  Saone;  Charles,  A  1477,  last 
duke;  see  Gen.  Tables  XIII.  and  XIV.  The  terms 
Upper  and  Lower  B —  are  also  used  otherwise. 

Burr's  scheme,  1806. 
Byron.  A  1S24,  poet. 

Byzantium,  — tj5T ;  became  Constantinople,  or  New  Rome, 
330. 


Cable,  Atlantic,  1S66. 

Cade,  Jack,  1450. 

Cadesia,  x .  636. 

Cadmeia.  — 3S2,  citadel  and  temple  of  Thebes. 

Cffis.ar,  C.Julius,  dictator:  born,  —100;  pontiff,  —74;*  quies- 
tor,  —OS;  pont  max.,  —63;*  priPtor.  —62;*  triumvir, 
—60;  conquers  Gaul,  —58  to  — 49;  civil  war,  — 49+; 
— 43,  — 47,  — 46,  —45 :  assassinated,  — 44. 

Csesars:  "the  12  C — ,"  Julius,  Augustus,  and  others,  to  in- 
clude Domitian  ;  Gen.  Tab.,  Cent.  I.,  shows  six.  Ciesar 
became  =  emperor;  next,  heir-apparent  to  empire,  or 
inferior  emperor. 

Cairo,  969 ;  Cairoan  (near  Carthage),  founded,  070 ;  capital, 
800. 

Caius,  Emp.,  37,  same  as  Caligula. 

Calais,  1347.  1453,  155S. 

Caled  (Kaleed.  and  variously  spelled),  632,  A  642.* 


Calendar  revised, —40;  New  Style,  1582;  in  England,  175:; 
see  New  Style. 

Calhoun,  John  Caldwell,  A  l^^SO,  statesman,  U.  S. 

Calif  (=  successor).  Civil  and  religious  ruler  of  Mohamme- 
dans. First  line,  632  to  661,  relatives  of  Mahomet- 
fathers-in-law,  sons-in-law,  and  grandson  Hassan.  2d. 
Ommiades  (14),  661  to  750 ;  branch  in  Spain,  755  to  1031. 
3d.  Abassides,  fi^e  that  title.  4th.  Fatimites;  see  that: 
also,  Mohammed,  Saracens,  677.  743,  763 ;  Callfate 
breaks  up.  &00  to  820  ;  declines,  842 ;  ends,  1031  and 
1253;  in  Egypt,  1171.* 

Caligula,  37;  Gen.  Tab.  Cent.  I. 

Callias,  peace  of,  — 372;  the  peace  of  Cimon,  — 449,  is  also 
called  ''of  Callias." 

Calmar,  Union,  1397, 1524, 

Calvin,  1541.  A  1564. 

Cambray,  150S.  l.>29. 

Cambridge,  University,  915. 

Cambyses,  — 529,  Persian  conqueror  of  Egypt. 

Camillus,  —392 ;  A  363  ;*  called  "  second  founder  of  Rome." 

Canada,  1763,  lS37-ls3y,  1S67. 

Canal,  Necho's,  see  Necho ;  note.  Cent.  — VII. 

Candia  =  Crete;  Turkish  name;  16C9. 

Cannffi,  x,  — 216. 

Canossa,  1077. 

*CanuIeian  Law  at  Rome,  that  of — 442  on  marriage,  etc. 

Canute  (=  Knudt),  1010  ;  Gen.  Tab.  XX. 

Cape  of  Good  Hope,  1498. 

Capet,  Hugh,  987 ;  Capetians,  liis  descendants;  Gen.  Tables 
VI.,  VII.,  fur  Hugh;  XUl.  to  XVIII.  for  Capetians. 

Capreje,  27. 

Capua.  —310;  noted  in  second  Panic  "U'ar. 

Caracallus  (or  Caracalla),  211. 

Carausius,  287. 

Carinus,2S2,. 

Carismians  (Karismians),  1243 ;  eee  Karism. 

Carloman,  mayor,  741 ;  Prankish  king,  76S;  King  of  Bavaria, 
880 ;  King  of  France,  879  ;  Gen.  Tables  V.  and  VI. 

♦Carlovingians  =  Karlings. 

Carmathians  (followers  of  Carmath),  see  Karmalhians. 

Carolina,  1584,  1670,  17112. 

Carrbie,  x,  —  53. 

Carthage  (see  Punic).  Founded  from  Tyre  .ibout  — 875  ;* 
Table,  Cent.  —VIII.;  —680,  -550,  — 50S,  -4^0,  —409, 
—344,  Timoleon's  wars  ;  — 278  ;  Punic  Wars,  —264, 
— 21S,  —149  ;  —238,  —140 ;  439,  093. 

Carthagena,  400 ;  founded  by  Hasdrubal,*  —243  (?).  —229  (?). 

Carus,  2S2 ;  gained  province,  lost  by  Julian's  war  of  363. 

Casimir  I.,  Poland,  1333. 

Cassander,  —316,  —311,  —296;  his  sons,  —296;  Gen. 
Tab.  III. 

Cassiodorus,  A  575,  .senator  nnd  minister,  historian. 

Cassius,  Spurius,  —491,  —  4S4.  *C— ,  assassin  of  Casar, 
t  —42. 

Castile  (Gen.  Tab,  XI.).  First  count,*  791  ;  1072,  1064,  1157. 
1230,1474.1479. 

Castriot,  A  1467,  Prince  of  Albania ;  famous  for  fighting 
Turks. 

Cateau-Cambresis,  15.59. 

Catherine,  of  France,  1420,  Gen.  Tables  XIV..  XXII.;  mar- 
ried, second  time,  Owen  Tudor,  g.-f.  of  Henry  VII.  C— 
II.,  Russia.  1762;  Gen.  Tab.  XXXIII. 

Catholic,  see  Pope,  Church,  and  other  related  subjects. 

"Catholic  Eniancip.ition,"  England,  1829. 

Catiline,  —05. 
I  Cato  (M.  Porcius):  the  Censor,  —149  ;  the  Younger,  —46. 
j  Catullus,  —45. 
I  Caucasus,  Russia  conquers,  1859. 


56 


ANALVrilAL    IN1>EX   TU    rilE    IIISTOKICAI.   CIIAKTS. 


CauUlne  Furku,  —319. 

C'luton,  A  I4V1. 

OUtuo'  ufclcnry,  (>4D  ;  Dot  fUUy  coforciMl  In  EunuiQ  CAtbatlc 
Churvh  tUl  tbo  Hvforuiation, 

CWtiberiiu  War,  —143  tu  —  Itia. 

I'oUlc,  Crltii,  Tabic,  Ceiit. —Vlll.;  — iTJ.  .V^  liallii- ;  for 
tbd  (jauU  »frv  IVItlc. 

CVDSon*,  — W*A  ~M6 ;  t'a(o,  --  Ul>.  C^-mors  luatlo  u;>  tbo 
lull  ufcltlxous  l>y  ot-uturli-.^  ur  tribi-s,  nlitl  lax-list. 

CfDturlt-A,  — IT*).     l>lvLth)n^  i>r  claAiM-A,  fur  vutloj;  at  Kuiuo. 

Cvrvaiil«-»,  ,^  I61lj ;  autbor  of  "  I)vu  tjuUole." 

IbaMiians,  Tabic,  (.'cut.  — Ylll. 

Cbiloat.  x.ib\. 

Chamitlc,  Tabic,  Cent.  —VIII. 

CluiiiI'Liiu.  Lake.  dUt'uvcn'il,  1M9,  by  Samuel  Chainplaln. 

t  liAinvoiit'Mi.  A  tS5'i,illscuvcrvU  bow  tu  n-atl  K^pttari  blvlv- 
k-ii  I'ljl.'S. 

lli.iili  DLiirrio,  Knuik,  nut  Kn'Och ;  7t>S  to  SU;  many  dale* 
U-t\«>-,'ti  tboat*.  He  U  C'barli'S  1.  vf  Knuicv  auJ  Karl  1. 
oriicrtuaoy.    iiva.  Tab.  V. 

t'harlci,  Aq>ou,  1:!6S:  Raid,  s.|<)  (o  STG;  BuiKunUy,  ItfiT, 
A  U";  Kat,  s;iS,  SM,  iST,  A  l>SS;  MarlcL,  715,  "3i; 
IVivcncv,  Sii;  Simple,  WS  9*J,  A  W9.  or  UubcuiLi, 
1417.  or  Engbnd,  C—  I.,  Ili'JA,  Civil  War,  aoil  WAD; 
i—  II ,  l««0.  or  France,  C-  II.,  IJal.1,  MO;  f—  III., 
Simple,  alxtre:  C—  IV.,  Viii;  <—  V.,  ISftt ;  C- VI., 
i;-';  (•—  VII.,  Wi-i;  I'-  VIII.,  U>S,  UW;  C-  I.X., 
l.Vn;  f_  X..  1^-1,  A  }<iti.  or  KuipLe,  or  licnnaDy, 
C—  II.  U  Charlc»  the  Bald,  Emp.  »75;»  C—  III.  = 
lharU>«  tb«  Fat,  tibote ;  C—  IV.,  IiH7 :  C—  V.,  1519, 
and  otht-r  dates  tu  155«;  C—  VU  1711 ;  C—  VII..  1742. 
OrSpoln,  (.harlen  I.  =  C—  V.  or  tiermany.  Or  Sweilen, 
C—  XII.,  10)7,  A  I71S;  alllanct!  atpiUist,  ICDV;  Nana, 
I7t«;  Pultawa,  17i.W. 

fh.irll.r,  A  145'. 

i.'Uirti-r<,  Ko:;laod,  ISi*^;  dcalrcU  roronus  cmllod  ** People's 

Cbartrvsi,  911. 
C'bauccr,  tteolTrey.  A  I4t10, 

Cbazkr  (tribe  of  Talan?  oo  border  or  E.  Emp.),  tltk  or 
L.-"  IV  ,  775. 

('htp'nja,  K, — 83S. 

1  III.  u-.'   Ilr.',  1S7I. 

I  h:    ■  -         ■   ,  ISI2. 

(Ii  —VI. 

Ill i-iDt.  XIV. 

Ihlno,  I  hlm^so;  Tabk-.  t'enL  —VIII.;  >Uk  Ironi  (."hlna  (?), 

5*"-'';  opium  war,  l>4*i. 
Cboien,  enter*  Kunipe,  1>3(>;  brpin  in  India. 
Cb«*roe»  (Kovu)  1.,'  Najhlrvan,  gnat  King  or  Persia,  "581- 

679;  C—  II..  .''Jiv-6>. 
rhrlat,  Je.^us,  —I,  iJ  ;  tr  p.  14,  at  foot 
OirhtLinlty  :  ri.oc  In  Cent.  I.:  ;  ■  -^  "    rent  II.; 

t.;,rAt.d,  ;ill  ;  ravorMl,  .tl  nt  IV.; 

,    ■ 1  i.v  .!,■■, „  H,:t  ■  ■-  .  l,ni,  Ssj; 

•'.•?7.     Stt 
Pap«-y. 

r  ■;.■.,.!■'.  •.r-  I-.   -•      ■■:!  :    i'..-  ,■  1:..     iillon,  Tol- 

.  r.i^  ■•■  :    Vr-.  ■  ■■:■■■.  V.-  '.    ;:,   .:     ■;.  II  ..:  ..  :,    ; .. 

»  !ir\  ^..*^  .111        ■  •.  .   !- :t  .Mouth."  r\'al  naiiic -lobn.  A407. 

I  liiiT'  h   ,<»    *  !.r'.-'  .ii,,tv.  ele.    l^arTfU,  In  Cent  IV.;  rvor- 

i.-in/..l     III  ■  ■       ■  -      .    ■     ■ 

i:  .111.11   -■: 

l.MI.    Uu.    -.:    .. 
ver^y.  Cent   IV.; 
reston-d  In  Frano-    ■        ■ 
don. 
CIcrm.  Mann.*  TulUu-s  —68,  — »T,  —4*1. 


•CIU,tbe;  tllle  or  Uodriga  Dial  .1.1  II,. >r    >  ~|.r„i.i,  i.  „.; 

career,  llXi5  to  U«9 ;  A  llKtV. 
Clllela,— 71(i,— (itxV 
t'iuibriana,  Oubrlan  War, —113, — 1(^  — lul.     ^i.«)tls  pco* 

I'lc.) 
CImim,  Hon  or  .MIIIIade^  — »fi«,  — 4«l,  —440. 
*Clnt-innatu^.  time  or,  about  — I6i\  at  l£oiiio. 
CinvsluMi,  —OA.     ^CarvbemUb.  tu  Itlble.) 
Clrcunuia%  Igalioti ;  or  .Vft-ica,  about  (>iu(>);  lint,  of  vrurlil, 

Iil9-i;.ii. 
CltlieuabliN  universal,  ot  Koine,  ;;|0  (?^ 
Civil  Law  (=  ICtMnnu  law.  In  contmut  with  Common  [Enff- 

llsb)  law.  sUtule  law,  local  bw*.  etc.).  5.>\  1140. 
Civil  war:   Uome,  —St,  — I'J,  — 14  to  — ii,  and  many  lat<r.  In 

contefltfl  ror  tbe  placi*  vf  emjN.rxtr.     France,  141ii.  VtCty- 

l.VM;    IClVltf-."J,    IC.I^lt'.:!       Kiwland,    KH'J-IK.!  ;     of 

l!"sc.«,  H.V'-lt'Ci;  :<l.pbl.n'^  IliliW  ;  tuiruua  and  Henry 

III,  UW-liiJ^;  .libera,   l'.M4,  UiKl,   IGsi,  IG59  +  ,  1715, 

1745.     TnlUsl  Sutci.,  l-Cl-l>l». 
CivIlK  119. 
Civilella,  X,  1I).'j3. 
Clacv'udoii,  Conntltutlono  uC  UGI;  a  divUrallon  ol  the  rtbi 

tiona  or  tbu  Cburcb  to  the  t^glinb  Rlate.     •AmUc  of 

Clarvudon,    llt'itl,   deelanitlun    or   Kn);ll>b    judicial    law, 

courts,  trlaU,  elc. 
Clauiliiw  I.,  41-51;    4.'i;    Gen.  Tab,  Cent  I.      C-  II.,  its, 

HV  ((rotbicui.). 
Cby,  lIcDry,  American  orator  an.l  statesman.  A  l'*52. 
Clement  XIV.,  |K>|>e.  suppn-saes  Je«ulta,  177;t. 
CiMbulua,  Tabl..,  Cent —VI. 

Clwimcnes  111.,  -S8f.  to  -219;  aeomenic  War,  — i27. 
CUmu,  douiocrillc  l..a<ler  at  Atben^  —Vi\>  to  — Itl,  t  —US. 
CI«..ipotra,  Queen  .if  l-«)|it  —51  to  -  X». 
Clennont  Council.  1095;  another,  ll:to.» 
Clcv..  surci>j.»ion,  li"<i'J  ;  Ucn.  Tab.  .\X.\. 
('Il.«thencj,  — 5(19. 
CloJiu<  Albinu.s  rival  or  Scptluilu.v  197. 

cioui  or  Hold.  Field  or,  i.v>ii. 

Clovls.  m.veral  events,  4S1-511. 

Cnldu^  G ,  -SW. 

"Coalitions"  ».  Ftiincc,  sU,  1798, 179«i,  I3O&,  IsUC  IS«I,  I-I3. 

Co<le,  53s. 

Cotlomannus,  Darius  III..  — 33(1. 

Coffi-e,  17IN. 

Colnagi',  first  In  Greece,  — 760  (?) ;    flnt  silver  at  Itoine,* 

— 26U  (?). 
ColonliaUon:    Gmk,    -7!|.\    — 7!»>,   —7*4,   — W.7,    -611, 

— «on,  and    later.     Uf  America,  Ceoturica    .\VI.  and 

XVII. 
Coloasruro  (=  Coliseum),  SO. 
Columbus.  I4W,  A  J.VVI. 
ComiiKHlus.  I?i>4-.  Isi. 

nt  XIV. 

I     ., .  .  .  1-M;  on  InTratllnmi.  im. 

Cond^,  Louis  II  .  great  general.  A   1&.A;    •l»als  I.,  Doled 

llngnenot.  t  l.'ifiD.    Gen.  Tab.  XVIII. 
Coafi.4lcrary  of  Dekvs,  —477;    imlon   or  Greeks   to   fight 

Persia. 
Conl<.<lenit(on :  rnlle<l  Sute^  1777  ;  Conf..<lrr«ie  itialea.  KI, 

seceding  !(Utcs,  I'.  !«. 

17*4;    Cuntineotal,  1774,  fln4 
..I7-0. 


.-.1. 

■  .jn     geoerml.    — 41.1  to    —  iVS  .     — .t!>4  .     A 
nl»"i:p.' 

Conrad  I .  »i: ;  C—  lU  !>«lic.  10i4;  C  -  III ,  UobensUufea, 


07 


ANALYTICAL  INDEX  TO  THE  IIISTOEICiVL  CHAPwIS. 


1133,  1140;  C—  IV.,  1250;  *Coaradiii,  t  1-2GS.  Gen. 
Tab.  Till. 

Constance,  Peace  of,  11S3  ;  *CouncU  (ITthl,  1414. 

Constans.  337. 

CoDstantine  I.,  the  Great,  806  to  337,  many  ovents.  Gen.  Tab. 
lY.;  C—  II.,  837  to  340;  C—  V.,  Copronymus,  741; 
C—  VI.,  Porphyrogcnitus,  911;  C—  IX.,  1*7(5.  Last 
E.  Emp.  was  *C—  XII  [.,  1 1453. 

Constantinople  (=  old  Byzantium,  named  New  Komc),  324, 
330,  559,  6(>S,  71C,  004, 1204,  1453. 

Constintius  I.,  Chlorus,  292-306;  C—  11.,  337. 

Constitution,  see  Clarendon :  U.  S.,  17S7. 

Consuls,  Roman  chief  magistrates  from  —503  (?)  to  —30 ; 
first  plebeian.  —363;  both  may  be  iilebeian,  — 339; 
Marius.  consul  seven  times, — 1074- ;  Clovis,  510;  last, 
541  ;  in  France,  Kapolcon,  1S02. 

Consular  Tribunes,  miUtary  tribunes,  with  consular  i)owL'r, 
-442  till -3G3. 

Contests  of  popes  and  moaarchs,  notable,  1073,  1227-125(1, 
1296;  with  Philip  Augustus,*  1200;  with  John,*  120S- 
1213. 

Copenhagen,  ISOl.  1S07. 

Copernicus,  Nicholas,  A  1^43. 

Copronymus,  741. 

Corbulo,  63. 

Corcyra  (=  Corfu),  —730,  —435. 

*Cor(lova,  seat  of  Omroiadcs  in  Si)ain  from  757. 

Corinth,  Doric  city,  — SOO,  —627,  —435,  —394.  —243,  —146, 
destroyed.  Corinthian  War :  Corinth,  Argos,  Thebes, 
Athens,  and  Persia,  rs.  t?parta. 

Corneille,  Peter,  French  dramatist.  A  16>>4. 

Corn-laws,  Rome,  —123;  EugUsh,  l>4f>. 

Cornwall.  Richard,  Earl  of ;  emperor,  1257;  Gen.  Tab.  XXI. 

Coroneia  (or  — nea),  x  ,  — 447.  — 394. 

Corsairs  {=  jiirates) ;  see  Algiers. 

Corsica,  — 23S,  1050.  Genoese  bold  or  claim  it.  12>4- 
176S. 

Cortcz  (in  Spanish.  Cortes).  1510.  A  1547.* 

Council:  Nice, 325:  Kiercy,  S77  :  Placentia.  1095;  Clermont, 
1005;  Trent  1545;  Vatican.  1^70.  There  have  been 
twentj'-one  Councils,  called  General,  Nice  being  first; 
Trent,  20th  ;  Vatican,  21st. 

Covenant,  Scotch.  163S. 

Crassus,  —60,  —53. 

Crecy,  x ,  1346. 

Crospy,  Peace  of,  1.544. 

Crete  (=  Candia),  S23,  taken  by  Spanish  Saracens ;  rcc<»v- 
ered.  962;  see  Candia. 

Crimean  War.  1S53-1S56  ;  France,  England,  Tui-ks,  and  Sar- 
dinia, vs.  Russia. 

Crispus.  320,  326. 

Crissa'an  Sacred  War,  — 591. 

Croats.  Table,  Cent.  —VIII. 

Cnesus,  — 56S,  noted  for  wealth. 

Cromwell.  165;5-165S,  A.  Battles,  several,  especially  1G44, 
1M.5.  1G50  1651. 

Cross,  "  Holy."  Jesns's  cross  was  said  to  have  been  found 
by  Helena,  Constantine's  mother,  32S  ;*  taken  by  Per- 
sia, 614  ;  recovered,  628.* 

Crucifixion  of  Jesus,  29  (or  33  ?). 

Crusades,  specially,  attempts  of  Western  Christians  to  take 
Palestine  from  Mohammedans;  afterward,  any  religious 
war  of  so-called  "Catholics"  against  pagans.  Moslems, 
or  so-called  "heretics.*'  1st,  lim+  \  2d,  1146;  3d, 
11S9-H;  4th.  1202-1-;  5th,  12i7-'29;  6tb.  124*^':>4;  7th 
(last),  127t»-'72.  Crusaders  lose  Antioch.  126?;  Acre, 
1291.    Children's  crusade,  1212,  Alijigensian,  12(»e>-'29. 

Ctesiphon,  19S. 


Culloden,  x,  1746. 

Cuvier,  George,  great  naturalist,  born  1769,  A  1332. 

<">j*axares,  —  633. 

Cylon,  —  612. 

CjTioscephalfe,  x ,  — 197. 

Cyprus,  see  Sargon;   64?,  1191;   gained  by  Venice,   1459;* 

by  Turks,  1573. 
Cyrene,  — G31. 
Cyrus,  the  Great,  founder  of  Persia,  — 55i^,  —554,  —539,  A 

529 ;  C—  the  Younger,  —401. 
Cvzicus.  -^10. 


D 


Dacia.  Dacians,  SI,  S6-90, 101-106,  200,  270,  274,  &b9. 

Diigobert  I.,  622. 

D.iguerre,  photographic  inventor,  A  1S51. 

Damascus,  632  ;  Ommiade  capital,  061. 

Dandolo,  Henry,  the  blind  doge,  A  1205. 

Danes,  Table,  Cent.  — VIII.    The  English  called  all  northern 

piratical  adventurers  Danes.    Great  piracies,  Cent.  IX.; 

in  England,  7S7,  832,  S63-S71,  87S,  994,  1002;  "Danish 

intrusion  ■'  =  Danish  kings  ruling  England,  1016-1642. 

In  France,  &45,  S56,  S61 ;  set  Northmen. 
Danish  duchies :  War,  1*4S,  1S63. 
Dante  (i.  e.,  Durante  Alli<:hieri),  A  1321. 
Danube,  pro\inces  on  (Ma'sia.  Pannonia,  Noricum,  Kha-tia, 

Vindelicia),  —16  to  —9.    Movements  on,  104-105,  119, 

250,  322,  375-376. 
*Darc.  true  surname  of  Joan,  commonly  called  d'Arc 
Darius  I.,  organizer  of  Persia,  — 521,  —508,  A  — iS6.     D — 

II., —424.     D— HI.,— 33G. 
*Dark  Ages,  indefinite  term,  to  mean   either  the  Middle 

Ages  (q.  v.),  or  the  darkest  part  of  them,  identical  with 

the  time  of  vigor  of  the  Feudal  System  (q.  v.),  say  S50  to 

1350.    Darkest  century,  900-1000. 
Dauphin  (is,  from  1349.  the  title  of  the  son  of  the  reigning 

king  in  France,  who  is  also  the  heir) ;  Dauphin  Louis 

(Louis  XI ,  later)  rebels,  1440. 
Da  Vinci,  Leonardo,  A  1519. 
Davy,  Humphry,  chemist,  A  1S29. 
De :  for  names  so  beginning,  or  with  D\  look  fur  the 

name  without  the  prefix,  if  they  arc  not  here. 
Decemvirate,  — i51. 
♦Decisive  Battles.    In  the  highest  sense,  those  greatly  in- 

fiucncing  the  history  of  the  world.     Most  of  them  may  be 

found  in  the  Introduction,  list  of  Most  Important  Dates. 
Decius,  249,  +  251 ;  Table,  Cent.  II. 
Declaration  of  Independence  :  United  States,  1770;  Holland, 

15S1. 
Defoe,  Daniel,  novelist  and  i>olitical  writer.  A  1731. 
Delhi,  1739 ;  see  Timur-IcDg,  136S. 
Delium,  x,— 124. 

Delos,  sacred  island,  see  Confederacy. 
Demetrius,  Poliorcetes,  —307,  —294;    A  — 2S3.    D—   II., 

—239.     Gen.  Tab.  IIL 
Demosthenes,  t  — 322. 
Denmark;   see  Danes,   Danish,  Northern  Powers,  Calmar, 

Scandinavians.  13S7, 1397  ;  1625,1626;  1801,1807. 
De  Quincey,  Thomas,  miscellaneous  author,  A  ]Si)9. 
Destruction  of  Veil.   —392;   Carthage  and  Corinth,  —146; 

Jerusalem,  70 ;  Thebes,  —535 ;  Tyre,   —332 ;   Pompeii, 

79. 
De  Soto,  1539,  A  1542. 
Dettingen,  x,lT43. 
De  Witt,  Dutch  statesman,  A  1672. 

♦Diadochi  =  Alexander's  generals,  wars  of,  — 321  to  — 3Ul. 
Dickens,  Charles,  novelist,  A  ls70. 


58 


ANAI.VTK'AL   IKDEX  TO   THE   IIISTOKICAL  CllAUTS. 


Dicttlor.  a  U*nii>orur>*  Buprvtiic  urli-xT  at  Ruiue,  with  Ung-  ' 
llki'  power.     First  ono,  about    — »'>S;*   ttnt    Iili-Uliui, 
—ail;   Fablu.1,  —ill;  nun.-  aflor  -iM*  enxpt  Jiullji, 
— >i,»  and  Julltu  Cwdor,  — 41»*  and  —4". 

DUliiu  Jullanus.  IM. 

Dkl,  nanif  of  liiTiniin  nutU>nal  aiuvmbly  :   of  Worm*,  liil ; 
ofSpln'8.  IWJ;  of  Au(;T.burv-,  IMS. 

Dyf)n,  « ,  aoii. 

biml.lbn,  Tal.l...  Cent.  II.;  2>«,  SW,  80.1;  A  818. 

IM.Htress  aiuontr  Kncllab  worklDi;-claM«-s,  ISOli  in  |S30. 

Domngrn.  « ,  l*>i 

Do(,T(=  duk.-)  of  Venliv,  tint,  (WI;  Dondolo,  llW-liOS. 

Dominion  of  Canada,  1^<I7. 

Uouiltlan,  TV. 

I)i>rla,  Andivw,  Oonocflo.  A  IMO. 

Dorylwum.  x,  llWi;   tho  iTTvaU'St  cavalry  batUo  that  ever 
wa* 

Iluooo.  .\ntUronu9.  — i*).    Gi-n.  Tab.  III. 

Ihuco,  4oVL*r«  k'i^lator  at  Athen:*,  —G-I4. 

Dnik.-.  FnuicU.  navlmtor.  15T^  A  IMfi.* 

Dru.iiu,  —IS  to  5  .1.  u.    Ucn.  Tab.,  Cvot.  I. 

Drydi'n,  John,  p.«t,  A  ITOO. 

Dunbar,  x ,  llJAU. 

DciM^'.iii,  St.,  S'i-'. 

n^i,  h.  <^    llulbnd  ;  1»3,  IMi.  1CA9, 

l)yru-Ijium  (luoiom  Durazioy,  x  ,  — 4?, 


Earth<)uakc:  al  Sparta, —liH,  cause*  third  MessenlanWar; 
ll.\  at  Antloch;  ITo^,  at  Uabon,  felt  fhim  Uubcmla  to 
the  Weal  Intlles. 

tJLilem  Kinpin',  8«.Mo  UM :  errat  extension  of  powiT  under 
Jmtlnlan.  .V>T-5»a;  d.'cllm",  after  lleraelius.  iJII  ;  revival 
'in  ilyiiasty,  *lT-7y* :  and  under  the  Mnee- 
".V).*  ComnenUn  dynasty,  lii'^l-IlN');' the 
1 ,.  •  :i-<»-14,M.  K.  Km  p.  and  Atllla,  441;  con- 
quer* Vandal',  .VO,  and  05lnl^^l>lh^  SM;  Uulj,-irlan» 
and  A  var>  attack,  &:rO.  UT.  Silk  culturx-,  .\V>  (!).  Per- 
sian wars  6  tWU-i  ;  Sarweiu  attack,  682  f  ;  alegei  of 
Con»tantinopl--.  r'-";  |-n's»,  fit".  Aran  Bi,*alD,  (i»KI-6:it», 
SanceD3  3tt.i  T'.tJ-TIS.     I conix-Liat  con- 

troversy on  .  - ;  loM  of  Kxareb.ite  of 

Ravenna.  7'>J  ;  i  >--  "i  >in.-.^.     K;:-=  "         '-•'M. 

'.111.  DTI;  Inte and  Syria  r.i.Mln-d,9ii.  ned 

and  lost,   IiMn  1H61  *■  ;  Turi.s  attack.  •  rt, 

X  ,  loll,  limp.  Romanus  taken  ;  crUMdes.  1096-*- ;  fourth 
era.ude  takes  Consionlinoplo,  I'i<vt,  an<l  holds  till  13RI ; 
Eiuplrv  continual  at  Nlc\-  and  Trebliond ;  Turks  In 
Ean>|>o,  IM),  Kradaally  uko  Kmpliv  till  close,  U,V],  Cdl 
of  t'onslantinoitk*. 

East  Indies,  ut  IndU. 


E. 


Edessa.  lilUT,  tIM. 

Edcar.  Klni(  of  EDi;laad,  tH. 

l:.!.-.  ;.i.i,    .,  14li. 

I..'..  ■:  T.iU-ntloo,  411;  of  Mlhn,  313;  of  Nantes,  \!»i;  same 

revoked,  It-A 
Edmund     1.,   »4>) ;     K—  II.    IroosUo,   10l«,    kloi;   seven 

ni-'nths. 
K.lr.-I,  Jii). 
iJlrisiU-s  .fr-..,.  r.l,-.  .-   ..-..,.„,,(■   \i,,    r.,.,.,,i..i  li-,  ..!-, 

Edwarrl'-  '       "■'■      . 

*  <nntc9MW.    lo4i;     t  Plan taffe nets,  €tc.i:    Edward    I.,  to 
PalrsUnr,    l«0;    klis,    IStS;    E—    If.,   IMT;    E-  III, 


laST;  E-,  Ulack  lMue.-,A  187(1;  K— 1V.,U«1;  E- V, 
H'-a;  E-  VI.,  IMI,    lien.  Tables  XX.,  X.M. 
E<l»y  1=  Edwin),  uaj, 
l/'.ri. -Oii,s27,  ASW,    Gen.  Tab.  X\- 
1  .11  ;,.ird,  A  -44, 

t^,-)-!'!.  Table,  Cent-  —VIII. ;  country  of  m---l  .-»ii»  i, m  rn  m- 
lalluu  known,  exteudliii,'  l^u-l,  to  ^:At*t  ii. .-.,  or  earlu-r; 
kink's,  — *«4;  — <;7o,  Hk\  -5<a,  —!<i%;  under  llol- 
eniles,  — 31i,  —IT ;  CU-ojiatra,  —SO ;  under  E.  Eui- 
plrv,  011.1,  «■«>.  Srt  Al.-xan.lrla;  Eatlmltes,  W'N  1MB, 
lirjtf;  SaladiD,  1171  tu  IIM;  crusadn^  1317,  lU"; 
Mamelukes,  liSO;  Turks,  IS17.  17!«s  ISIl. 
Eb^abalus,  21>;  same  as  llellogsbolus. 
Elba,  t>14. 

>U.-etor8,  the  seven  Kmis  who  In  Cent.  XIII.  6.-eur\-*l  to 
theUK-^^lves  the  |io\vt-r  to  eho.i>e  tile  eni|H-ror,  vli. :  Arch- 
bishops of  .Menu,  Trives,  ami  Cologne  (Mainx,  Trier, 
and  K.'ilni,  Kitii;  of  Itobeniia,  El.-etors  of  Itrandenburic 
and  Saxony,  and  El.-clor  Palatine.  An  Eh-clitr  of  Itava- 
rla  was  added,  fVoui  IMi*  lo  1777.«  The  lU.-ctur  of 
Hanover,  cn-ated  Iteri;'  Ile8se-»"a.».vl,  \Vurteuib.-nr, 
Snllburi;,  and  Uaden,  1:-<II.*  t'oloiriie  and  Treves  I- liii; 
abuUsh.'.l,  Tltlo  Is  now  abolished,  except  for  ll,^^. 
Co-ssi'l;  olUce  liascvas.il.  Eic-clor  Palatine,  Freilerlek  V. 
(Oen.  Tab.  .\.\V.),  1020;  the  (,''<-'al  Elector  of  llranden- 
burK,  llM^^-16^^- 
ElliaUth,  Queen  of  EnsUind,  IMS.    iSamc  name  as  Inbtltti 

in  other  countries.) 
Emanuel,  of  Portuinil.  141'S  to  1.V21. 
Emaneip.-ition,  «e  Catholic,  blavcry. 

Eu|>erur,  flrst  (Julius  Ca-sar  sometimes  so  call.-.!),  Animsttts, 
—27;  good  emiKTom,  96-l»<i;  last  Roman,  old  W.  Em- 
pire, Romulus,  47(1;  E.  Empln-,  Constaniiue  XIII.,  14^:1; 
last  of  "  Holy  Roman  Fjnpln."  FraneL«  II..  l-o<V.wlio 
took  the  title  "  Elnl»mr  of  .Vustria,"  1-JM  ;•  Brst  French, 
Na|)ol.-on,  IsM;  lirst  Uenuan.  William  U  1-71.  "Lnlln 
Emperors,"  Constantinople,  I'.'OI-'Cl :  (ioklen  Bull,  l.lVl. 
Empire,  siy  Emperor.  Roroan.dlvld.il.  202 -f ,  887  4- ,  861 -t- , 
and,  Anally.  395.  Branches  cod,  47*,  14M,  Western,  re- 
newi-d,  >(10;  division,  840,  ratifli-d,  M-l;  rennion.  ''■4; 
divl.slon,  S-iS;  no  em|ieror,  l>2»*  to  9(52;  i\-vived  by  Olb" 
I., 962;  bi-cam.<  '-/AVy  R.iman  Empire"  under  Fn-.lerlck 
I.  New  German  Einplr.'.  1-71.  Events  are  t.to  many  to 
be  lndex.<<l  under  this  title,  and  must  N-  souelit  on  Iho 
Charts,  or  under  oth.T  titles. 
Enftlan.l.  Encll.sh.  rtt  Tab!.-,  CenL  — VIM.;  Ilrilaln.  Iwlla. 
Danes.  Normans,  Saxons,  Civil  Wars  Cliun-li.  Scotland. 
I'bnloKenets.  Tudon.,  and  other  tilVs,  for  siie.rlai  evi  nts. 
Une  of  kings,  ttvm  !«w ;  third  from  top,  on  the  Charto, 
fWim  900. 
Ennlus,  A  — l(S9. 
E)>amlnon<Ias,  Tbetxui  |^>ner*l  and  states.-nan,  fhnn  —  Si?; 

t-8«2- 
Ephesus.  (Treat  Ionic  Hty,  burnt  by  OothN  Mi 
Eptconis.  —270. 
I  Eta,  of  (llymplails,  -77f>;    Roman,  — 7.".;t;   of  Nahnnowar. 
—717.    (The  UtUr  U.V-.I  by  sstroRon  cr»  anrtentlr,  .m  It 
notes  the  foablatlon  of  on  obacnratory,  and  b«cti>s  * 
scries  of  observations  ) 
Ervmns.  A  loM- 
Erie.  Uke.  n ,  It-l-l. 
I  ■   •  :i  the  Stem,  A  '•75, 

—6-11. 

-.    Gen.  Tab- XX. 

Eiheire-l  I..  -M;  E-  II  ,  97^  the  I'nmdr,  A  lOia 
KthelwnIt;  ^s. 


69 


ANALYTrCAL  INDEX  TO  THE  niSTOPJCAL  CHARTS. 


Ethiopians  (not  negroes,  but  from  Abyssinia),  Tabic,  Cent. 
—VIII. ;  — 73U. 

Etruria,  Elruscans,  — SOO,  —550,  — 31S,  —SOS,  — 2S8. 

Euclid,  —300. 

Eugene,  rrincc,  of  Savoy,  great  general,  A  1736.  Gen.  Tab. 
XXVI. 

Eugenius,  usurping  Emperor,  392. 

Euric,  460. 

Euripides,  — lOG. 

Eurymedon,  d  ,  — JG6. 

Eusebius,  A  340;  writer  of  Church  historj-. 

Evesham,  x,  ]*2il,':. 

Exarchate  of  Kavenna,  5.53.  752,  754,  755.  (Exarchate,  dis- 
trict governed  by  an  ^^xarcft.) 

Exmouth,  1817. 

Eylau,  X ,  1S07. 


Fabius,  Q.  Maximus,  "  Cunctator,''  dictator,  —217. 

Faineant  (=  do-nothing,  or  idler),  Louis  V.,  Q^G. 

Famine,  Irish,  1.S4G. 

Fatimites,  descendants  of  Mahomet  by  Fatima  and  AH;  C6I, 
SIUS,  tICO. 

Favila.  737. 

Ferdinand  I.,  Emp.,  155S;  F—  II.,  1C19;  F-  III.,  1087;  F— 
I.,  of  Austria,  1IS35;  F—  V.,  of  Aragon,  1474,  A  1510. 

♦Feudal  System.  Definition. — A  system  of  tenure  of  land 
and  sovereignty  upon  conditions,  generally,  of  mihtary 
service.  Ti.me.— 500  to  1500 ;  special  prevalence,  850  to 
1350.  Are-V.- Where  Charlemagne  ruled,  or  the  Empire 
was  extended,  and  where  Normans  conquered ;  thus,  in 
France  (it.s  special  field),  Germany,  Italy,  England  ;  httle 
in  Spain  or  E.  Empire.  Terms. — Lord  =  suzerain,  hov- 
ereiffn,  Meigneur,  the  superior  party  in  the  feudal  bond, 
grantor  of  the  land.  Vassal,  inferior  party,  who  ren- 
dered ^07naffe,  o^cd  fealti/,  and  received  the  fief  by  in- 
Vfsttture.  Flrf  =  feud,  or  beii'Jice,  an  estate  held  by  a 
vassal  from  a  lord  on  conditions.  Alhd  =  allodial  land, 
land  held  free  of  feudal  obligations.  Sidi-htftudation, 
the  giving  of  a  part  of  a  tief  by  a  vassal  to  a  lower  vassal 
in  feudal  tenure.  Relief,  money  paid  to  his  lord  by  a 
vas.?al  upon  inheriting  a  tief.  Fhir\  money  paid  to  a 
lord  when  a  vassal  sold  his  rights  to  some  one  else  who 
took  his  place.  Escheat,  forfeiture  of  a  flef  to  a  lord  by 
lack  of  heirs  or  failure  to  fulfill  conditions  of  tenure. 
Aids,  assessments  for  special  emergencies,  as  to  ransom 
a  captive  lord,  give  dowry  to  eldest  daughter,  or  pay 
expenses  of  knighting  eldest  son.  Privileges  of  Great 
FErDATORiES. — 1.  Coinage.  2.  Private  war.  3.  Exemp- 
tion from  public  tributes,  except  feudal  aids.  4.  Free- 
dom from  legislative  control.  5.  .Justiciary  power. 
Downfall.- Caused  (1)  by  growth  of  royalty  through 
miirriages,  forfeitures,  increase  of  judicial  power ;  (2)  by 
free  cities;  rise  of  lower  classes;  (3)  by  crusades, 
sales  of  privileges  and  of  estates  ;  (4)  by  mercenary  sol- 
diers, standing  armies,  especially  after  1422,  accession  of 
Charles  VII.  in  France. 

Fez,  803 ;  see  Edrisites. 

Fiefs,  hereditary  in  France,  877 :  see  Feudal  System. 

"Field  of  Cloth  of  Gold,"  place  of  conference  of  Francis  I. 
and  Henry  VIII,,  1520,  near  Calais. 

Finland.  1743;  Finns,  Table.  Cent.  — VIU. 

Fire  :  Chicago,  1871  ;  London,  1600;  Moscow,  1S12;  Itome, 
M. 

F'ire-arms.  note.  Cent,  XIV. 

Flanders,  see  Netherland.s,  and  Gen.  Tab.  XXXII.  Francs 
seizes,  1607. 


Flavins,  family  name  of  Emperors  Vespasian,  Titus,  Domi- 

tian;  Flav.  Severus,  305. 
riodden,  x,  1513 

Florence,  free  city  ;  plague,  1345  ;  Medici,  1378 ;  ste  Pisa. 
Floriau,  270. 

Fontaine,  John  de  la,  poet,  A  1695. 
Fontenay,  x,  841. 
Fontenoy,  x,  1745. 
Forum  Trebonii,  x ,  251. 
Fox,  George,  founder  of  Quakerism,  A  1091. 
France;  see  events  under  other  titles,  especially  Gaul.  Franks, 

Visigoths,  Burgundy,  Feudal  System:  French  line  of 

kings,  upper  line  on  Charts,  from  8s8. 
Franehe  Comte,  see  Bm'gundy.     France  seizes,  1067  ;  ceded 

to  France,  1 078.* 
Francis,  of  France,  I.,  1515, 1525;  F—  II..  l.iSD;  of  Empire, 

F—  I.,  1745;  F—  II.,  1792;  he  became  F—  I.  of  Austria, 

1800,  taking  the  title  in  1804;*  of  Austria,  F—  I.,  1800  ; 

F—  Joseph,  1S48.    Gen.  Tables  X.,  XIV.,  XIX. 
Franconia,  Charles  the  Fat,  king,  876 ;  Franeonians,  Conrad 

I.,  '.Ill  ;   Conrad  II.,  line  of  F.  emperors,  1024  to  1125. 

Gen.  Tables  VII.,  VIII. 
Franklin,  Dr.  Benjamin,  statesman  and  ph'losopher,  A  1790. 
Franks,  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.     (Teutons,  not  French  ;    the 

FrtHch  are  a  composite  people  of  later  date.)    Inroads, 

etc  ,  2J0,  250,  277,  284,  809,  320,  854,  481.     Clovis,  481  to 

51 1  ;  kingdom  in  Gaul,  480  ;  534.  530,  538. 
Frederick,  Emperors:  I.,  1152-1190,  sundry  events  ;  F—  II., 

also  King  of  Sicily,  1212-1250,  sundry  events ;  P—  III. 

(IV.),  1440-1-;  F—  of  Austria  (F—  ill.  of  some),  1314. 

Of  Prussia,    F—  I.,  1701  (previously  F—  III.,  Elector, 

1088);  F— II.,  the  Great,  1740-1 7S0.    Gen.  Tables  VIII., 

IX  ,  XXIV. 
Frederick   William,  Prussia,   I.,  1718;    F.   W—  II.,  1786; 

F.  W—  III.,  1797;  F.  W—  IV.,  1840.    Gen. Tab.  XXIV. 
Free  Cities  in  Italy,  Cent.  X. ;  see  Feudal  System ;   they 

weie  vassals  ofleu  of  kings  or  emperors  at  fir.st. 
French  in  Mexico,   1801.    Fi-ench  Kevoiutions,  1789,  18-30, 

1848. 
French  and  Indian  War,  1754. 
Friedland,  x,  1807. 
Fritigern,  Visigothic  chief,  370-382.* 
Froissart.  A  1401. 
Fronde,  li!48. 

Fulton,  llobert,  inventor,  A  1815 ;  first  steamboat  (on  Hud- 
son). 1807. 

G 

Galba,  08,  +  69. 

Galen,  A  200. 

Galerms,  292-311  ;  joins  in  edict,  311;  gained  provinces  in 
war  with  Per.sia,  lost  363. 

G,lliIeo  de'  Galilei,  scientist,  A  1642. 

Gallienus,  254,  260. 

Gallns,  251,  Emperor  ;  G— ,  Casar,  S51-E54. 

Garibaldi.  1860. 

Gaul,  Gauls,  G.allic,  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.;  flght  Koine, 
-388,  — :i87.  —^346 ;  they  helped  the  Saumitcs  in  third 
war;  — 225  to  — 222,  conquest  of  Cisalpine  Gaul ;  con- 
quest of  Gaul  Transalpine,  —121,  — 58;  Alemanni  in 
Gaul,  234,  3.54 ;  Franks,  240,  256,  277,  354;  Gallic  king- 
dom, 25S-274.  Visigoths,  414-507;  Vandals,  etc.,  406; 
Britons,  450.  See  Franks.  Rurgunds,  Vi.'^igoths.  and 
France. 

Geber.  780;  date  very  uncertain. 

Gelo,  -480. 

Geneva  :  Calv-in's  power,  1.541 ;  arbitration,  1872. 


60 


ANWLYTK'AL    INDKX   TO   TllK   IIISTOKRAI,  ClIAIiTS. 


GoDoa,  an  imjiurtaiit  (K'«  city  from  1000  ;*  *v  PUa ;  wur  with 
Savoy,  Id'.'S, 

Gvnftvrk-.  -I^^'^'ITT  ;  ii*f  Vaodab;  plLodoni  Rume,  4AA. 

UevrKu  I.,  Ilni[uwlck,  Klui;  uf  Enk'lauil,  1TI4  ;  G—  II,,  ITST; 
«—  111.,  klni;  116(1,  Inuou  1->1I,  A  1>S0;  O — IV,  re- 
Ki'Dt  Isll,  klOK  I>2t>-1MI0.    Geo.  Tab.  Will. 

GTOivia,  U.  S..  1W3- 

G.rWrl,  r»|K'  Syl»c»UT  lU  99I>-I0c>3.  [ 

Gi<nnaaii-u.i,  U)-17.     Gen.  Tub.,  Cvot.  I. 

Ufrnuum.  Gfrnuuiy.  TaWo.  Cent  —VIII.;  »«  F.miioponi, 
Kuipin'.  Klfoturs  .Aiutrl:!.  l*rU5»l«,  IMol,  Kcrumiatlon, 
an4l  many  ulhor  kMm.  Una  of  kloi.'s  who  ar\'  iiuMtly 
cniiKTor*,  schtoimI  line  OD  Charta  from  bi»7.  Grnnan  wars 
of  KoiDv,  —li  to  — U ;  — »  to  5  .k.  l>.  ;  9,  «  TfUtoUrR 
Fon-st;  10-17.  Girmany  subjit-ta  Italy  ami  ri'VlvM 
Kmplrv,  1>M.  96-i.  Gcniinns  ^tonn  Konu'  and  bold  It 
fc'vi'n  inontbii,  IWT :  IVaaants'  War.  ISii;  Kt'llKloua 
War.  1M6;  nt'W  timplrv,  l-'Tl. 

Gt'riM>n.  John,  A  U'^y. 

Gf4«>nliii«.  William,  irrvat  Hebraist,  A  l<l'i. 

Get*. +  21 1. 

Gelty»bur>r.  x,lS*S3. 

Ohont  trvaty  there,  U.  9.  and  Fjifland.  sijn.'d  Dee.  24,  I'^U. 

GbllK-tlnA  (=  party  of  the  Kmp^'rwr  r*.  Welrle  hoiLse  or 
popes),  orib-tnate.  IISS;  strife  In  Italy.  I'enL  .\IV. 

GhUnI  (=  Ghuinee,  Uaouh),  kinpl'im,  Ml-IISM;  ukeii  ' 
.Monirolv  li3<>  c>-' 

lat.'    n.  Klwanl,  hbtorlan.  A  ITM. 

i,\.\  li  .1.  r.'  War.  — T3  :  irladbtorial  shown  abollshe.1,  ini. 
Glaa.s-wlndow9;  note,  I'ent.  \IV.    (Glau  made  In  K^O'I'^ 

llWtl  B.  r.,  or  earlier.) 
"Glorious  Revolution,"  England,  ifi^ 

lilyeerlu.*.   IH.  I 

Gnlfrey  of  Bouillon.  1099,  A  I  lOO. 
liodwln.  A  ll.M. 
•tiiHlhe.  John  W.,  poet. etc.. irreatest  Gemun  writer.  A  l-Si, 

aife  -». 

GoMen  .Vire,  Rome.*  time  of  Augustus;  SjrirenH  of  Kj^t, 
-(iUnSi);  Sanie.ns  of  West,  SSlVlllOO. 

GoUlen  Bull.  Germany.  \M6. 

ttoioales  1=  Sinerillsl.  —Ki. 

<ioiuLis4=  Antitfottus  t.>,  — 'iTT. 

GiHul  Knipt-rors.  96-Ht. 

Go  "1  Ilo(,-.  ra|«  ot  u;w ;  discoreivd.  UW.»  i 

ll.nlUn.  I  .  II.,  Ill  .  Sl-i. 

(;..n|..ii,   .      N,.  I-..;.,  ry")  riots.  ll'^O. 

litirm  th'-  o[.l.  A  •-' I'j  or  9-V).  (lie  was  certainly  kln^r  In 
!^<S^  ;•  henec  rule<l  at  Iraat  "s  years.  If  not  -1.) 

Ooths,  Table,  fent  — VIII.;  three  st'etlons,  Ostro-  and 
Vlsliruths  (L  e.  IJMt-  ami  West-Goths,  as  they  settled 
on  the  T>im^.-'  and  Oepldw ;  the  latter  remalne<l  In 
DaeLi  •  'by  LombmU    *«.  3.W.  45*.  »m. 

2«;'.  -■■  ■•;  ttf  (>struitotb».  Visigoths. 

*;.!«,  r  .I.i.in.  A  I  I  1-,- 

liri..  1.  i<  Tib.  :>empronlna,  — l!B;  Gen.  Tab,  Cent.  —II.; 
U  11,.  -lit.  _wi.  some  Gen  Tab. 

Gninatia,  kin^plom  of,  IJST-I4l>j ;  tft  Almohadrs. 

Graniru.*.  ^  .  .S;v4. 

Grant,  riysses  !*..  mineral  I".  9  ,  1^1  +;  PrrsMent.  I««9-I^TT: 
rompalirn  In  Vo.,  I  ■*!. 

Gratlan,  S7.\ 

Gray.  Th'■ma.^  port  A  1771.  ' 

Gn-at  Ilrilaln.     .Iamr«  I   t.itiV  •  ,  n." 

at  aeee*«-nn.  KjvT;    tlr.t  ,nH 

an<I  SiiitUnd  meets,  lioT.  iHu...  ..i  -.  m:.i,.i,  .-^t;* 
t»;.  <lnce  L«  "fnlte<l  Klnclom  of  lir>-at  Britain  and 
In-Lind." 


"Great  SebUm."  1«7«-U». 

iire«-e«.  Grecian,  Greek.    Table,  Cent.  —VIII  ;  — 7SI0,  —780, 

-Soil,    Ceiituilea- v.,  — IV.,  — III  ,— II  ,;«iwim.-  „, 

Ionia,  Corinth,   9parta,  .\tbeua,  TheU-a,  ami   tmiiies  of 

other  citlea ;  twton,  and  other  iiersona.    Uarbarlaji  Imip. 

lions,  — 37U,  SM,  ii»;    under  Constona,  ««,    .Mo.l,m 

Gr«\-e«\  revolt,  Ib^il ;   lnde|iendeuce,  Islo.    At  Mt>r^<a, 

Turks,  Venl>-e. 
Grei'k  Cbureh,  r<<;7.  lOM ;  we  Photlua.    Grv-ek  FItv,  fiW. 
Gri'gory  (sixteen  po|N.*ft  so  nanie^!*  I     '■'■"  '••(■  ■-      "    "'^ 

and  G—  IIU  7»l,  opiHHie  Kt 

G—  VIU  1078,  1077;  G—  I 

II.;  G—  .Mil.,  1^7J;  r\vl.vs  i  alemlar,  l.*.^2 
Guelfs  ( .-  party  ai.'olnst  KmjK-mr ;  as  bmlly.  the  WellW,  Gen. 

Tables  Vll,  VIII. I.  srr  Ghlbillns  and  sanio  dat>i>. 
Guldo  (.\rvtlao  =  of  Ar>iio),  li«l, 
•Guise,  Iiukes;  «■«  Gen,  Tab.  XIX.      NoUhI  In  time  of 

Henry  IV.,  Frnnec. 
r.tii.'.it,  Francis  P.  t:.,  statesman  and  lilstorlan,  A  1^74, 
«.  iin.Mvvilcr,  note.  Cent.  .\IV.;  <f-  plot,  1»>J,V 
(.ii-lavus:  —  AdolpUu^  irtll-iCH-i:    -  Vu.-.:!.  founder  of  line, 

ISai.    Gen.  Tab.  -X.WII. 
tiuy  uf  .Simloto,  !*>;  Gen.  Tab.  V. 
Gyges,  — 724,  fiiunds  Menunad  dynasty  in  LydLx 


II 


11  ,      1.  r..r|.u^  .WL  I'M.'. 

II  ilrl.m  (or  A.lrianl.  117.  119,  121,  etc..  In  ISS. 

lljM'r,  Hill.  «,  l.SSM. 

Ilamll'-ar  {tre  llarea).  24*.  2Srt.  A  2^. 

Ilamillc,  Table.  Cent.  —VIII.  Some  call  Ilamillc  people* 
Semitic;  It  Is  dinlcull  to  dUH-rimlnale  tbe.n.  Hut  Sain- 
Itea  aro  never  maritime,  commercial,  unless  tlte  llaiultes 
are  Includeil  as  Semite's. 

*IIam|Hlen.  John,  (ntriot  statesman,  t  1(U.1;  In  Shlpmnney 
controveisy.  IftM. 

Ilrm'lil,  G,-.'n;e  Fnslerick,  musician,  A  I'H). 

Ilannllni.  sin  of  Hamllcar  narra,  born  —i>7:  ronducts  sec- 
ond l^mic  War.  -220  U>  —801;  to  Antioehuv  — I'J.'.; 
A  — 1>>. 

llansi>attc  I.^agne:  union  of  Imding-towns  r.f  Germany,  etc., 
for  mi.tuai  protection  ;  orirln  cannot  lie  dateil.  but  about 
1220;«  comt's  to  notice,  124S;  gmleat  power,  about 
18*1;  bniken  up.  I  (!»>,• 

Ilardicanul"  (flarthaknnillV  IIM1.     Oen  Tab.  XX. 

HamH.  llanfo.il.  liU'i;  II—  II..  Gtidwin's  aon,  lUM. 

llan-iun  (=  .Vantni  al  Ra.'vhid.  7'»fi.  HiO. 

Ilanrer.  Dr.  William,  A  1U7;  dlscovrml  drciilatlon  of  the 
blosl. 

lU-s.snn,  MO. 

Hastinir.  Danish  pirate.  Cent  IX. 

IlasUngs  (or  Senlac\  «,|n««. 

Ilastlnirs,  W.irren.  fjor-irrner*!  of  Imlta.  irffl;*  Impeached, 
I7'.«:»  trial.  17^1 ;  A  l»H. 

ITattln  (or  TIN-rlasl,  .  .  II -7. 

r-    '-     '         ■     -     •  muslrian.  A  IW». 

I  •    -VIII. 

II  .  .VsayrU.  -ttit:    Athens.  — 4.''n,  -MS; 

lUbylon,  — .VB:«  Empire,  WrMpm,  FrMerick  II, 
I3!»0(T>;«  EmpllT,  Roman.  Tra>ui.  117  .•  Ilansealtc. 
I3«0(?>;»  Ilolhml.  1<«I  to  |(I7»:  Persia.  Darius  I.. 
-«»;•  Polard.  I.MO;*  SaraevM  7»)  ;•  F.  Svaoeoa, 
'<10;»     W     Han-  Pblllp    II.    lMn;» 

SpartA.  -4'«:  1  ■.  Cent,  XV. 

IT       -  "    —     "  ,  , 


•  rtb.  Rhine.  •!.  I»40. 


fil 


ANALYTICAL    INDEX  TO   THE   IIISTOEICAL  CHARTS. 


Hennepin,  1C80  ;  Catholic  luissionnry. 

Ueniy  :  of  Kn^land,  H—  I.  (Beauclerc  =  fine  schohr),  1100; 
H—  II.,  Planta^enet,  1154,  1162,  1169;  H—  III.,  1216, 
1204,  1265;  II—  IV.,  Lancaster,  usurper,  13HJ»,  1403; 
11— A^,  1413,1115,1420;  II-  VI.  (weak-minded),  1422, 
1445,  1461),  A  1471;  H—  VII.,  Tudor,  usurper,  14S5; 
II—  VIIL,  15iH).  OfFrance.  H—  I.,  Iu31;  II—  II.,  1547; 
H—  III.  (Duke  of  Anjou,  Kin<r  of  Poland).  1574 ;  H— 
IV.,  Bourbon,  158'J,  1590,  15i)8,  t  1610.  II—  V.,*  title 
claimed  by  present  representative  of  Bourbon  line.  Of 
Germany,  H—  I.,  the  Fowler,  of  Saxony,  919,  933;  II— 
II.,  "Holy,"  101)2;  H—  III.,  '^  Black,"  1039 ;  II—  IV., 
1056,1077;  H— v.,  1106:  H— VI.,  1186, 1190;  II- VH., 
of  Luxemburg:,  130S,    Henry  the  Lion,  1178. 

Heptarchy,  En^rlish  (commonly  called  SaxoJi)  kingdoms  in 
Britain;  really,  ofteu  mure  or  less  than  seven;  note, 
Centuries  VI..  VII. 

Heracleia,  x,  — 2Mi. 

IleraclTus  I.,  610,  622. 

IleristJiI,  Pepin  of,  6^7. 

Hermanric,  350. 

Herod  the  Great,  A  — 4. 

Herodotus,  —454. 

Heruii,  47C-493. 

He.x'bam,  x ,  14iM. 

Hiempsal,  cousin  and  co-heir  of  Jufjurtha,  +  —118. 

Hiero  II.,  — 263,  A  —216. 

Hildebrand  (=  Gregory  VII.),  1073. 

Himera,  x  ,  — 4S0. 

Hincmar,  SS2. 

Hindoos.  Table,  Cent.  — Vlll. ;  nr  India. 

Hipparchus,  —527,  brother  of  llippius. 

Ilippias, — 527,  —510;  son  of  Pisistratus. 

Hixeni  I.,  976. 

Ilochstadt  (=  Blenheim),  x,17il4;  a  previous  battle  there, 
1703.* 

Hogue,  la,  battle  of!  Cape,  1692. 

Hohenlinden,  >:.  ISOO. 

Hohenstaufen  ;  German  dynasty,  113=^-1254;  power  ends, 
1250. 

Holland:  William  the  Silent,  1579;  declares  independence, 
15S1;  see  Dutch;  1595,  1G02.  1609;  power  of.  16:11-1-; 
wars,  1652, 1(;64. 1672. 1688 ;  in  Li-ague  of  Augsburg,  1686 ; 
in  war,  Austrian  succession,  1740;  King  Louis,  1S06; 
joined  with  Belgium,  lsl4:  separated,  1830. 

*nolstein.  see  Danish  Duchies. 

Holy  Alliance.  1815;  Holy  Cross,  see  Cross;  Holy  League, 
1510. 

*Homer.  Greek  poet  before  history,  of  very  uncertain 
date. 

Honorius.  Emp..  395;  Pope  H—  III.,  1216. 

Hood.  Thomas,  poet,  A  184"). 

Hophrn  (=  Apries),  -  588. 

Horace  (Q,  Horatius  Flaccust.  A  —8. 

Hostages,  Achaan.  —167.  —151. 

Hostilian,  251. 

Howard,  John,  philanthropist,  A  1790. 

Hubertsburg,  Peace  of,  1763. 

Hudson,  river.  1607. 

Hugh.  Capet  founder  of  Une.  987.  Gen.  Tables  VI..  \ai., 
.XI 11. 

Huguenot-,  French  Protestants,  forming  also  political  party, 
1595,1615,1628,1629.1085. 

Humboldt.  Alexander  von,  A  18.59;  great  scientist. 

Hume.  Da\id,  historian  and  philosopher,  A  1776. 

Hundred  Years'  War,  1337-1453. 

Hungarians,  Hungary;  Table.  Cent.  — VIIL;  sec  Magyars; 
8S9,  900,  933,  955;  regular  government  formed,  Cent.  X., 


997,  1444;  united  to  Austria,  x  Mohiics,  death  of  List 
king.  1526;  Maria  Theresa,  1740;  revolt,  1848. 

Huns,  375,  441,  451,  469;  Avars  and  Hungarians  were  erro- 
neously so  named,  because  Turanians.    See  Attila. 

Huss,  John,  1 1415;  Hussite  wars,  1419. 

Huygens,  Christian,  scientist,  inventor,  A  1695. 

Hyder  Ah,  1761. 

llypatia.  teacher,  brutally  murdered  by  Alexandrian  Chris- 
tians with  connivance  of  St.  Cyril,  415. 

Hyphasis,  E.  branch  of  Indus,  now  Sutiej.  —326. 

Ilystaspis,  5^c  Darius  1.,  a  title,  from  his  father's  name. 


I 

H)n  Sina,  1037  {=  Aviconna). 

Iconium,  Iloum,  kingdom.  1074. 

*Iconoclasts,  opponents  of  image-worship,  q.  v. 

Illyrian  War,  —220. 

Image-worship  forbidden,  726 ;  see  (Jreg:ory,  Loo. 

Imposture  of  Simnel,  1487;  pretended  to  be  Edward.  Earl  of 
Warwick,  son  of  George,  Duke  of  Clnrencc.  Gen.  Tab. 
XXII.    See  Warbeck. 

Independence:  Holland,  1581,  1609;  Prussia,  from  Poland, 
1657;  United  States,  1776. 

India:  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.;  —1326;  712,  997.  136S,  1498. 
Portuguese  colonies,  1550,  1595,  1602-1C20 ;  Moguls, 
1520,1556;  Xavier,  1542;  EngHsh,  1757,  1774.  Mutmy, 
1^57.  E.  Indies:  Dutch  take  Portuguese,  1602-1020; 
slavery  abolished,  1838.  W.  Indies:  slavery  abolished 
in  English.  1S34-1S3S. 

Infallibility  of  the  Pope  ;is  head  of  the  Roman  Catholic  ChurcJi. 
explained  and  declared,  Vatican  Council.  1870. 

Innocent  III.,  pope,  nO''-1216;  interdicts  and  crusades,  see 
Popes:  I. -IV.,  1243;  opposed  Frederick  II. 

Inquisition,  1229;  see  Torquemada,  149S.  Not  entirely  sup- 
pressed tilll  835! 

Institutes  of  Justinian,  528  +  , 

Interdict:  on  France,  1200;  on  England.  1208.* 

Intermarriage  of  patricians  and  plebeians,  — 442. 

Interregnuui  in  W.  Empire,  1250-1273  (or  some  say  1250- 
1273.  from  death  of  William  of  Holland). 

Inventions,  see  note.  Cent.  XIV.:  printing  about  1430; 
watches  for  pocket,  1658;  spinning-machinery.  1707; 
steam-engine  perfected,  1782;  balloons,  about  17.'r3. 
Seven  of  the  greatest  inventions  or  discoveries  of  the 
nineteenth  century  are  the  railroad  and  locomotive,  pho- 
tography, electric  telegraph,  sewing-machine,  reai)er.s, 
an  {esthetics,  and  friction  matches ;  but  the  century  is 
full  of  inventions  and  improvements  innumerable,  most- 
ly from  people  of  Teutonic  stock. 

Investitures,  contest,  1073,  1122. 

Ionia,  Ionic,  etc.,  -70'^,  —501,  — 494;  see  Athens. 

Ipsus,  X,  —301. 

Iranian.  Table,  Cent.  — VIII. 

Ireland.  1169;  see  Great  Britain.  Irish  famine,  1546;  rebel- 
lions. I79S,  1548;  Boyne.  x,  1690. 

Irene,  usurping  Empress.  780.  797. 

Isabella,  Castile.  1474;  Gen.  Tab.  XL;  usurping  Queen  of 
England.  1326;  Gen.  Tab.  XIY. 

Isaiah,  —712.  or  earlier. 

Isaurian  dynasty:  Leo  HI.,  717,  to  Irene's  .son,  Constantine 
VI..  797. 

Isidore.  St ,  A  6:56. 

Islam.  Mohammed's  religion,  632. 

Israel,  —721 ;  see  Sargon. 

IsBus,  X,— 333;  x,  194. 

Isthmian  games,  near  Corinth.  —196. 

Italy  ;  see  Rome,  and  many  other  titles.   Table,  Cent.  —VIIL 


63 


ANAI.YTkAl.    INDKX   To    IIIE   UISTOKICAI,   ClIAUTS. 


— VM),  -TIS,  -26S.  History  of  Kimio  and  Italy  Montlral 
nil  470  -,  3M,  iW.  -nx  ;  bartiarlui>  la,  W!,  iOb-tfi  ;  iX; 
476,  4-y,  53*.  i6^  ;  kllli;»,  >H>,  5*1,  SN?+;  aud^vt  to 
(.(iTUiany,  UM,  fOl  ;  fti^  dtlti*  rtM\  CVut.  \.;  Nuniiana, 
lU-JU;  LoliitHirU  U-oKUi-,  11^4+;  liWiai,  ISil;  (.'harltii 
Vm.  Invad.A  1414;  l."i2»  ;  pri-at  wara,  Ci-nl.  XVl.; 
new  kin^vtiiiu  of  Italy,  l-'fiL  [ 

•Ivan  th»  rcmbli;.  I'mr  of  i;u.-.sU,  K■■a»-^^^4;  liin.  Tab. 
XXXIII. 

Ivrv,  x.lWO.  ; 


Jackaoo.  Antlrew,  L'iUli.tl  Slalva  gi'Ui'tal ;  PrvslJont,  lSi»; 

A  WIS. 
••.lac.|Ui'iK-,"  18S<». 
.laiiu'.i  I,  Stuart,  KinL-  of  KD|:land,  ItSOD;  J—  II.,  Ill'^  lOK), 

A  17111;  J—,  tho  IVtiudiT,  A  ITW;  Ucn.  Tab.  XXUI. 
,laliu*atown,  Va.,  10O7. 
JajiM'uUta,  oppolii'litA  uf  JrMilta  in  Franco,  from  Iti5t>;*  Jan- 

»vn*  A  l<>iS.     UiiU  "  I'lili^onUus"  ii;:uln.«t  tboin,  ITI3. 
JaJuu^  tt'iiiplo  ot,  cliKH.-^!,  — iiS,  — "jy ;  also,  — ".iO,*  and  by  Vca- 

[KLtUn.  71  ,*  6igu  Uiat  Kotuo  had  nu  war. 
Japan,  Hti'. 
Java,  \1\^. 
JilTiTson,  ThoiuaA,  t'citi'd  JUlis  frc^ldcnl,  IsOl ;  A  July  4, 

Jotlia[t|ii<a,  X,  ITi^i. 

Jvua.  K,  Is>6. 

Jouni-r.  Or.  Kdwar\l,  discovers  vacclnatloo;    iutroducos  It, 

I7W;«  ,»  Ivj). 
.Icrvinlah,  — (I^U. 
Jcronio,  St.,  A  ii'i;  author  of  Vulgate  or  Latin  translation  of 

the  Scripturv..*. 
■<■■'■  .  KIngof  Wcstiilialla,  I-<>7,  A  1>«0.« 

•It  -la;  di-slroyiHl  by  Titiw,  7i>;  61«,  W";  In 

I. ....  -.  107fi,  H196.  low.  1H7,  I2-.'T,  l-.'4t. 

Jesuits  (=  -Society  of  Je»u.<" I.  Nvuii,  l.V'r4;«  establlshcil  by 

I'aul  III.,  pope,  IMO;  suppressed,  1773;  revived  by  lias 

VII,  I^14.• 
Jesus,  jv«  Christ. 
Jaiws,  tf^  Jeni.ulein,  —H6,  —63;   Jadsra,  — IMl     lieinrn 

(him  Babylunbui  captivity, —5;J«:*  Jewl.ili  war,  l)i'.-7u; 

revolt,  \Sl  +  ;  pi'rsecnted  with  Chrlstlan^  ■.''«.    Persi- 

cuted  in,  or  eii«'IIed  fritm,  all  Kurx>poan  countries  till  the 

' '  *'  *     "  "       -  .    -    -  -    -    "  ,^,^,.,1  (u  Enffland  fn>m  1^7* 
.in.  ll'J->;»  i.rf.Tl  hl»rty  of 

r     ..  ..    u  In  LngUnJ  till  1S66.«    See 

Israel  '  as. 

Juan  I»ar<-.  •  .1  tncortvctly,  dWre  (or  "of  jVrc"), 

14**,  1 14.il. 
Jobst  •"■  .I.-»n  of  Mormvla,  rival  emperor,  1110,  A  1411; 

.'oun.1. 
•'"I  l-L  Knip,  Da).  »T1.     J— .  of  Encland.  1190, 

i..      liii.    .1-  I,,  r  ■  -  „  iistof 

l^inl,-^  1»16,    J_  II  .  In  y,„g. 

L.n.l       .r_  tS.,  ^..»,t,  I  ,.^.    ,  ,    _.      ...       .;  -      ..-.        - 

•1—  of  .\u.«tria.  natural  *■ 
a  Lep;into,  A  lu7*'.    Tweri*. 
this  nanie. 
John-^on,  l>r.  Samuel,  author,  Irxiroirniphor,  A  1T*I. 
Jincph  I..  Kmp.,  17ii,\    ,1—  IT.  I7f>l.    J—  Bonapute,  Kin; 
of  Naplt.9,  IMH),'  of  ^t»»'".  •"*•  :  .^  1S44.' 

'    •  ..         ■:  ;   p«.ace  of,  Ufa. 


upon  law  ;  they  decided  ui«in  flM-t»  only.    <  ...u- »  ii>v 

liuulo  Judlcea  from  the  »|ullt.s  ;  prv<  iously  they  liaal  bc«u 

fbitn  senators  only. 
Jucurtlia,  — li!.;    JUfc-urlhlne    War,    —111    to    — lixl ;    ,« 

lllempsal. 
Julia,  dauKhler  of  I'a'sar,  wife  of  I'omiK'y,  A  —iA.    Uen.  Tab., 

Cent.  I. 
Julian,  8M,  SCI,  I  8(H. 
Julius  Co'sar,  ««  Cu'sar.    J—  Nepoa,  474.     Toi^  J—  II., 

i:)«3;  *c  Popes. 
JusUu  I.,  51$;  J—  11.,  UU. 
Justinian  I.,  the  Hrvat,  Ml,  and  events  to  SCS. 
Juvenal,  A  llS(?i;  souie  say  lSi,»  Ito.* 


f?7~  -N'anics  bcgtunliii;  ivith  K  or  C  may  b»-  found  under 
t.*,  if  not  here. 

I  Kant,  Inimanuel,  i,-reat  philosopher,  A  l!M>4. 
Karamites,  fer'  Kaniiathlans. 

Karlsm  i=  Chorisnie,  Chowarcsni,  C^irasiuia;  Khorasui  In 
Uppli.cott's  O'azettier;  souie  as  Khiva  nuwj,  KarUmiau^ 

liiA,  ma. 

.  Karl  liencan  for  Charles  ;  Karl  thi«  Great  =  Charlenuurne. 

Karlln»;  line,  the  line  of  i'lmrlenia;;ue;  KurllUk'N  or  Carlo* 
vin^ians  =  de.s4'eudunls  of  Karl,  t.  e.  of  .Martel,  or  of 
Cliarlenuif:ne.  Mayors  of  this  tine,  &-.7>;  kliiKN  7^S  +  ; 
last  liernuui.  A  '."11 ;  last  ^■r\■^cl^  A  'J>7. 
^  Kannathlans.  Cent.  X.,  esjK'clally  t''2t>.  The  faujoua  **  Asaas. 
sins'*  were  a  band  of  Kanualhiaus,  1U9U.* 

Kempis,  Thoiiias  tl,  A  1471. 

Kepler,  John,  astronomer,  A  1A30. 

Khorus.sall,  ^l^. 

Kier<y  ( =  Quercy.  Chlersl,  etc.),  '>7(. 

-KUi:;  li.-ori,Vs  War,"  1711:  "  Klu)f  Philip's  War,"  107:.; 
"KhiB  William's  War."  K.M. 

-  KlnCTiiaker,"  Iticlraor,  4M;  Karl  of  War»lrk,  t  1471. 

Kuhrhts:  St.  John,  or  Hospitalers,  foundt^l,  liiVV;  rvcoft- 
nln.<l  by  authority,  111:1;  uke  lthi«lc.v  18<I7-1.)10:  l«so 
It,  l.V.>->:  Kcl  Malta,  !.'>•«);  dUsolvnl,  1««).»  K—  Tem- 
phr^  UK  11^7;  8nppp..s,«-d.  I3II7-I314.  Teubink- K— , 
establlshwl,  UW  ;  broken  up,  loSi;'  dij 

Knox,  .lohn,  A  l&7'i. 

Knudt  =  Cannte,  luirt. 

K.'il)U;i;rutz  =  S.'whnv.-i,  «  .  1^^. 

*Konn,  book  of  Mohomued's  revelatioi 


''inc. 


.  — 31S,  Ptolemy.    Gen.  Tab.  UI. 


.!.,. 


-l«l 

were  not.  lilLr- 


Loilles'  Peace,  1,V>9. 

Lafonta)'..'   '. 

LacK 

La  H.V.... 

Ijunhrrt.  Kinc  of  luiy  oikI  Emp.,  SW. 

Lamlon  War.  at  Lomla.  — .'HS. 

Lanca.«ter,  House  of;    Henry   IV.,  Kinc  of  KnifUnd,  l:tirj; 

War  of  liosnk,  14MV. 
'  I  and  to  William.  Earl  of 

1  for  Mafnu  Charla. 

1  rs.Table,  Cent.- VIII. 

I..  •  ir.-.?.* 

lAtin!*.  I.Atnim.  rtc  jf/  Rotnc.  Italy,  ctr .  —491,  — &4C,  -.137, 

— ««.    -  I»tln  Emperors,"  IJiti-ISr,!. 
LaroUkr.  rhcmLst.  t  17M. 
Ijtw,  nvIL  Iff  I'lvll  Ijiw. 

I  .    "  1717. 

1  '  U>  -IK": 

.    ..   -: ..       .     .■... ...    !«(»,    ICo*. 


ANALYTICAL    INDEX  TO  THE   HISTORICAL   CHARTS. 


Cambray,  1508;  Catholic,  organized  1576,*  defeated  1590, 
ends  1636;*  Hanseatic,  see  that;  Holy,  1610;  Latin, 
— 401;  Lombard,  11S8,  1167,  1IT6;  Public  Good,  1406; 
Scotch,  lOSS;  Sujaleald,  1531;  Swabian  cities,  1383.  See 
Coalition,  Alliance,  Peace. 

Lecapenus,  lioniauus,  illK. 

Legislation:  of  Solon,  —594;  Lioinius,  —374;  Canuleius, 
— 442;  Publilius  Volero,  — 470;  Decemvirs,  — J51  ; 
Agrarian,  see  that ;  Ogulnian,  —300  ;  of  the  Gracchi 
(=  Sempronian),  —1.38,  —123;  Justinian,  52S. 

Lcgnano,  x,  1176. 

Leibnita,  philosopher,  A  1716. 

Leipsic,  x,1631;  -  Battle  of  the  Nations,"  1813. 

Leo  L,  Emp.,  457;  Leo  IIL,  717,  726;  Leo  IV.,  Ch.azar,  775; 
Leo  TI.,  y86.    Leo  X,,  pope,  1513. 

Leon,  kingdom  of  (=  Asturias,  (Jviedo),  757,  1072,  1157, 1230. 

*Leonidas,  — 4S0,  at  Thormopyla;. 

Leopold  I.,  166>;  L—  IL,  17U0. 

Lepanto,  d,  1571. 

Lepidus,  M.  uEmilius,  — 43,  — 36,  ;:^  —12. 

Lessing.  poet,  critic,  A  17S1. 

Lettic,  Table,  Cent.  — VUI. 

Leuctra,  x ,  — 371. 

Lewes,  x ,  1264. 

Lewis  {see  also  Louis  for  those  of  France,  etc  ),  the  German, 
&40;  of  Sa.\-ony,  S76 ;  L—  liL,  the  Child,  last  Karliug, 
899-911;  I^IV.,  1814. 

Libius  Severus,  461. 

Library,  Alexandrian,  part  burned  in  Caesar  s  struggle,  — 4S;* 
the  rest  by  mob,  ;3aO;  640  (?).  Whatever  was  burned  in 
040  was  prob.ably  a  small  monkish  collection. 

Licinius,  Stolo,  Lieinian  law,  —374,  —364.  Licir^ius,  Emp., 
307,  311,  314,  822,  t  324. 

Ligurian  Wars,  —103  to  — 114. 

Lincoln,  Abraham.  1861, 1 1805. 

Linna'Us  {=  Linnet,  Charles,  1778. 

Lisbon  earthquake,  see  Earthquake. 

Lithuanians.  T.ible,  Cent.  — Vni. 

Liuti>rand,  historian,  bishop,  A  070  ;  a  noted  Lombard  king, 
*712-744. 

Livy,  A  17. 

Locke.  .Tohn,  philosopher,  1704. 

Locrian  Sacred  War,  -  330. 

Lombards,  Lombardy  :  Table.  Cent.  —VIII.;  526.  508,  uo'e; 
Cent.  TIL,  752,  774. 

London:  plague,  1348,  1005;  fire,  1066. 

Longimanus,  — 465. 

LoDginus,  A  273. 

Lords,  House  of,  lOlii ;  see  Parliament.  The  early  parlia- 
ments, so  called,  were  not  representative,  but  composed 
only  of  men  of  rank. 

Lorraine,  King  of,  855;  Duke  becomes  emperor.  1745.  Lor- 
raine was  part  of  empire  till  1542;*  joined  France,  1766.* 
Gen.  Tab,  XIX. 

Lothau-  L,  Emp.,  S40  ;  L—  11..  Emp..  Duke  of  Sa.fony.  1125; 
L —  n.,  Lorraine,  855 ;  I^-,  King  of  France,  9.>4. 

Louis  (see  Lewis  for  Germans,  etc.)  I.,  Emperor,  814.  Of 
France,  L—  IL,  877;  L—  III..  879  ;  I^  IV.,  936;  L— 
v.,  986 ;  L-  VL,  1108 ;  L—  VII.,  1137, 1140  ;  L—  Vin., 
1223;  L— IX.,  St.  Louis.  1226.  1248,1270:  L— X.,1314; 
L—  XL,  1401  ;  L—  XII.,  1498;  L— XIII..  1610;  L— 
XIV.,  104:3,  and  events  to  1715;  I^  XV..  1715  ;  L— 
XVL,  1774,  1793;  L—  XVII.,  never  reigned,  A  1794; 
L—  X\ln.,  1814  ;  L—  Philippe,  of  Orlean.s,  1S30-184S. 
L—  11..  Italy.  855  ;  L —  I..  Hungary,  of  House  of  Anjou, 
1342.  1370;  L—  the  Blind.  Provence,  887;  L—  Bona- 
parte, King  of  Holland.  1800.  A  1846;*  Louis  Napoleon 
(=  Napoleon  III.),  1851, 1870,  A  1873. 


Louisburg.  1745. 

Louisiana,  1803. 

Loyola,  Ignatius  (St.),  founder  of  Jesuits,  see  that,  A  1550. 

Lucian,  A  182. 

Lucretiu.s,  —52  or  — 55  (?). 

Lusitanian  War,  — 140. 

Luther  at  Worms,  1521;  A  1546;  see  Ecformation. 

Lutter,  X ,  1626. 

Lutzen,  x,  1632. 

Luxemburg  emperors :  Henry  VIL,  Charles  IV.,  Wenzel, 
Sigismund,  ivJiich  see. 

Lycurgus,  institutions  end,  —188.  Lycurgus  was  of  un- 
known date  and  deeds,  or  mythical ;  revised  laws  of 
Sparta  (»). 

Lydia.  —800,  —724,  —COO,  —020,  —615,  —554.  Sai  Sardis, 
Gyges,  and  kings  following. 

*Lydiadas,  see  Achaean  League. 

Lyons,  x ,  197. 

*Lysandcr,  in  Peloponnesian  War,  —407  ;*  took  Athens,  —404 ; 
t  -395.* 

Lytton  Buhver,  novelist,  A  1872. 

M 

Macaulay,  Thomas  B.,  A  18.V.),  critic  and  historian. 

Macbeth,  10:39. 

Maccabees,  —100,  -160. 

Maeedon:  kings,  —359  to  —323;  —310  to  — 2S7;  —277  to 
—108.  Events,  frequent, —359  to —148.  Goths  ravage, 
256,  258,  395.  Wars  with  Home:  first,  —214;  second, 
—200 ;  third,  -171  ;  fom-th,  —148.  See  Greece,  Philip, 
Alexander,  Diadochi. 

*Machiavel,  Nicholas,  i)oIiticaI  writer,  A  1527,  age  58, 

Macrinus,  217. 

Madison,  1809  ;  A  1836.* 

"Mail  Parliament,"  12,58. 

Magellan's  circumnavigation,  1519-1522  ;  t  1521.* 

Mag'  nta,  x ,  1859. 

Magna  Charta,  1216  ;  pledge  of  King  John  to  abstain  from 
acts  of  tyranny,  enforced  upon  him  and  bis  successors  ; 
see  Langton;  under  Popes,  see  Innocent  III. 

Magnentius,  usurper,  350. 

Magnesia,  x,— 190. 

Magyars,  Table,  Cent.  — VIII. ;  same  .as  Hungarians  of  Cen- 
turies I.X.  and  X.;  see  that  title. 

Mahmoud  of  Ghizni,  997. 

Maimonides  (=  Maimun),  A  1209,  or  1204  (i). 

M.tjorian,  4.57. 

Malek  Shah,  1072. 

Malplaquet,  x ,  1709. 

Malta,  1630  ;  taken  by  England,  1801.* 

Mamelukes  (=  Memlooks,  i.  e.  captives,  soldiers  made  ol 
captives).  1250,  1208,  1291,  1517. 

Manchester  Eailway,  1830. 

Manilas,  saved  Eome,  -388  ;*  +  381  (?). 

Mantineia,  — 418.  —362. 

Manzikert  (or  Malaskerd,  in  Spruner's  Atlas  ;  various  spell- 
ings), x,1071. 

Mar,  Earl,  rebels,  1715. 

Marathon,  x,— 490. 

March,  Sp.anish  (i.  e.  border-hand  iji  Spain!,  778. 

Marcian,  450. 

Marcomanni,  167-1-. 

Mardonius,  — 492  ;  t  —479  at  Plat^ea. 

Marengo,  x ,  1800. 

Margaret:  of  Anjou,  1445,  1471,  1475,  A  1482;*  M—,  Queen 
of  Denmark.  Sweden,  and  Norway,  1387. 

Maria  Theres.a,  1740  ;  Queen  of  Hungary  and  Archduchess  of 


64 


ANALYTICAL   INDEX   TO   THE   IIISTUKICAL   CUAKTS. 


AMtha;   not  (juiwn  of  Gtrmany;  cmiircM,  «ftfr  bt>r 

hu:ht>alld  wu  vlt'ctvij. 
MorlKuunu,  * .  1S13, 
Marlua,  Ciliu ;  i-alM  third  founilcr  of  Kouic  aftor  battle  of 

Vi'twlta;:  — lOI,  -10-.',  — lul,  — ^^  —t't,  -^<i 
Maribun-ak-h  (=  Joim  C'hiuvhlll),  Uuko  of,  llvi,  I'fi ;  tot- 

tl«  of,  i;i«,  17o«,  ITUS.  ITW. 
Min.lll.«.  fuundiJ  tiy  PbocmuM.  — (00. 
.M:ir--t"ii  M'jor,  x  .  104*. 
Marti-'UI.  c,  the  llaiumer),  t'h»rlo«,  Ilit-. 
Martial,  ,i  li>4  (7). 
Martin  I.,  |«>|»,  64!). 
Mary  I.,  yuivn  of  Enfflinil,  1.W1.    M—   II.,   16-'U,  A  1«'>». 

M— ,  tjuci'Q  of  Souti,  im,  di'iKjavd  IM7,  Lttivadi.'d  l&»i. 
MaryUnd.  |c»l. 
MaMarru :  Itanr.i  In  KoKlaod.  lOOS ;  Gleocw,*  lej-J ;  SL  Uar- 

tholorm-wa  Day.  1ST3;  SIclllao  Vi-ipit*,  aft  SIcUy.  ISSJ; 

riu  .v«alouli.'a,  3!K). 
Maatir  of  Knli;lit.i  {=  Moslslcr  Ei)uUuiii.  Ileutouiuit  of  a  die- 

tatori.  Ilrsl  pkUUin.  — .SM. 
Matilda,  of  KDcland.  IHti;  of  Tuscany,  S  1115.    OciLTabloa 

XXl.,  VIII. 
Matthla*,  KioiHTor,  li<l3     M—  Cortious  llunladca,  aon  of 

Johu  HuDladcs,  Klui;  of  lluo^iary,  U&S-l'iVU. 
ilauricf,  ^^3. 
Mrn.-ntiin,  *>6. 
Miixlnil.in.  i>d,  SOi,  3^6.  t  810, 
Miuliulllan  I.,  UV»;  M—  II.,  1564. 
Mulmln,  SaS,  flrst  barbarian  t'm|wnir;  M—  II.,  **. 
.Ma.\linus,  S-'S:  M—  II.,  V'^:  also  I'u|iU'nii.i.  Mai.,  liSS. 
Mayan  of  Paluv,  Frank,  Karling  Uno,  to7-7JJ.    Ocn.  Tab.  V. 
Mazirin,  Canllnal.  1(;I2,  ,^  \f^. 
"  Mi>al-tub  Plot,"  16i9,  aootlirr  luip<»tur«. 
Mi'cm,  Via. 
Midiv,  Media;  Table,  Cent.  —VIII  ;  -Til,  -«J8,  — «», 

— <l^  -,vv,  — 16». 

M.-dl.l.  I^"--:  Lorvnzo,  A  U9i;  bi»  soo  Jobo,  rope  Lro  S-, 

l.'il  1. 
.M.v.il"l»>lis,  —370. 

MeUiH-hthoii  (rval  name  Schwarb.-rd).  A  156<J. 
Mirino  fhecp,  note.  Cent.  XIV. 
MerovlDi;^  or  Mi'rovlntriaD.r  Frank  kl.lR«  of  line  of  Clot'ls, 

♦■16-7.VJ.  Dagobert  I.,  f>i-i:  note.  Cent.  VII. 
Mi-rriiimc.  X^i ;  called  by  the  <  'onfcderales  "  Virginia." 
M.r-..  l.uru.  H  ,  983. 
MvsupotAiuia,  part  of  As.4yrian  Ktnplre,  Babylonian,  IVrslaji, 

etc.;  #f^  Kamiathlanii,  note.  Cent.  X. 
MoMene,  .MeMcnlans;    Ihyric   Creaks;   -743,  — fr<5,  — 161, 

— 370,  —361 ;  McMenlan  wars  are  always  acmlnst  I^porta. 
Metauru.s  x.  — 3*^7;  decisive  battle  of  scoind  l*ualc  War. 
Mexico:  Cortei  cun.|ueT«,  IM9:  War,  I'nited  SUtea,  l»4a  ; 

French  Dsnrpation.  l-<4il. 
•.M  "        ^  .nously  dated  ;  In  round  nninb«r«,  AOO-ISOO, 

U  the  barbarian  posMaaion  of  W.  Europe; 

«iii;.  ■    '    -    ■  --  *  -    -    --  ' '       r,r- 

ery  <  :  ;ne 

say  47  1.     ,  ;  (aU 

of  the  K.  Emplrv.  Ilallaiu  doles  them  at  IliM.  fkt 
Dark  .\i^>9. 

Milan  :  Kilicl  of.  313 ;  mnl  as  mldct>cc  by  empciurt.  &<>*  to 
403  ;'  fn-e  city  In  middle  affci. 

Miletus.  — 4M. 

MUtia<l>-s.  A  -  4'-!>.  commanlcr  at  Marathon. 

Mllt'^n.  .lohn.  poet  aod  sulramao,  ,:k  1674. 

Mml.n,    .  ,  17.V). 

*^liral«  .lu.  Fn^nch  orator  and  slateaman.  A  1791.  atfi-  4i. 

.Muui.v'ippi:  river  dlMonrtd.  IMl;  ejipkiml,  Ifel.  M- 
schenjc,  Mv  Law. 


Missouri  I'ompiumlac,  IsAi,  1>M, 
I  Mithnulates  (or  MIthrldales)  l>arthia,  -174  to  — IM;  U— 
I  VI.,  I'outua,  —  I'^O  to — <5a;  wars  with  iluiuo,  — »»%  — eS^ 

—74. 
I  Uilylene,  »cc  rittacus :  — 12-1,  —147. 
Moauiah,  Ursl  (hnuibde  eatif,  tjfil. 
MiMla,  «■<■  DanuU- ;  ^l,  4.M,  4M.  i'*0. 
Moti'uls   In    India.   lA.'ti,   l^.'>0;    Ihoae  ao  called  were   really 

Turks,  dilTervnt  from  Muii(,'ola,  q.  v. 
Mohaca,  < ,  liii. 

Mohammed  (=   Mahomet;    Mahlnoud,  .Muhnmed,  etc.,  are 
tile   aauie   nalllel,  U»,  SIO,  6ti,  fii-tiSi       Muhauimed 
Mehdi,  775, 
Molierr,  drauiatist,  A  1C73. 
MollHiU,  «,  1741. 
Moneols,  Table,  CeuL -VIII..  IJufl,  lslO-1227,  1224,  12a«, 

12i». 
Monitor,  tattle  with  Merriniar,  ImVJ 
'Monks,  Monasteries,  «rc  Antony,  ^L 
Monmouth's  retwlliuu,  ItibA. 
.MuuUlgue,  A  IS'.>2. 
Montesquieu,  pUlloNipbLT,  A  1755. 

.Montfurt,  Simon,  father.  1 12U;  aon.  1 12C5;  fuuuder  of  tho 

"  House  of  Commons." 
.Montlhirl,  x ,  14lx'>. 
Mount.    MiMjrish    klnplom  ;    Mf    .Mmotudes,   Aluioravidca, 

Wn.  1237,  14'<2-llll2  ;  e.\|K.>lle.l.  ld<>;i+. 
Morea  (=  Pelop^mneaus).  so  named  about  7U»  (!),*  1715. 
Mori;arten,  x,  18I.V 

.Moree  telegraph,  ls44  ;  M-,  »,  F.  D.  A  1S72.» 
Mortimer,  paramour  of  4juc\'n  Isabella,  Ko^lahd,  1 1826. 
Moscow,  burnt,  lsl2. 
Mozart,  musical  composer,  A  17U1. 
Mooda,  X,  — 15. 

Murad  (=  Amuntli)  I.,  Turk,  I8.VI. 
Mural,  Kllik'  of  Naple.\  IMW.  +  l^li. 
Musa  (=  Moses),  general,  711 ;  .Musa  ol  IladI,  7b5. 
Myeale,  □,— 4T». 
.Myla-.  o .  -200. 
Mysore,  17G1, 


M 


Nabonawar,  —747  :  Me  Era. 

Nabop4ila.ssar.  — 62A. 

Na.llr  Shah.  ITS*.  1T»9. 

N'aiNsus,  X  .  "ifO. 

Nantes,  Edict,  l.W*.  IRsV 

Naples,  part  ol  N'unnan  kinffdom  of  Sicily,  when  taken  by 
Charles  of  An>in.  I2A.N;  France  and  .'>|ialn  take,  l.tul ; 
Spain  ffeta,  I.'mU;  under  Spain  or  HpaoiAh  family  ninsUy, 
Ull  II  ends,  1>«0.     Munt  klnc.  fv^.    Ccn.  Tab  XVII 

Napoleon  I.,  Bonaparte:  flr^t  cau)|»al];n,  ITV*"-;  consul  l-a>2, 
emin'n>r  Wti5;  marriage  to  Austrian  prince**  Maria 
Louisa.  I'ilO;  to  KIta.  l-il4:  l.-aten.  Waterloo,  I'^lj  ,  to 
St  llekna;  A  1-21.  N—  III..  1->.M.  1-70.  A  1^73  N- 
II..  son  of  N—  I.,  never  reigned ;  A  1SS2.* 

Sarbonne.  'TO. 

Nanus.  .VI-.  .'.70. 

Narva,  x .  17i>n. 

Naseby,  > .  \<M 

*Nasica,  r.  Cornelius  Sclpio,  W-«l  mub  to  murder  (jncchua, 
-133.    (ien.  Tab.  Cent  —II. 

N    ,;i.tu»,  -217. 
:..!.  r.  1-27. 

>..-Arr',,  klnffilom  rt«c*.  ^&-.  Henry  111.  of  Navarrr  iN* 
roniea  Henry  IV.  ol  Frann-.  IX>:  but  FefdlaaBd  V. 
had  takcD  ^fMHiah  Navarrv.  1513,* 


66 


ANAi^YTICAL   INDEX   TO   THE   HISTORICAL   CHARTS. 


Navigation  Act,  1G51.  English. 

Nebuchadnezzar,  — GOi  to  — 5G1  ;  insane,  after  — bGO.* 

Necho,  Pharaoh,  — fjlO  ;  see  Africa. 

Negro  slavery,  in  United  States,  IGIO ;  see  Abolition. 

Nelson,  Horatio:   Nile,  1T9S  ;  Copenhagen,  l&Lil ;  Trafalgar, 

t 1805. 
Nepos,  Julius,  474. 
Nero,  54, 51>,  etc. ;  Gen.  Tab.,  Cent.  1. 
Nerva,  9G;  first  of  "  Good  Emperors." 
Netherlands,  15G0,  1635,  1659  ;  see  Holland,  Dutch,  Belgium, 

Flanders. 
Neville's  Cross,  x  ,  1346. 
New  Amsterdam,  1614. 
*New  England:  settlements,  etc.,  Cent.  XVII.,  second  page 

of  it. 
New  Netherlands  (=  New  York),  1GG4. 
New  Orleans,  x,1815. 
New  Style,  15S2  iu  Catholic  countries,  calling  Octolicr  5th  tho 

15th  ;  in  England,  1752,  calling  September  Sd  tlie  14th. 
New  Testament,  Wiclif 's.  1380. 
New  York  =  New  Amsterdam  or  New  NeLherlaiids,  which 

see, 
Newton,  Sir  Isaac,  scientist,  A  1727. 
Ney,  Marshal,  1 1SI5. 
Nicaea  =  Nice,  below. 
Nicator  =  Seleucus  1.,  —312. 
Nice  {=  Nica-a),  258,  325, 109T. 
Nicephorus.  Phocas,  963. 
Nicholas,  Czar,  1625. 

Nicias,  Athenian  general  and  politician,  — (21,  t  —413.* 
Nicopohs,  X ,  1396. 
Niebuhr,  B.  G.,  historian,  A  1831. 
Nile,  D,  1798. 

Nimegucn,  Nimwegen,  1678. 
Nineveh,  —625,  capital  of  Assyria. 
Nismes,  1629. 
Nordlingen,  x,  1634, 1645. 
Normandy,  Normans,  Table,  Cent.  — VIII.;  pir.icios,  note. 

Cent.  IX.     In  France,  845,  856,  861,  885,  912,  120S-1214. 

In  Italy.  1029, 1U40, 1053,  1061-1072  ;  see  Sicily.    In  Eng- 
land, 1006.    liobert  the  Devil,  1035. 
Northampton,  x ,  1460. 
Northern  Alliance,  1690;    northern  powers,  1700,  H^^O  (i.  c, 

Denmark,  Sweden,  Norway,  and  Kussia). 
Northmen,  pirates  or  settlers  from  the  Baltic  and  Norway ; 

see  Danes,  Normandy.    Those  who  settled  iu  Normandy 

were  the  Normans. 
Norway,  see  Calmar,  Margaret,  Northern. 
Novgorod.  862  ;  a  great  free  republican  city  in  1400  ;*  joined 

llanso  League. 
Nullification,  1S82. 
Numantia,  —133. 
Numerian,  283. 
♦Numidia,  country  of  Jugurtha,  which  see. 


Ochus,  —359. 

Octavius,  Octavianus,  see  Augustus. 

Odenatus,  264. 

Odo  =  Eudes,  SSS. 

Odoacer,  47G-493. 

(Enophyta.  x ,  — 456. 

Ogulnian  Law,  —300. 

Olaf  I.,  Trygrason,  King  of  Norway,  attacks  Loudon,  994. 

*OIiva,  see  Peace. 

Olybrius,  472. 

Olympiad  :  a  period  of  four  year^  between  celebrations  of 


01ymi)ic  games,  which  began  regularly  in  770ii.  c.    Era 
of  Olympiads  began  then. 

Olympic  games,  see  Olympiads :  abolished,  894. 

Olynthiau  War,  Sparta  vs.  Olynthus,  — 3y2, 

Oinar,  G34. 

Ommiades.  661 ;  in  Spam,  755 ,  see  Califs. 

Opium  War,  1839. 

Origen,  253. 

Orleans,  x,1429.  Houses  of  Orleans:  I.  Branch  of  Volois, 
from  which  was  Louis  XII..  1498;  2.  Branch  of  Bour- 
bons, from  which  was  Louis  l'hilii)pe,  ISiO. 

Ostracism,  an  Athenian  mode  of  exiling,  for  ten  years  only,  a 
defeated  political  leader  ;  not  projirrly  banishment,  which 
was  for  crime  ;  —482,  —471,  — 4G1  ;  it  was  used  less  than 
a  century. 
,  Ostrogoths,  see  Goths.    453,  475,  4S9.  508,  535-553. 

Othman,  emir,  12SS;*  independent  of  Iconium  (q.  v.),  1299; 
O— ,  the  Cahf,  644.    See  Ottoman  Turks. 

Otho,  Roman  Emperor.  69.  Of  Germany ;  Otho  {=  Otto)  I.. 
936,  951,  955,  9G1,  962  ;  O—  II.,  973;  O—  IIL,  983;  O— 
IV..  1198,  1214. 

Ottoman  Turks,  those  following  Othman  (i-(?vo?'e)  and  his  suc- 
cessors; 1299.  1343:  1359,  1389;  1401,1402;  1444;  take 
Conetantinopio,  1453-,  Solyman  (=  Solomon),  1520; 
highest  power,  about  1550;  1517;  get  Khodcs.  1522; 
1526,  1571.  1573;  lft45,  1609;  1682,1683;  1715-1718. 
1723,  war  with  Persia;  1627,  1876;  Greek  revolt,  1821- 
1830. 

Oudennrde,  x,  1703. 

Ovid,  A  IS. 

Oviedo,  city  and  kingdom,  718. 

Oxford:  university,  888;  parliament,  1258. 


Pacific,  Drake's  exploration,  1578,  1579. 

Pacification  of  Nisraes,  1629. 

Paganism :  restored,  361 ;  abolished,  385. 

Paine.  Thomas,  political  writer,  A  1809. 

Palestine  ;  see  Crusades,  Syria,  Juda:^a,  Jews,  Jerusalem. 

Palmyra,  264. 

Pandects,  528-533. 

Pannonia,  526.  568. 

Panormus.  x,  —250. 

Paoli,  Pascal,  Corsican  patriot,  A  1S07. 

Papacy,  see  Popes.    First  papal  territory,  755 ;   height  of 

power,  1200;   secular   authority  affirmed   by  the   bull 

"  Unam  Sanctam,"  1303;   moved  to  Avignon,  1309  till 

1376  ;  "  the  Great  Schism,''  1376-1429. 
Paper  (invention  brought  west  by  Saracens),  note,  Cent. 

XIV. 
Papinian,  +  212. 
Paris  :  Northmen  attack  or  take,  845,  856,  S61,  885 ;  Peace  of, 

1763  ;  Germans  take,  1871.    P —  was  not  generally  the 

royal  residence  before  Hugh  Capet. 
Parhament;  see  Lords,  Montfort ;  1248;  12G6;  lime  of  Ed- 
ward  III.;   tho   Long  Parhament,  1640-1G53;   war  vs. 

king,  1642+  ;  House  of  Lords  abolished,  1649,  till  Chai-lcs 

II.;  reform,  1832. 
Parthia,  —255,  -174,  -54,  -53,  -40,  —36;  63,  115,  117. 

161,  16G,  195;  226,  ends. 
Partition,  see  Poland. 
Pascal,  Blaise,  philosopher,  etc.,  A  1662. 
Passau.  Peace.  1552. 
Patay,  x ,  1429. 
Patrick,  St.,  see  about  460. 
Paul,  St..  t  63. 
Pavia,  Lombard  capital.  572  ;*  battle,  1525. 


66 


AXAl.YTICAL   INPEX   TO   THE   IIISTOUICAL  CllAKTS. 


Pi'aee:  tit  Alllanco,  Coallllun,  IjmKUi-,  Paclllcatlim,  Pr»«- 
iniilc  Sioi-tion,  Trvaty,  Trmv.  Of  AUli>Cti»i'>ll>-, 
ltf<>\»  France  and  S^ialn  acttio  ti-rrilun',  IT^"-:  AuiU'U*, 
\trl\  Amu,  I43i;  lirilUruy.  ISO";  Itruu.liiilum,  — 10,- 
Callias,  In  Tlicbaa  War,  — ftTi  ;  I'lmitimy,  lliV ;  t'au-au 
Canibri'slJ,  IJM;  Clulun,  — Hl>;  I'onstaiioc,  HbS;  l'r\-»- 
py.  1%M  ;  "  yaJj4)  jx-oco  "  lu  PcloiiotinoslAO  War  =  trtlco 
of  XlclM,  — lil;  lihcnt,  IsU;  IIutK'rtaburi;,  ITOl: 
Lailloa',  IWJ;  Luncvlllr,*  1?01,  Frvocb  Ko|mblic  and 
Empln-;  Sau|«iclm,  — 21T  ;  NUiues,  162V ;  ollvn.»  ICtk), 
OQ  S'%%eUl3li  suocfMlon,  territory,  lntl»-|it.'Utlonc\'  >^i  l*rua- 
•la,  Utwivn  Swi'J.n,  I'olanJ,  Kmpln\ and  Uraudonburi; ; 
Paris  niB ;  to  fciilo  ri'iulis  of  Krvnih  Uivolutlon  and 
Naiwlciu's  wan,"  IsU,  1-IJ,  1^1'  ;  ISM,*  ends  Criniiau 
War;  Pa.«au,  IMi;  Pjroniws,  ICM;  Ryswick,  Ifi'JT; 
"Thirty  Years',"  — H5;  Tilsit,  l-i<>I;  lUrwht,  i;i:i; 
VcnlUD,  548;  VorsallUs,*  ITS'),  closlDi;  wars  of  Auu'rican 
lndi!pondtfnc« ;  Vervains,  lli>^;  Westphalia,  IWS. 

Peaunta'  losurrvvtlans:  Kngland,  ISsl ;  Ftancv,  I3&3;  (Scr- 
many,  lAir*. 

PclasKlc,  Tabic,  Cent.  —VIII.  (Means  there  the  common  an- 
ci'.4try  of  itn.>eks  and  Latins.) 

P.by...  ;h. 

1'.  l-n  ! ,,,  Thiban  ffeneral,  A  — 8<i3. 

IV1m|h,iiii.-5U5  (modvrnly  Morea,  t\,  v.\\  te^  Sparta,  and  other 
countries;  —181  to  — IIM ;  — Siilto-SCI;  —370,  etc.; 

P,  lii-'iM.  -69^:  x,-K3. 

r  :ji-ijr:    Italy,   — 3il5 ;    war,   l?OS;   ounpaipi,    Unllod 


1' 
P... 


_,  «3i  ;  Pepin  the  Short,  T41,  752,  TM,  7M, 


•30. 


Percy  P.ebelllon,  I40S. 

Pertraiuus,  — 143;  klnRdom  ft>ande<l,«  —289. 
Perlander,  — <KI,  Table, tVnL  —VI. 
Pericles,  —161,  — 1». 

Persecutions:  Table  of  Ten.  Cent  II.  Freiinent  fh)m  the 
V  '  ■   '>nward,  especially  1tVN%:   te*   Toleration, 

.'iristians,  Arians,  Tonjuemada. 

r.r-.  .    -  ...- 

p.  r-iL  r.nlins.  Tabic,  Cnt.  —VIII.;  foanded,  —,«.•*;  m 
1  .  r/.mes  followln?  to  —880;  —Mi.  — SH.  — .VH ;  Kreat 
«  ir  with  Crrwks,  -aoi,  — 5l>\  —191;  — 1«  to  — M9, 
iiijiiy  events;  —101,  —899  to  —85":  war  with  Aleian- 
der.  —.SSI  to  —881;  kln»,  — U8  to  — 88<).  ParthU  gels 
the  territory  ab.)Ut  -161.*  Persia  and  Rome,  K6,  MI, 
gM,  2>l.  8:J6,  363,  Sli:  .V21,  MO.  .■.71.  6i«-<SS;  takes  .leru- 
sa]etn,6U:  lleractlus  invades,  6'i2;  taken  by  Saracens, 
fti.>-<V)l;  Turks,  li«5;  I7il,  ITSil. 

r.  r:;:.n.  193. 

I',  rw,  IMl. 

Peseennlus  Xteer,  1 191.  rival  of  :ieptlmlas. 

PelM  the  Orval,  IS*.';  the  Ilemilt,  1115;  3L  Peter's  ehureh 
beirun  louti,  HnLihed  l<<ll. 

Peterwardeln,  «.  I71l>. 

IVtiti  .11  ..f  Kkbt,  llM!". 

r.rnr.  1.  A  1874. 

l-hir.  .::.!.    <  .  — H. 

I":.;  !.<    -t  .• 

rh!.l.n     IM..    : ml.  — 7-^. 

Philip:  of  Mj<'.^lon.  P-  lU  — 8.V):  P—  V.,  — ??«:  Rome, 
■iU:  Germany,  11**;  Franrc.  P-  I,  IO*i ;  P—  lU 
JlrO,  11-0.  liltUljU  :  P—  III.,  IS7n;  P-  IV..  IJA 
I»ii-1.3<W;  P—  v..  laiti;  P—  VI..  IS*i:  I»ub  Philippe. 
!%<)■)>  :  »fa\n  and  Nrtherlanda,  P—  II..  ISM >  ;  North 
.Vmerican  Imlian,  1675. 

Phlllppl.  — K 


Phlliiwnien,  — IS^  t  — iJi. 

Pboeatuis,  — MO. 

Ph.«Tis,  (ifi  ;  Nicephorus  P— ,  968. 

Phuelan  Sacrvd  War,  — 8i7. 

Phcion, -»17. 

Phdrnicla.    Table,  Cent  — VUI. ;  note,  same  century;  note 

under  Sarvon ;  note,  I'cnL  —VII.;  «*  Tyr**,  Carlha4,'e. 
*Photlua,  |K)lltlclan,  learnM  voluminous  Mriler,  Patriarch  of 

Constantinople  ;    bel|H.Hl  to  make  the  rupture'  bctwwu 

the  Cmt'k  and  Roman  Chuirhea,  !>(I7  ;  A  ^VU  t*). 
Pindar  (Thebani,  — M2. 
Jlrates;  I'oiiipey's  War,  — 67;   Danish  and  Norman,  CenU 

IX.;  uf  Alfc-ieni,  IMS,  IM7. 
PUa,  llouriahlnB  city  by  978;*  Rains  ijanllnla  and  Corsloa, 

103U;  constant  wars  w-ltb  Genoa;   loeea  independence, 

taken  by  Florence,  H06.» 
Plsistratu-s  ttt  Uipplas  ;  -500  to  — ;.27. 
Pitt,  W  lllliuu  (SOU  of  Iltt,  Lord  Cbathaiu, «  bo  A  I77S),atak«- 

nian,  A  IS.HJ. 
Plttacus,  Table,  Cent.  VI. 
Plus  II.,  A  1404 ;  «c  Po;k's. 
PbnnUa,  Wii. 
Plattue:  Athens,  — »*) ;  Roman  Empln\  160+  ;  Italy,  1.140, 

181S,  Loudon,  I84!<,  1663. 
PluntageneU :  Knitlbb  myal  family,  IIM;  Votk  and  Lan- 
caster were  brunches.    Oen.  Tables  XXI.,  X\IL 
PUssey,  X ,  1767. 
Platam  X,— l?J;  -429,  -427. 
PUto,  -847. 
PleULr        "  1!        —  ^  who  wer%'  n-u  -.i  ■    "   '  ""    1 

|k>  latter  at  tln>t  ha.l 

—1-..  -'J,  —SIS.  — *a»,  -       , 

tlnctlon  rapidly  Itecatne  unlmi>ortant  fhiin  — *1U. 
Pliny,  the  Elder,  79;  the  Vonneer.  II". 
-Plots":  piniKjwder,  IC05;  popish,  1679:   Meal-tub,  1679; 

Rye-bouse,  16s8. 
Plutarch.  A  121. 
Plynioulh,  .Ma.ss..  1620. 
Poitiers,  X ,  13,V1. 
Poland,  Poles:  Table,  Cent  —VIII.     KUo.  KM,  Cwlmlr. 

1838;  Louis,  creat  kinrtlom.  l.'<7n;  Varna.  J444:   Slpl^ 

mund,  height  of  power,  I.'JM*,;  Pnl«*U  inde[-'riib  tit,  ICtT; 

Sohleskl,    1674,   K.-s'l;    KU-<-llon    War.    17:1-.:    iartltl.>nr>, 

1772,  1793, 179.%;  Insumclloo,  l-*i. 
Pollentia,  x,408. 
Pok>.  Marco,  VeneUan,  A  1324. 
PolyMos.  A  —124. 
Pomp.."  "         :■!)(-»*,  mlstres.*  ol    l>-.iii4   ,\V..  of  pprat 

1-  .  A  1764. 

Pomi-  ...                  .  nJ  an<l  due  oat,  ttom  1721*  onward. 
P.in;,  V  -c:,  -.V,,  _«s.  —60,  —*•*:  Sexlua  P— .  — 8»,  — 3« 
I'.iriti.!.-'*  r,>n»piriry.  1768, 
PontilTs.  pk'belan,  —800. 
PontlQS,  ralu.«.  ?aronlte,  — SW 
Pontus.  m^  Mlthrailates. 
Pope,  .Mcvander  pocL  A  1744. 
Pope. :  ■ 


1R7I.     .' 

Onirory  I 

642-649;  Manin  1..6«»-<v.«:  liretpcy 

Leo  III.  In  T-^nf^Vi^f 'T    t  >  #*rtntf"Tff 

781-741.  • 

prince.   : 


II.  arainyl   K.iup. 
Ill  . 


VII  . 

t»il<.l 


67 


ANALYTICAL  INDEX  TO  THE  HISTOPJCAL  CHARTS. 


crnsades;  Adrian  IV.,*  1154-1159,  haughty,  the  oDly 
English  pope;  Alexander  III.,*  learned,  able,  opposed 
Fredericli  Barbarossa,  3159-llSl;  Innocent  III.,  1111.^ 
1216,  guardian  of  Frederick  II.,  opposed  Phiiii)  Augus- 
tus and  John,  condemned  Magna  Charta,  most  power- 
ful of  all  popes  ;  Honorius  III.,  1216-1'^"27,  urged  crusade 
rs.  Albigenses;  Gregory  IX.,  1227-1241,  struggle  with 
Frederick  II.,  more  crusades.  j 

Innocent  IV.,  1243-1254,  struggle  with  Frederick  II.  ; 
and  Conrad  IV. ;  Boniface  VIII.,  1294-1303,  bull  I'nam  [ 
A/«c^am,  struggle  with  Philip  IV.;  Clement  V.,*  1305-  ' 
1314,  carried  papacy  to  Avignon,  persecuted  the  Tem- 
plars ;  John  XXII.,*  13HJ-1334,  pohtieian,  active;  Greg- 
orj'  XI.,*  1370-13TS,  went  back  to  Konie  from  Avignon,  I 
condemned  Wielif;    Pius  II..  145S-1464,   scholar,  diplo-  | 
matist ;  Alexander  VI.,  Borgia,  1492-1503.  proHigate,  in- 
human, unscrupulous;  Julius  II.,  1503-1513,  great  poli- 
tician, began  St.  Peter's;  Leo  X..  151-3-1521,  prodigal, 
magnificent,  indirectly  caused  the  Reformation ;    Pius 
V.,*  156C-1572,  had  been  Graud-Inquisitor,  persecutor, 
haughty,  severe ;    Gregory    XIII.,   1572-1585,    learned, 
zealous,  reformed  calendar;  Sixtus  V.,  1585-1590,  vigor- 
ous, politician,  and  politic,  patron  of  learning,   public 
works;    Clement  XIV.,  Gangunelli,  1709-1775.    liberal, 
suppressed  Jesuits;    Pius  VII.,*  lSOO-1823,  captive  to 
Napoleon,  revived  Jesuits;  Pius  IX.,*  1S4G,  reigning  now. 
of  excellent  character,  first  who  has  filled  the  place  more 
than  twL-nty-five  years. 

Observe,  the  best  popes  are  likely  to  be  least  notable, 
hence  not  listed. 

"  Popish  plot"  {an  imposturel,  1673. 

Porpliyrogenitus  =  Constantine  VII.,  911. 

Portugal:  1139  ;  Emanuel  I.,  1495-1521 ;  colonies,  1550, 1595, 
1602.  Spain  seizes  Portugal,  15S0-l(>4i>  ;  Lisbon  earth- 
quake. 1755 ;  P—  in  Seven  Years'  War.  see  1763;  Franco 
seizes,  1807;  Brazil  separated.  lS2fi:  King  Pedro  I.  abdi- 
cateil  Portugal,  taking  Brazil  himsL'lf. 

Porus,  —326. 

Postumus,  259. 

Potatoes  (an  American  vegetable).  15^6. 

Prictor  {a  Judge,  by  Licinian  law  of  — 363),  —335.  Pretorian 
Guard,  formed  by  Augustus  ;  in  Rome,  26  ;  sells  empire. 
193;  dissolved,  312. 

Pragmatic  Sanction,  1713. 

Prague,  x,  1020;   x.  1757, 

Pretender:  first.  James  Stuart,  A  1765:  second,  Charles  Ed- 
ward.* A  178^;  see  C\v\\  Wars,  England,  Gen.  Tab. 
XXIH.,  Simnel.  Warbeck. 

Priestley.  Joseph,  scientist,  philosopher,  A  1S04. 

Printing,  1436. 

Probus,  276.  277. 

Procopius,  365. 

"  Proscription,"  —S3  ;  term  first  used  then. 

"  Protector,"  Duke  of  York,  1454  ;  Cromwell.  1653. 

Protestants.  Protestantism,  1529. 1531.  1552;  1560,157-2,1685. 
iSee  Reformation,  Toleration,  Persecutions,  etc. 

Provence,  —121 ;  508.  536;  kings:  Charles,  855;  Boson,  879; 
joined  to  Burgundy,  933. 

Prussia.  Prussians.  (Originally  a  small  district  on  the  Baltic 
held  by  the  Borussi,  Slavonians;  conquered  by  the  Teu- 
tonic Knights,  beginning  1230.)  Table.  Cent.  — VIII. ; 
fii-st  duke,  Albert  of  Bran;lenburg,  1525;  falls  to  Brau' 
denburg.  1018;*  Great  Elector  of  Br.andcnburg.  IWO  ; 
P—  independent  of  Poland,  1657;  a  kingdom,  1701  (so 
called  because  the  Emperor  would  not  allow  title  "  King 
of  Brandenburg");  line  of  kings,  fourth  from  top  in 
Cliarts  of  Cent.  XVIII,.  XIX.;  other  dates.  1740-1742, 
1756,1757, 1763, 1772, 1793, 1795 ;  1S15,  Waterloo  and  Holy 


Alliance;  1866;  in  Franco-German  War  of  1S71 ;  King 
of  Prussia  is  to  bo  German  Emperor,  hereditarily. 

Psamatik  (=  Psammetichus)  L,  —664  ;  P—  II.,  -594  ;  P— 
III.  or  Psammenitus.  — 525,  for  six  months. 

Ptolemy  I.,  Lagi,  — 312  ;  all  his  Uno  took  this  name.  Ptole- 
my of  Alexandria,  astronomer,  161. 

"  Public  Good,"  see  League  ;  War,  1465. 

Publilian  law,  —470 ;  gave  power  to  plebeians,  which  were 
predominant  in  tribes. 

Pulcheria,  regent  408,  empress  450. 

Pultawa,  X ,  1709. 

Punic  (=  Carthaginian)  Wars,  — 2G4,  —218.  —149. 

Pupienus  Maximus,  238, 

P}Tamids  (built  somewhere  from  linO  to  8500  years  B.C.,  ac- 
cording to  different  scholars),  x  ,  1793. 

Pyrenees,  Peace  of,  1659. 

Pyrrhus,  — 2S7  to  —272. 


Q 


Quadi,  ISO. 

Quebec,  taken  1759. 

"  Queen  Anne's  W^ar,"  1702. 

Quintilian,  A  US. 

R 

Rabelais,  A  1553. 

Races,  Table  of.  Cent.  — VIII. 

Racine.  John,  poet,  dramatist,  A  1699. 

Radegast  (=  Radagaisus),  405. 

Ratfaelle  {=  Raphael),  A  1520. 

Railway.  Manchester;  first  one  successfully  using  locomo- 
tives, 1830. 

Raleigh.  Sir  Walter,  1564, 1 1613. 

Eamillies.  x ,  1706. 

Ravenna.  403  ;  see  Exarchate. 

Reform,  Parliamentary,  1S32  ;  suffrage,  1S67. 

Reformation,  1517. 

Regifuge  {=  expulsion  of  kings),  Roman,  —510. 

Regulus,  — 256,  — 255;  story  of  his  death  a  fiction. 

Reign  of  Terror  (French  Revolution),  1793. 

Religious  Wars:  see  Sacred  Wars,  Huguenots,  Protestants; 
Hussite,  1419;  in  France,  1500,  1015;  Germany,  1M6. 

Reuchlin.  A  1522. 

*"  Return  of  the  Heraclida?,"''  invasion  and  settlement  of  the 
Peloponnesus  by  the  Dorian  Greeks,  before  dated  his- 
tory. 

Revolts,  Revolutions  ;  generally  see  other  titles.  American, 
1775 ;  French,  1789, 1830  (called  "  the  Three  Days'  Revo- 
lution"), 184S;  "the  Glorious  Revolution,"  16S8. 

Rhode  Island,  1636. 

Rhodes  (Doric  people  in  Greek  history),  653,  1124,  1807. 
1522. 

Rice.  1702. 

Richard  I.,  England,  1189,  1191.  1192,  1199  ;  K—  II.,  137T; 
R—  III.,  1483;  R—  of  Cornwall,  Emperor,  1257;  R— , 
Duke  of  York,  1435.  1454, 14G0. 

Richelieu,  Cardinal,  1624-1042. 

Richtor,  ''Jean  Paul,"  humorist,  etc.,  A  1825. 

Rieimer,  456. 

Rienzi,  1347. 

Right,  Petition  of,  1628. 

Robert  I.,  France,  922  ;  R—  II.,  996;  R— ,  Count  Palatine 
and  Emperor,  1400;  R—  the  Strong,  S66 ;  R—  the  Devil, 
Duke  of  Normandy,  1035. 

Robespierre,  1793, 1 1794. 

Rochelle,  102S. 

Rocroy,  x ,  1643. 


68 


ANALYTICAL   INDEX   TO   THE  HISTORICAL   ClIAUTS. 


Roltor  RoIIo.  note,  Cent.  IX. ;  911,013;  aUycil  lo  Fnoco 
from  <i6.* 

Huauma ;  nt^  Komt>.  KlDf?  of  1Eoui&oa«  tlttv  o(  Kuip«'rur-eh!ct, 
In  llui*  of  licnuiiDv,  uutll  crowDcJ;  llrst  0*^1  Ijv  llvDry 
II.  ;  Jro|i|Kil  for  title  of  •■  Kmi»r«r-tkit "  by  Muiinlllao 
I.  Kouutn  i'burvfa  :  m  Church  ;  Id  {irvMut  liaic  caileil 
iiomiui  CuhuUc  Church.  Kumaa  Eni,  — T&3.  Kuuuu 
Rcfc-tftiuo,  — »10. 

Kominu)  I.,  »l»;  R-  II.,  930;  K—  1V.,IUTI. 

KouK',  thi'  city,  —  »^T,  (iauU  take  ;  ftro.  (M  ;  cvtuoa  to  bo 
R>|>lul(«<!  Milan  anU  ('unsliiulino|il>'l,  iKhi;  uukcd,  41ii, 
4» ;  taken,  retaken,  JliwalU'd,  Mii,  W«,  MI,  WJ ; 
sloniu'tl  by  Uoiirb«»n'*  (lenuans,  IWT. 

Rome,  th^'  »tate.  Kventa  on  all  Charts  (nm  SCO  B.  o.  onward, 
to  4T«  A.  V. ;  the  Kosteni  Eiu|iln<  thenafter,  to  U."«<, 
calk'tl  lta«lf  Roman  Enipiiv ;  so  did  the  Kiiiplro  in  tier- 
many.    Sf^  other  tltlea. 

RoinuIuH.  mythical  founder  of  Rome  ;  Roiualiu  ^  AugUBta- 
lu»,"  4iJ,  416. 

Roncc5valles,  k  ,  Ti-*. 

Koaea,  Wars,  14^^1475  (York,  white  ;  Lancaster,  red). 

Roitdboch,  X ,  1  t^T. 

Houin,  gt^  li-onluiu. 

Koxana,  — 311. 

KubeD^  |>alnter.  A  IMO. 

Ruilolf:  Tnuisjurane  Biirvnindy  (C.en.  Tab.  VI.X  SSS ; 
France,  W:);  of  Swal.U,  rival  Emperor,  IDT";  R —  of 
llapihurfr,  l.:Ta  ;  R—  II ,  lili  ((ien.  Tables  I.\.,  X.). 

Rurik.  ««.'. 

Kussell.  L..rd  WUllam,  16S1. 

Ru.v«U,  Ru.Mlans:  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.;  SC2,  9(M,  971.  liS4; 
Car  I'eter,  \6x! ;  line  of  C^ar^  I^>1  +  ;  lTi«i,  I"li9.  llil, 
1T33;  partitions  of  Poland,  1"3,  IT'JSI,  17W :  1H)7.  IslS  ; 
1>15,  Holy  ;illlanco:  IviT,  I^M.  War  with  Turkey, 
1"*77.    ,V»'  Northern  Power*,  etc.,  Moscow,  Mongols. 

Rye-Ilousv  Plot,  18-3. 

Ryswlck.  Pc«0',  li»T. 


Macrcl  War*,  Orwk,  —000  (CriMiranV  — SST  (Phocian),  -X») 
(LocrUo). 

Satlowa,  X,  ISW. 

Sa.lyalt.'S,  — CST,  Ljrdla 

Svmiolum,  —919. 

Saint  ,  ri'ferrlnir  to  a  p-r*^n.  »ff  the  name  of  the  p«TMn. 

-St.  All.iriv  »,  14.V.:    «.  Iti'.l. 

St.  lUrtbolomew's  Day.  MaMacre  of  ProtcstanlA,  1573. 

St.  .T:k-o!>'s,   m ,  1444.  near  Basel  or  Boalo. 

St.  •I.'hn.  <«■  Knights. 

St.  r.t.'r>  Churth,  begun  1SD^  llalshol  ISU. 

St.  ijumtin,  «,  1567. 

Soladln.  l:7l,  11-7.  1191.  II9i 

SaLunls.  Island  In  bay  near  .Vthoot,  o.  — ISO. 

Sanun-an,l,  In  Tartary.  9-0. 

Samnile  Wars.  — ."Wn.  — SiS,  —339  to  —HO. 

Sanction,  PrajrmatU'.  1713. 

Sapor  I.,  if"),  captiin's  Valertu) ;  S—  1 1..  .^  .t^O.  king  from 
his  birth,  serenty-onc  year«. 

Sararen.«.  at  first  .\raMans;  then  the  people  forming  the 
political  power  which  began  with  Mobammnrs  .Vrablans 
an<l  Incorporated  other  nations:  they  break  into  various 
indep«*ndent  lutlons;   and  their  UmIs  are  <K<-nple«l.  in 


Rhodes,  M8 ;  Syracuse.  «9,  -7'< ;  destroy  Carthage,  09s ; 
take  AruK'nla,  titKi;  attack  Constautluople.  6i.>  + ,  71(j- 
iH;  peace  uith  Eastern  Empire.  CT7  ;  lu  .Vfrtca.  i'urkts- 
tan,  ludla,  7u&,  7U«,  712;  S|>aUl  and  >'Tance,  711,  7111, 
78a  ;  lo«e  Narbonno,  7SU  ;  civil  wars,  737  +  ,  743+  ;  Civie, 
b£l;  Sicily,  »37,  s7S;  break  up  trum  MM;  los<?  CrvU'  and 
Syria,  VOi.  IMncea  of  Sarac^o  Spain,  7&a,  IK)i>-IU!ll. 
tioldeu  .\go  of  letters,  etc. :  East,  70i>-yiU ;  West,  »M- 
lUUO. 

Saracu-S  —647. 

Sara^ros.sa,  11 1!^. 

SanUua|ialus,  — 647. 

Sirdlnla,  Konio  takes,  — 23.s;  Pisa,  lOM;  kingiluni  (ander 
house  of  Savoy,  who  gave  Sklly  for  It),  I'l'M;  luW. 

Sanl^  -JM,  — aoo. 

Sargon,  —721,  and  note  near  his  Uoe. 

Sarmatlans  (Slavonians),  8^  SSI. 

Sassanlds.  Persian  dynasty,  ?.'6-(S61. 

Savonarola,  Jerome,  t  149^. 

Savoy,  16-^5:  grew  from  a  county  In  loiw,*  to  a  dukeilom  in 
14tll,*  a  kingdom  (witb  Sicily)  In  1713;*  M  Sanllnia  and 
C.en.  Tab.  XXVI. 

Saxons,  Table,  Cent  —VIII.  Saxons  enter  Britain,  449;  con- 
quer it.  Seven  kingdoms.  Heptarchy  {u^  that),  note^ 
Centuries  VI.  and  VII.;  l>ecome  fMglith,  Saxoiu  in 
W.  (jcnnony,  cont^uesl  l»y  Charlemagne.  77.V  7nV  Dukes 
ofSaxony:  line  of  Emixrors,  9r.i-lii:!4;  another,  112a. 

Saxony.  King  Uwls,  S7i; ;  duke-s  919,  111»,  117S. 

ScanderU-g.  1 IC*.  ftt  Castrlut. 

Scandinavians,  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.  Scandinavian  nations, 
Danes,  Norwegian.\  Swedes,  to  have  one  king,  1£97.  Stt 
Northern  Powers,  etc. 

Schiller,  Fre<lerick,  i»Kl,  A  1«5. 

•Sclndc  =  Slnde.  q.  v. 

Sclpios:  Gen.  Tab,  Cent.  II.,  — 21S  to  —211 :  S-  Africonus, 
—209,  —204,  -21)9,  — IbS.  S—  .fjniltanus,  look  Car- 
thage, -140,  and  Numantla.  —133,  A  —129. 

Scotch  I^eoguo  and  Covenant,  IdJt-. 

Scotland,  Scots,  Scotch,  etc.  MacUth.  1i«9  +  ;  l-jlwanl  takes 
1293+  ;  Wolbce,  13i.'.;  Ilnice,  ItanniKrkbum.  1:<1I:  fhwl, 
132S :  wars  acain,  isai,  isa ;  KkKlibn,  1.M.S:  yu.'.  n  Mary, 
1M2;  Protestantism  prevails.  K'iCO;  In  civil  war.  IAI4. 
liVX);  I.eague,  l<i»s;  union,  1707.    Oen.  Tab.  -XXIX. 

Scotu  Sir  Walter,  poi't,  novelist,  A  1*34. 

Scythians.  — «44,  — SOi 

Ss-cesslon,  first  Plebeian  at  Rome,  — 192 ;  Secession  War  In 
the  I'nlli'd  StaUs.  l-«l-l-l». 

S....  I,-  <■- '  I  rillon  of  Rome,  24S. 

?  '  »f  descendant*  of  Seleoctu  I. ;  kings  of  Syria; 

end  — b5. 
Selencns  I.,  —312;  In  battle  of  Issus,  —301,  t  —Vtt. 
8e(Jak,  a  Turk.  9-0;  becomes  le«.ler  of  Seljuklan  Turks  ; 

their  conquests,  102s,  1044,  lO-Vl ;  li«J,  lii7l.  107«;  kings, 

10M7-1O92. 
Sellasia,  a.  —221. 

Semitic.  Table,  Cent. —VIII.;  jw  IlamiiV  ••'-■" 
Sempach,  «,  I»S«. 
Seneca,  t  65. 

•Senlac,  battk-,  =  Hastings.  10C4. 
Sennacherib.  — 7im  to  —<M\ 
S4'ntinum.  « .  —295. 
Scpiimlus  Sevrnis.  193-211.  sundry  event*;  Table,  Cent  II. 

..  S90. 


ravUles,    M.»rs.  I^raojd.i.      Tskc   S_*rii.  Si.' 
639;    Persia.  <ai*  ;  Nnrlh  Africa,  i.l7»  ;  i 


I. -VIII.     •<■ 
War,  l-7«. 
-1»4,  — 101 


.  I'. 


60 


ANALYTICAL  INDEX  TO  THE  HISTORICAL  CHARTS. 


*Scrvius  Tullius,  Koman  kins',  contemporary  with  Solon, 
probably. 

Seven  Weeks'  War,  16CG;  Seven  Wise  Men,  Table,  Cent. 
—VI.;  Seven  Years'  War,  1750. 

Severus,  four  emperors,  193,  '222,  305,  461. 

Shakspere  (=  Shakespeare),  William,  dramatist,  1016. 

Shahnaneser  IV.,  — 727. 

Shiloh,  x,1862. 

Ship-money  Controversy,  1634. 

Shrewsbury,  x ,  1403. 

Sicily,  SieiUan:  Greek  colonization,  Cent.  — VIII. ;  wars, 
— 4S0;  —415  to  —413,  — 40U;  —344,  Timoleon ;  —317, 
—278;  first  Punic  War,  — 2G3,  —250,  — 24S ;  this  war  was 
there  chiefly ;  in  second  Punic  War,  — 214,  and  after- 
ward; servile  wars,  — 134,  — 104.  Saracens  from  Spain 
attack,  take,  827,  67S;  Eastern  Empire,  lOis;  Normans, 
1001-1072;  kingdom,  1180;  Uohenstaufens  get  it,  11S6;' 
Anjou  seizes  It,  1205;  "Sicilian  Vespers"  (=  vespers  of 
Palermo),  massacre  of  French,  12S2 ;  Aragon  obtains 
Sicily,  held  thenceforth  mostly  by  Spain  or  the  Spanish 
royal  lamily  till  1S60 ;  joined  with  Naples  as  Kingdom  of 
Two  Sicilies.  IIouso  of  Savoy  held  it  1713-1720.  See 
Naples,  Syracuse,  etc.     Gen.  Tables  Vlll.,  XI. 

Sicyon,  — 251,  a  Doric  city. 

Sidney,  Algernon,  lOS:!,  in  Rye-House  Plot;  grand-nephew 
of  Sir  Philip  Sidney. 

Sigismund  of  Bohemia- Luxemburg:.  King  of  Hungary,  1387  ;* 
beaten  by  Turks  at  Nicopolis,  1396;  emperor,  1410; 
King  of  Bohemia,  1419  ;*  A  1437;  Sigismund  1.,  Poland, 
15UC-1548. 

Silesia,  1742. 

Silistria,  x,971. 

Silk-culture,  555 ;  see  p.  13. 

Simeon  Stylites,  A  400 ;  lived  forty  years,  day  and  night,  on 
the  tops  of  pillars  of  dili'erent  heights;  had  imitators; 
is  called  St.  Simeon. 

Bimnel,  see  Imposture. 

Binde  (=  Scinde),  land  on  the  lower  part  of  the  Indus,  1S43. 

Sixtus  v.,  1585;  see  Popes. 

Slavery:  that  for  debt  abolished  at  Rome,  —315;  negro,  in 
the  United  States,  1019,  ISOS,  1S36,  1SG5  ;  at  Algiers, 
1M7;  slave-trade,  1807,1808;  in  British  Empire,  abol- 
ished. 1S34, 1S3S. 

Slavic,  Slavonians,  Table,  Cent.  — VIII.  See  nations  sepa- 
rately. 

Smalcald  (Schraalkald).  League,  1531. 

*Smerdis  (=  Gomates.  real  name),  —522. 

Smith,  Rev.  Sydney,  humorist,  critic,  A  lS45. 

Smyrna,  —620. 

Sobieski,  John,  King  of  Poland,  1674,  I6S3. 

Social  War  (i.  e.,  war  with  recent  allies),  Athens,  —357; 
Rome,  —90. 

Socrates.  +  —399. 

Sogdianus  (or  Secydianus),  — 425. 

Soissons,  X,  486. 

Solferino,  x ,  1859. 

♦Soliman  =  Solyman ;  also,  Suleiman  or  Solomon. 

Solon, —694,  —558;  Table,  Cent.  — VL ;  vnsest  of  ancient 
legislators. 

Solyman  II..  1520. 

Sophocles,  — 405, 

South-Sea  Bubble,  1720  ;  see  Bubble. 

Spain.  Spaniards,  Spanish;  Table,  Cent.  —VIII.  Cartha- 
ginian period,  —236, —218, —209  ;  Roman  times,  —149. 
—l-^X  —81,  —27  to  —19 ;  barbarians,  256,  4n9 ;  Visigoths 
(fiee  that).  414.  Ci)4,  Til;  Saracens  (aee  Ommiades),  711, 
718,  737,755,778,  IKiO-HiOO.  1031 ;  we  now  Asturias.Leon, 
Castile.  Aragon,  Moors,  etc. ;  1072,  1DS4,  1091, 1118  ;  see 


Portugal,  1139  ;  1157,  1230,  1237,  12S2 ;  Ferdinand,  1474, 
1501, 1504, 1508;  many  wars.  Cent.  XVI.,  Charles  V.,  King 
of,  and  Philip  II. ;  seized  Portugal,  1580-1040,  see  Armada. 
Netherlands,  Holland,  Dutch;  Moors  expelled,  1009  ;  iu 
Cent.  XVII.,  many  wars,  England  and  France  ;  Spanish 
Succession,  war,  1701  (Gen.  Tab.  XXXI.);  in  wars.  Cent. 
XVIII.,  1733,  1740,  1756,  and  in  War  of  the  American 
Revolution,  1779;*  King  Joseph,  ISOS;  Spanish  America 
revolts,  IslO  ;  revolution,  1868;  Queen  Isabella  expelled; 
Alfonso  returns  as  king,  1S75.*    Gen.  Tables  XI.,  XIL 

Sparta,  city  ;  same  as  Lacedfemon:  chief  Dorian  state,  note, 
— 800;  —743,  —665,  and  in  Greek  history  constantly, 
Centuries  —V.  and  —IV.,  till  —361.  Reforms  and  down- 
fall, —244,  —227,  —226,  —221,  —189.  Spartan -Persian 
War,  —399,  becomes  the  Corinthian,  —394. 

Spartacus,  — 73. 

Spectacles,  note,  Cent.  XIV. 

Spenser,  Edmund,  A  1598. 

Spbacteria,  — 425  (same  place  as  Navarino). 

Spinning-machinery,  1707. 

Spires  (Speyer),  Diet,  1529. 

Spoleto,  Guy,  and  Lambert,  8&8.  894.    Gen.  Tab.  V. 

Spurius  ("assius,  see  Cassius. 

StaC'l,  Madame  de,  author,  A  1S17. 

Stamp  Act,  1765. 

Star-chamber,  1625;  an  ancient  court  revived  with  arbitrary 
power  by  Henry  VU.,  1487;*  abolished,  1641.* 

States-General  of  France,  met  1789 ;  last  previous  meetings, 
2589,*  1614.* 

Steamboat,  Fulton's,  first  successful  one,  1807. 

Steam-engine,  perfected  1782.  by  Watt. 

Stephen  III.,  755,  ^ee  Popes;  St.  S—,  Hungary,  997;  of  Eng- 
land. 1135. 

Stephenson,  George,  Inventor  of  our  locomotive-engine,  A 
1848;  see  Railway. 

StiUcho,  395,  396,  t  408. 

Strabo.  A  24. 

Stratford,  1 1641. 

Stuart  family  to  English  throne,  1603  ;  deposed  and  banished 
1GS8,  except  Mary  11.  and  Anne;  rebellions  to  replace 
them,  1715, 1745  ;  see  Pretender. 

Style,  see  Calendar. 

Styhtes,  nee  Simeon. 

Succession:  Cleve,  1609;  Spanish,  1701;  Austrian,  1740; 
Polish,  1733. 

Suetonius,  120. 

Sueves,  Suevi,  405,  406,  409,  584. 

Suffrage,  reform,  England,  1867 ;  Amendment,  United  States 
Constitution,  1670. 

Sulla  (Syllfl),  —88,  — S6,  —S3,  —79,  A  —78. 

Sully.  Duke  of,  minister  of  Henry  IV.,  A  1U\. 

Swabi.i,  Dukes  of,  make  Hohenstiuifc-n  line,  1138  +  . 

Sweden,  see  Scandinavians,  Calmar,  Northern.  King  Gusta- 
vus  Vasa,1523;  Gustavus  Adolphus,16ll,  1632  ;  in  Thir- 
ty Years' War,  1631.  1632,  1634;  wars  of  Charles  XIL, 
1699,  1700-1721;  1700,  1709;  loses  Finland,  174:3;  in 
Seven  Years'  War,  1750.    Gen.  Tab.  XXVII. 

Swedenborg,  Emanuel,  scientist,  theologian,  seer,  A  1772. 

Sweyn,  King  of  Denmark,  985-1013;  attacks  England.  994  ; 
conquers  it,  1003-1013. 

Swift.  Jonathan,  satirist.  A  1745. 

Smss,  Switzerland,  1308,  1315, 1386,  1444. 

Syagrius,  486,  Roman  governor  hi  Gaul. 

Sylvester  IL.  see  Gerbert. 

Syracuse,  see  Sicily;  —735,  -^80,  —415,  -20.3,  -214  ;  609. 
678. 

Syria,  see  Saracens,  Asia,  Crusades,  Seleucidce,  etc,  —705, 
— G17,  —05,  —40  ;  161,  622,  6:i2,  962, 1401. 


70 


A-NALVllCAL    INhlCX    TO   THE    lllSTUlUCAL  CUAUTS. 


Tarltuj,  bblorlon,  A  Hi ;  empccur,  i'li. 

Tah.ritis,  Sia,  s30. 

TalUynuiil,  >ll|iluiiuitlst,  ^  ItiSS. 

Tniuerbno  =  Tluiur. 

Tuuurra,  »  ,  — 1^7. 

Tancnd.  1112. 

Tan-mine  War,  — 3S0. 

Tarik,  Til. 

•Tariiulnii,  Koman  kings  about  —621  to  —  J78 ;  and  —Mi  to 

—Jill. 
Tauo,  Turi|iiati>,  .^  15VS. 
Tatan  (Iruo  fonii  of  Tttrtar9\  Talar>',  or  Tartary ;   Tabic, 

tVnl.  — VIU.    .Moni^b  In,  wo  Zinghia  ;  Tlmur,  lien. 
T.•la^  !M. 

TiLtrnipti,  Mono'.i  olcftrlc,  1*H. 
"'rfiiUH-st,  nilniculuua,"  1T4. 
T.1VIKI-,  — 1K». 
TiTTor,  Kflirn  oC  Ii!>3. 
Tc*l  .Vit,  1673. 
Ti'StauH'ttt,  Kt  DIblo. 
Tralry,  k  ,  6-T. 
Tolri<u.»,  2.''t. 

TculoN-'iv  K'Tv'.-^t.  9  .1.  n. ;  «*»  \k  13. 
Teutonic  Knl;:hta.  met  Kiili^btff. 
Tiuton.s  TabW,  Cent. —VIII. ;  —102;  ««  IVutuuic  nations 

by  nanii'. 
'IVwlwAbury,  x,  1171. 

Thaikoray,  Wllllaiii  Makoptaoo,  uort'lisl,  A  l>6S. 
ThalvN  Tablo,  Cent  —VI. 
ThazQcA,  X,  1?>13,  In  Canada. 
Thapsna,  x  ,  — 16. 
Thcbca,  rliy.  hratl  of  IViatiii;  Tbvbon  :  —156,  -417:  —iii» 

to  —861 ;  —^71,  —333;  «<«  C'admi-ia.    lAlso,  an  ancient 

city  of  Esypt.*) 

ThttIli<tn,.|,T.,  _i7i,  — H9. 

Tii.".li"i-<.  Ml. 

Til,..!  r:.-.  chMrojtoih,  47i,15»-026;  Vbiguth,  4lff;  «1. 

rii..-l   r..*.  popv,  M2. 

li..  -.1   -Hn  I.,  37i»+  ;  T—  II.,  4l)j. 
Th-niL..;ivl«-,   X,— ISO. 

ri,.'-.i:  .r.i.-a,890. 

Thirty  Tyrants  —t(H.  —108  ;  so  called,  260.    Thirty  Years' 

War,  l<;i^I6*-i  :  p.  15. 
Thoma.s  .\nulni.«.  1274;  ik  KempK  1471;  Berket,  lliM-1170. 
•Thrac<\    kln^'ilnm    antler    I.y»liiiachus,   fhHn    division    of 

Alexander'^  empire;  ends  — 25l. 
Thacydliles,  — toi. 
Tiberias,  «,  ll->7. 
Tiberius, —12 ;  IDa.D.;  10-37;  47;  Gen. Tab.,  Cent.  I.    T— 

II,  374. 
Tlclna.<.  X.— Jl-i. 
Tlk-Ulh-Piles^rlU— 743. 
Tll«lt.  p.  .i.-e  uf,  lti>7. 
Ti:i,.i:..:,.  —344,  -i»7. 

Tuiiur  U:ii;  (=  TaniorlaneX  Tatar,  1363  f,  I4U1. 
Tttns,  79. 
Toirrol  B«ir.  inai. 
Tolbiar,  x.496. 
Tolwlo,  H>>4. 
T..1.  rill  .n.  Uf  Porsccatlons  ;  311,  Sia,  1332, 1553, !»»,  l«a». 

T  .ri|i!.  ;-,.i.U  II9', 
r.HiU,  ..».),  .MiV  .M9. 
Toaloaso.  .VK.  l2-i> 
Toar»,  «  ,  7^;  «<  p.  14. 
Towton.  X .  1461. 
TraCiiKar.  0,  l;i«& 


l'nO»><  9S-I17,  sundry  events. 

Traalmrne,  x,  — 217. 

Trvaty,  «m  react) :  of  Home  and  Carthage,  —30s. 

Trobla,  .,— 21S. 

TrvbUoud,  25«;  Greek  Eiiii>rrat«  Ibrrti,*  12<M-1201. 

Tretionlan,  prt'panxl  the  Cltll  Law,  5Sn  +  ,  A  5Uk 

Trent,  Council  uf,  IMS. 

•Trlboulan  =  Tnbonlan. 

Tribunes,  always  plebeian,  lo  defend  llielr  order,  — 192,  — tlO, 

—Mi,  —123. 
Triumvirates,  -  60,  —48,  —89. 
Troyes,  Treaty  of,  1420. 
True*,  Nlclas,  — 421,  =   Kalso  jn'sre:    Home  and  Ktrurla, 

— 84S;  "of  God,"  |i«3,  UWi ;  Saladlli's,  1192. 
!  Tudt>r,  houso  of^  accession  to  Kn^lish  thrune,  14<i;  brancli 

of  Uncastcr;  Gen.  Tables  X.MI.  and  X.MII. 
Tunl^  ■,00, 1270. 
Turanians,  Table,  Cvnt.  —VIII. 
Tureiine,  lli-nry  do  la  Tour  d'.\uven:i»e.  Mar-'  ■'    •   ''"  ■ 

Gen.  Tab.  .\.\V11I. 
Turin,  X,— 21?;   x,  1706. 
Turkey,  Turks:   Table,  Cent  —VIII.;   klnnilom,  £>«i  ^7^ 

drive  .\vars,  557  i?i ;  «*e  Ottomans,  S-lJuks. 
Turklslan,  Sannvns  enter,  7oCi>i ;  Moiit'oK  1216  v?). 
Tuscany,  Matilda,  1115;  Me  Flunnee,  Miillcl. 
Twelve  Tabk'S,— 151. 
Tyrants  «e  Thirty  Tyrants. 
Tyr*.;  lut  Pha'nlcla;  -555,-332;  1124. 
Tyrta.ua,  -6*5. 


U 

nnias,88S. 

rii.lan,  22S. 

••  Unam  Sanctam,"  1.303. 

Uniformity,  Act  of,  1662. 

-rnlifenltu.s"  1713. 

fnlon  of  lalniar,  1397,  1,">24. 

•••  I'nited  rnivlnees,"  s«'ven  prnvliices  of  Netherlands  revolt* 

Ink'aoilnst  S|ialn.  1:<6<V  take  tlibi  tide.  I,'r<l. 
••  I'nited  ^italos."  see  Centuries  XVIll  and  .MX.,  from  I7.M 

onward.     First  Comrre.ss,  17.M;  Kevolutlon,  1775-17S1; 

Confederation,  1777  ;  Constltullnn,  17^7, 17^S. 
"  rnlrersal  lil.'hop,"  017. 
rnlversltles,  note.  Cent.  XIV.:   Oxford,  biS;   CuubrldKe, 

Ol.'.. 
Trtxin  1 1,  llH'* ;  srs  Popes. 
Utrecht,  Peace  "f  i;i-< 


*VacrlnaUoD,  ttt  Jonner. 

Vadlmonlum.  Ijike,  «,— 30»;   x,— S$3. 

Val«-n.v  aw,  876,  :17S 

VaUntlnlan  I..  S-H  ;  V-  1I„  375;  V—  III..  423-455. 

VaVrian,  253,  260. 

Valmy.  . ,  179S. 

ValolA,  hnus«  oi;  acccOea  to  French  throne,  1  Jt-^ ;  Gen.  Tab. 

XIV. 
VaniUls.  4<A  «n<-«09;  tt<,  42»-4a»,  4^,  155,  4«0,  Ife ;  :». 
Varna,  • ,  1444. 
Varus.  9  A.  D. 


.  Gasuns,  1528. 
I.  UH. 


'I<>.  I2n»:  vara,  15u\  1510, 


71 


ANALYTICAL  INDEX  TO  THE   HISTORICAL  CHARTS. 


157),  1645;  loses  Cyprus,  1573;  Morea,  1715;  subjected 

by  France,  1797. 
Vercella;,  x,  — 101. 
Verdun,  Peace  of,  843. 
Veruna,  x ,  403. 
Verus,  161. 

Vervains  (=  Vervins),  Peace  of,  1598. 
Vespasian,  69. 

♦Vesuvius,  overwhelms  Pompeii,  "9. 
Vicksburg,  x,iy63. 

Victor  II.,  i)0pe,  1066.    Victor  Emanuel  II.,  Italy,  1849. 
Victoria,  Queen  of  England,  1S37. 
Vienna,  x ,  1083. 

Vikings,  see  Danes;  northern  adventurers. 
Virgil,  A  —19. 

Virginia  campaign.  Grant,  1664. 
Viriathus,  —149. 
Visigoths,  see  Goths;  375,  895,  sec  Alaric;  412,  414,  419,  451, 

460;  507,  driven  from  Gaul;  584;  711. 
Vitellius,  09. 
Vitiges,  536. 

Voltaire,  noted  author,  A  1773. 
Voliisian,  251. 

Vouille  (Vougle,  Voglo),  x  ,  007. 
♦Vulgate,  see  Jerome. 

W 

Wagram,  x ,  1S08. 

Wakefield,  x,1460. 

Wales,  conquest  of,  1276. 

W.alLice,  Sir  William,  1 1305. 

Wallenstein,  Albert,  general,  1 1634. 

Walls,  Roman:  Germany,  120;  Britain,  121, 140,  210. 

Warbeck,  Perkin,  1492;  claimed  to  be  Richard.  Duke  of 
York,  younger  son  of  Edward  IV. ;  validity  of  his  claim 
uncertain. 

Warwick,  Richard,  Earl,  "  King-maker,"  t  1471 ;  Gen.  Tab. 
XXII. ;  sec  Imposture. 

Washington,  George,  general  in  American  Revolution,  Presi- 
dent, 1789  ;  A  1799.     Washington  City,  burnt,  1S14. 

W.atches,  invented,  about  1058. 

Waterloo,  x,  1815. 

Watt,  .lames,  inventor,  A  1819;  see  Steam-engine. 

Wat  the  Tyler's  insurrection,  1381. 

Webster,  Daniel,  orator  and  statesman,  A  1852. 

WeUiugton  (=  Ai-thur  WeUesley),  Duke  oi;  A  1852. 


Wends,  Table,  Cent.  —VIII. 

Wenzcl,  1373. 

Werner,  1140. 

Wesley,  John,  founder  of  the  Methodist  Church,  A  1791. 

Wessex,  see  Heptarchy,  EgberL 

Western  Empire,  395-470  ;  see  Empire,  Romulus,  etc. 

West  Indies,  see  India. 

Westphalia,  Peace  of,  1648;  kingdom,  1807. 

Wiclif  (several  spellings),  ISyJ,  13b4. 

Wieland,  author,  A  1813. 

William:  Of  England,  W-  I.,  1006  ;  W—  II.,  lOST;  W— 
III.,  10S9,  1090  ;  W—  IV.,  1830.  Germany,  W—  of  Hol- 
land, Emperor,  1247;  new  Empire,  1871.  Prussia,  W— 
I.,  1801 ;  W—  the  Silent,  1578,  and  Gen.  Tab.  XXVIII. 

Witikind,  A  807. 

Wolfe,  Gener.al  James,  1 1759,  takes  Quebec. 

Wolsey,  Cardinal,  fall  of,  l.'i29. 

"Wonder  of  the  World,"  Emi>eror  Frederick  II.;  also, 
Albert  of  Austria,*  father  of  Emperor  Albert  II. 

Worcester,  x,  1651. 

Worms,  Diet  of,  1521. 

Wren,  Christopher,  architect,  A  1723. 

Wurtemberg,  kingdom,  1800. 


X 


Xavier,  St.,  a  Jesuit,  1.M2,  A  1552. 
Xenophon,  in  Anabasis,  — 401 ;  A  — 355. 
Xeres,  x,  711. 
Xerxes  I.,  — 48C;  X—  II.,  —425. 


Yermuk,  x  ,  036  (corruption  of  Ilieromax). 
York,  branch  of  Plantagencts:  see  that,  anil  Roses,  War  of; 
Richard,  Duke  of  York,  1435, 1454, 1460.  Gen.  Tab.  XXII. 
Yorktown,  x,  1781. 


Zama,  x ,  —202. 

Zela,  X ,  —47. 

Zeno.  Isaurian,  474;  Zeuo,*  Stoic  philosopher,  A  —208  (?). 

Zenobia,  204. 

Zinghis  Khan  tJengi.s  Dtcbingis,  etc.),  1200, 1210. 

Ziska,  John,  1419,  A  1424. 


n 


^UNlVEHSITr^ 


PAirr  II. 

GEXKALOaiCAL    TAHLKS. 


Tiimsi:  parts  of  history  in  wliicli  dynastic  consiclcrations  anil  inheritances  have 
much  inthicnce  need  gcncalojrical  tables  for  the  explication  of  them.  Snch  tables 
are  of  grreatcr  importame  in  tlie  history  of  the  Middle  Ages  than  in  later  times  ;  for 
the  successions  to  thrones,  to  land,  and  to  sovereignty  over  it,  under  the  feuchd  sys- 
tem, depended  upon  lineage  and  upon  the  rules  of  inheritance. 

But  genealogies  and  descents  have  their  influence  in  later  times.  V.\c\\  in  the 
last  century  there  were  two  great  wars  of  succession,  the  S[ianish  and  tlie  Austrian. 
In  the  beginning  of  this  century,  Napoleon  tried  to  establish  a  network  of  king»lonis 
et)ntroned  by  dynastic  motives.  Louis  Xapoleon  found  one  pretext  for  his  disas- 
trous war,  in  the  selection,  for  the  Spanisli  throne,  of  Leopold  of  Hohenzollern-.Sig- 
maringeu,  a  very  remote  relative  of  the  King  of  Prussia,  and  not  a  member  of  the 
royal  family.  The  "Orangemen"  of  Ireland  and  America  take  their  name  from  a 
Hollander  of  the  Gennan  family  of  Nassau,  whose  title — "  Prince  of  Orange  " — came 
from  a  principality  in  the  south  of  France,  and  who  became  King  of  Great  Britain 
because  his  mother  and  his  wife  were  of  the  Scotch  royal  family  of  Stuarts,  which 
had  come  to  the  throne  of  England  through  a  marriage  contracted  just  a  century 
before  their  accession. 

The  marriages  of  families  often  show  their  policies.  There  were  times  when  the 
P'nglish  royal  families  sought  marriages  with  France  ;  others,  when  alliances  with 
Spain  were  sought ;  in  each  period,  I^ngland's  policy  varied  accordingly.  But  now, 
for  more  than  two  centuries,  indeed,  ever  since  James  Stuart  (King  James  II.)  in 
1673  married  Mary  of  Modcna,  no  member  of  the  English  royal  faiuilies  has  sought 
a  bride  or  received  a  husband  from  the  south  of  Europe. 

Tlic  following  genealogical  tables  have  been  prepared  to  aid  students  and  read- 
ers in  the  history  of  medisrval  and  mcxlern  Europe,  especially.  Of  necessity,  they 
present  chiefly  English,  French,  German,  an<l  Spanish  lines.  They  may  l>c  reganled 
as  systematized  hints  at  the  biography  of  several  hundred  persons  of  royal  and  noble 
families,  who  were  those  most  prominent  in  the  political  and  military  history  of 
Europe  for  a  thousand  years. 

No  attempt  is  made  to  make  names  uniform  in  the  diflTen-nt  tables.  A  princess 
may  be  Mary  in  one  table  and  Marie  or  Maria  in  another,  though  generally  the  Eng- 

9  73 


GENEALOGICAL  TABLES. 

lish  forms  of  names  are  used.  This  variety  is  retained,  to  remind  students  of  the 
different  forms  of  names,  which,  if  not  known,  may  be  a  puzzle.  Tlic  following 
equivalences  are  not  uncommon  : 

Alice  is  exchanged  for  Alix,  Alicia,  Adela,  Adeliza,  Adelaide  (Adelheid),  Ade- 
line, etc.  Blanche  is  Blanca  or  Bianca.  Eleanor  may  be  Leonora,  etc.  Elizabeth 
is  transformed  into  Isabel,  or  vice  versd.  Jacqueline  appears  as  Jacquetta  or  Jaco- 
ba^a.  Jane  is  Joan,  Joanna,  Johanna,  Juana,  Jeanne.  Yolanda,  Jolande,  lolanthe, 
and  Violante,  with  still  other  variations,  are  one  name. 

Charles  is  Karl,  Carlo,  Carlos.  Ferry  is  Frederick.  Ferdinand  may  be  Ferrand, 
even  Ferraud,  and  Hernando.  Guy  may  be  Guido,  Wido,  Wait,  or  Veit.  Henry  is 
sometimes  Henri,  Henrico,  Heinrich,  Enrique,  Errico,  or  Erick.  Hermann  becomes 
Arminius  and  Armand.  Hugh  is  Ugo  or  Hugues.  James  is  represented  by  Jacob, 
.Tacopo,  Jaime,  etc.  John  is  Johann,  Hans,  Jan,  Jean,  Juan,  Ivan,  Giovanni  ;  and 
John  Baptist  may  appear  as  Giambattista.  Jerome  is  found  in  Hioronimo,  Geroni- 
mo,  Girolamo,  etc.  Lewis  is  Louis,  Luigi,  Ludwig,  Ludovico,  etc.  Otho  is  Otto, 
Odo,  Eudo,  Eudes.  Peter,  Pedro,  Pietro,  and  Pierre,  are  one.  Philip  may  be  Felipe 
or  Filippo.  Ralph  has  many  forms  ;  as,  Rodolf,  Rudolf,  Raolfo,  Raoul,  Rollo,  and 
even  Ron.  Reinhold,  Reynold,  Renaud,  Rainald,  are  varieties  of  Reginald.  Rene 
is  also  Renatus.  Thierry  is  Dietrich,  Diederiek,  or  Dirk,  and  these  arc  all  from 
Thcodoric.  Most  other  names  are  changed  less  than  these  ;  and  acquaintance  with 
this  list  and  the  use  of  analogies  will  enable  a  reader  to  guess  shrewdly. 

These  tables  are  drawn  on  the  plan  of  those  of  Le  Sage,  with  some  slight  varia- 
tions of  detail.     To  explain  them,  the  following  imaginary  table  is  given  : 


Albert,  g.-s.  of  Robert,  A  ir.Vl.  |  | 

1.  Barbara,  sixt.  Sirphcn,  A  1045.  %  Victor.  #  Lewis,  A  IBSS. 


2.  Clara,  d.   Walter,  A  1G56.  |     1.   /i^nfs. 

3.  Leonora,  wid.  Martin, 


1.  X. 

Eitcinria,  I 


a.  Denis,  A  IViO.  O    ''.   Fninees.  9  /-.  Karl,  f  IViC.       O    Jfary,  A  1 72V. 

Viohitite,  /f.s\  Theodore.  I     2,    fnorae.  I     2Iari/.  Karl. 


Guv. 


I  %   Xiehiilas. 
O   Olivia. 


~  Jane.        ^  Ja:iies.     9  IleVirv,  mini.      O   Irene,  b.  1677.  t^  I'liilip 

I  1  '  O   Gertrude,  b.  1680. 

#  «  Arnold. 

The  circular  character,  •,  denotes  a  male,  and  O,  a  female.  In  this  example, 
Albert,  said  to  be  grandson  (ff.-s.)  of  Robert,  had  three  wives,  as  shown  by  the 
figures  1,  2,  3.  The  first,  Barbara,  was  sister  of  Stephen,  and  died  in  1C45  ;  Denis 
was  her  son,  as  is  shown  by  the  letter  a/  so  b  characterizes  children  of  the  second 
wife.  The  second,  Clara,  was  daughter  (d.)  of  Walter,  dying  in  1656  ;  and  the 
third,  Leonora,  was  wndow  of  Martin,  and  died  childless,  which  is  noted  by  ^. 
Denis,  Frances,  and  Karl,  wore  the  children  of  Albert,  the  a  and  />  showing  from 
which  wife. 

Denis  had  for  wife  Violante,  heiress  (/(.«.)  oi  Theodore  ;  their  son  Guy  married 
Jane,  but  died  childless,  as  denoted  by  mm.  The  first  husband  of  Frances  is  not 
named,  from  which  it  is  to  be  understood  that  all  the  children  are  of  the  second  hus- 

74 


GENEALOGICAL  TA15LES. 

band,  George.  Tlie  chiklreii  of  h'rancos  are  Jaiiii'S,  ulu)  hail  i-liiUiiii  l.\  ^i  wife 
wliidi  is  denoted  by  the  lino  drawn  downward  from  liis  uirele ;  Ilnirv,  wlio  dii-d  un- 
married (until.),  but  hail  a  natural  (;)  or  illegitimate  son,  Arnold;  and  Irene  and 
Gertrude,  sisters,  born  (/».)  IGTT  and  1G80 ;  for  want  of  room,  the  eirele»  of  these 
are  not  both  joined  to  the  horizontal  line,  but  one  is  under  the  other,  nvt  jcnned  by 
a  line  ;  for  a  line  rimiiiiij;  down  from  the  uj>pcr  circle  to  the  lower  would  mean  that 
Gertrude  was  daujj^hter  of  Irene. 

Victor  and  Lewis  were  brothers,  as  their  circles  are  joined  by  an  hori/.nntid  line  a 
little  aboyc  them,  as  those  of  Denis,  France,-,  and  Karl,  are  joined.  Vii-tor's  wife 
Agnes,  is  marked  1,  to  show  that  she  was  the  lirst  of  two  or  more  ;  tlie  depending 
line  shows  that  tliey  had  unnamed  children.  The  first  wife  of  Lewis  is  supposed  to 
be  unknown  ;  hence  she  is  denoted  by  A',  (luiliithg.i)  ;  she  was,  lK)weyer,  the  mother 
of  .Mary,  as  Kugenia  was  childless.  The  marria|.fe  of  .Mary  to  Karl  is  denoted  both 
by  putting  the  name  of  each  under  the  other,  and  by  joining  their  circles  by  a  line 
l)t/t>ir  them,  from  which  lines  run  down  to  the  circles  of  Nichohis,  Oliyiu,  and  I'hilip, 
their  three  children;  this  shows  another  way  of  repre«eiiliiiir  brothers  and  sisters 
when  space  is  scanty. 

Relationships  can  be  easily  traceil.  Every  cirel.-  iu.ii  i.m  ii.h.h1i>m  i.\  j.'^oing 
only  (/own  and  to  the  right  or  left  from  Albert  is  either  cliilil,  grandchild,  or  great- 
grandchild of  his;  but  that  Mary  is  not  one  of  his  descendants  is  plain,  because  her 
circle  cannot  be  reached  from  his  by  going  down  and  to  the  right,  without  an  uj)- 
ward  turn.  j\LTry  is  niece  and  Olivia  grandniecc  of  Victor.  As  the  children  of 
brothers  and  sisters  are  cousins,  so  Nicholas,  ( )livia,  and  Philip,  children  of  Karl,  are 
cousins  to  James,  Henry,  Irene,  and  Gertrude,  as  they  an^  iliiMi,  n  of  FimiiccSj  and 
to  Guy,  son  of  Denis. 

iSii/iis  (lud  Alilirtviatioiis. — A,  died  ;  f,  violent  death  ;  b.,buin;  ;,  illegitimate  ; 
d.,  daughter;  s.,  son,  or,  with  n  female  name,  sister;  sist.,  sister  ;  f.,  father;  m., 
mother;  bro.,  brother;  g.-s.,  grandson  ;  g.-d.,  gramWaughter,  etc.  ;  g.-g.-s.,  or  g.'s., 
great-grandson  ;  '^.'s.,  great-great-grandson  ;  the  figure  shows  how  many  times  the 
words  great  and  grand  are  to  be  useil  ;  similarly  interpret  g.'f.,  g.'"'-)  etc. 

Dep.,  doposed  ;  dethr.,  dethroned ;  mar.,  married  ;  div.,  divorced  ;  rep.,  repu- 
diated ;  abd.,  abdicated;  lis.,  heiress;  co-hs.,  co-heiress;  sr.,  elder;  jr.,  younger  ; 
beh.,  beheaded.  The  meaning  of  the  figures  1,  '2,  3,  when  against  the  names  of 
husbands  or  wives,  and  the  correlatives  a,  b,  c,  etc.,  is  explained  above.  The  sign 
of  equality  (  =  )  indicates  two  equivalent  names,  or  two  different  names  for  the  same 
person.     *^*  indicates  a  note,  or  is  equivalent  to  "  N.  B."     Tab.,  table. 

Abp.,  archbishop  ;  Hp.,  bishop  ;  Ct.,  Count  ;  Cts.,  counts  or  countess  ;  Cty., 
county  ;  Card.,  cardinal  ;  Cr.-Pr.,  crown-prince,  or  heir-apparent  to  the  throne  ; 
Dk.,  duke  ;  Dks.,  dukes  ;  Dchs.,  duchiss  ;  V..,  or  Emp.,  emperor  ;  E»  (in  some 
tables),  a  king  of  Germany  not  crowned  emperor  ;  (E.),  in  .some  tables,  a  rival 
emperor  ;  E.  Einp.,  Eastern  emperor  or  Eastern  empire  ;  \\\.,  elector  ;  G.-<lk.,  gnind- 
duke  ;  Kg.,  king;  Ijindgr.  or  Lgr.,  landgrave  ;  Ld.,  lord;  .Mgr.,  Mrr|.,  margrave  or 
marquis  ;  Pr.,  prince  ;  Prs.,  princes  or  j>rincess  ;  (j).,  r|ueen  ;   \c\.,  vi.sconnt. 

The  wonl  of  is  frequently  omitted,  as  in  the  sample  table  aUive.  Table.i  I.  and 
1 1,  are  those  of  the  Seipioa  and  the  Grsars,  on  the  Charts  of  Century  II.  b.  f.  and 
Century  I.  .v.  r>.,  in  Part  I. 

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.YI.—Tlie  Spains,  from  1000  to  155G;  intJi  Sicily  and  Miples. 


m  SancUo  III.,  the  Great,  King  of  Navarre  and  Arapon,  101)0  to  1035  ;  Kins  of  Castile,  1028.    Called  himself  Emper- 
or of  Spain  ;  divided  his  Icingdom  to  his  sons ;  married  I^lt'ira,  ha.  o/  i  'untile. 


NAVAEEE. 


CASTILE   AND  LEON. 


AEAGON. 


•  Garcias  III.,  1 1054. 


«  Ferdinand  I.,  A  lOG.'i. 

I    Suncha^hs.  of  L€<m. 


•  Gonzales.  1 1038, 
Kins  ofSobrarve. 


•  Eamirez.  o  Sanclio  IV. 

A  1U70  (»).        t  1070. 

e  Ramirez,  A  1110.     The 
I        Ivingdom  held  bv  Ara- 
gon  till  1 1:>4. 

•  Garcias  IV.,  A  1150, 
I 

e  .Sancho  V.,  A  IIW. 


*  Alfonso  VI.,  Leon,  A  11119.  •  .Sancho  I.,  1 1072, 

1.  Atjiiin  of  Pttiloif.  K.ius  of  Castile. 

2.  Zin'r/e  \Stfrttce7i). 

3.  4,  5,  0.  Othtr  qtwen/t. 


•  Kamirez  I.,  1 10C3  (?). 

•  Sanclio  Eamirez,  +  1094. 
(Saneho  and  lii.s  sons,  Peter 

and  Alfonso,  were  king-sof 
Navarre.) 


I  I                                           I 
•  Peter  I.,  •  Alfonso  I.,  "the     •  Ramirez  II., 

I                                   —      A  1104.  —     Champion," +1134.      l        "the  Monlc," 

O  «•  Urraca,  A  1120.  Q.  Crraca.                            abd.  1137,  A 

I     1.  litit/montf,  Fr.  Comft.  \        1147. 

2.  Aljonao  /.,  Arayon. 


e  Sancho  VI„  o  Blanche,  A  1229. 
—     A  IJol.  j    Thihault     III. 


•  a.  Alfon.so  VII.,  A  11.57;   "the 
Emperor;''  divided  his  kingdonj. 


( Bt  Ti  n:^'aria,  Q. 
ot  linirland,  was 
his  sister.) 


of  Chtimimqne^ 
A  1200. 


LEON. 


I 
•  Tliibault  I.,  A  1253. 


•  Thihault  II.,  •  Henrv  I., 

—      A  1270.  I        A  1274. 


I 
(»  Sancho  II.,  A  1158. 

I 
•  Alfonso  VIII.  (III.), 

A  1214. 
Eleanor  of  England^  d. 
of  King  Ilenfij  J  I. 


9  Ferdinand  II., 

I        AllSS. 

•  Alfonso  IX.,  A  1280. 

1    2.  Berengaria.  Q.   of 
Cubtlle  (below). 


I 


I  I 

O  Blanche.   •  Henry  I.,     O  Berengaria,  A  124C. 

I  "■    A 1217.  I    AlfouM)  /X,  Leon. 


6  Jane,  hs.  of  Navarre.  A  1305. 
I    I'hiUp  ir.,  Kin(f  of  X'tp/trre. 

Sec  Table  XIV.  for  the  rest 

of  Navarre. 
Cnstile  and  Leon  -united  finally  midev  Ferdinand  111. 


•  Lonis  IX.  (St.  L-),  France. 
I 


Ferdinand  III., 

A  12.52. 
1.  Beatrix^  d.  ofEmp. 
Philip.    (Tables.) 


I 

•  Alfonso  X.,  A12M. 

I         liival    EiTiperor.      (See 
Table  VIII.) 

•  Sanclio  IV.,  A  1295. 

•  Ferdinand  IV.,  A  1312. 
I 

•  Alfonso  XI.,  A  1350. 


O  Eleanor. 
I    Edward  I.  of  England. 


O  Petronilla,  A  1173. 
liaymoud.    Count    of 
Barcelona,  llegcut, 
1137;  King,  llol;  A 
1102. 

«  Alfonso  II.,  A1I9C. 
(He  was  also  Count  of 
rrov:'nce.) 


Peter  II.,  +  1213. 


•  James    I.,    A    1270, 

"the  CoiHineior." 
2.  Yolanda,  Hungary. 

•  Peter  I1I.,>  A  1285. 
Confitantia,  lis.  ,^icily. 

(Table  8.) 
(Peter's  bro.  .Tames  was 
first  King  of  .Majorca, 
1202.) 


•  Peter  the  Cruel, 
I        +  1369. 

O  Constantia. 
I    John  of  Gaunt. 

O  Catherine. 

ffenri/  lU.  of 
Castile. 


I 


A  James  II. ,•  A  1327, 

I        abdicateil  Sicily,  129.5. 

O  Alfonso  IV.,  A  1330. 


Peter  IV.,  A  1387. 
called  "  the  Cruel."' 
He  bad  five  wives. 


•  Alfonso  III., 

—      A  1291, 


KiKGB  OF  Sicily. 

Frederick  11..'  A  1337. 
I 
•  Peter  II.,i  A  1342. 


•  Louis,'  A  1355. 


q  Henrv  II., 

A  1379. 

e  John  I., 

A  13!l(l. 
Eleoiiora    of 
Aragon. 


e  Frederick  III.,  A  IS77. 
I 

O  Mary.i  A  1402. 
^  Martin,  jr.,  Aragon. 


I 
John  I.,      O  Elennora,  A  1382. 

A  1395.  John  /.,  King  of  Castile. 

*^*  On  the  death  of  .Martin,  sen., 
O  Yolanda.  there  was  a  dispute  over  the 

(Table  17.)  succession,  ending  in  favor 

of  Ferdinand. 


Martin,'  sen.,  A  1410, 


«  Henry  III.,  A  1400,  Castile. 
I    Catherine,  of  regular  line. 


I 

O 
I 

•  Martin,' jr.,  A  1409. 
—  1.  Man/      of     Sicily 
(above). 
2.  Blanche.  Q.  of  Ka- 
varre.   (Table  14.) 


O  Ferdinand  I.,'  Aragon,  A  1410. 


•  John  II.,  A  14.51. 

1.  Mary  of  Aragon. 

2.  Isabel  of  Portugal. 


6  Mary,  A  1445. 
I    John  II.  of  Castile. 


John  II.,'  A  1479. 

1.  Blanche,  Q.  Navarre. 

2.  Jane  llenriquez. 


e  "■  Henry  IV.,  A  1474. 
\.  Blttnclte  of  Aragon, 
d.  of  King  John  II., 
by  first  loife. 


I 
O  b.  Isabella, 

A  1.504. 
Ferdinand 
of  Aragon. 


Alfonso  V.',  =,  A  14.5,8. 
(King  of  Na])les  and  Sici- 
ly as  Alfonso  I.) 


•  Ferdinand  II.',  «, 

"  C.'ltbolic,"  A  1510 
Isabella,   Queen    of 
Castile. 


O  Eleanor,  Q.  of  9  t)  Ferdinand,-  A  1494. 


I 
O  Jane,  "the  Insane,"  A  1555. 

Philipqf  Austria,  A  1M6.    (Table  9.) 

•  Charles  I. 


Navarre, 
1479. 
Gaston    of 
Foia'. 


Jane  of  Aragon,  d.  of 
King  John  II. 


O  Catherine,  A  1536.  •  Alfonso  IL,"    «  Frederick,'  dep.  1501, 

I     \.  Arthm;Pr.nfWales.     I        A 1495.  A  1,504. 

2.  Ifenry    Till.,    Eng-    I 
Emp.  Charles  V.  (See  Table  12.)         land.  «  Ferdinand  11.,"     (Ferdinand  of  Aragon 

(Isabel  and  Mary,  sisters  ~~     A  1496.  seizes  Naples.) 

of  Catherine,  both  mar- 
ry Emanuel  I.,  of  Portugal.) 


'  Rulers  of  .Sicily. 


^  Kings  of  Naples. 


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XA'IK— House  of  Ilohenzdllem ;  Brandenburg  and  I'russUi. 


1.  Fnxli'rlck  I.,  pn'vlouily  Fn'Urrkk  VI^  u  bvrxllUry  Bur(,Tavc  uf  Nimuibcrs,  U  ouila  Lkctur  of  Umxlccbun  la 
1417  by  lUu|i.  bld'biuuixl;  ^  IMU. 


•  ?   Kraderkk  U^  '  Iraatootb,"  A  HH. 


8.  Alb<'lt,"AchUlM"»na-l'l)rs«'-  ■  i  M- 


•  4.  John,  "  Ctcera,"  Ji  1  U». 


^   Joachim    1^     "Nestor," 


»c<I<irtck,  Mirgnve  of  Bniulenbari;,  tbi.  IMS,  A  liSS. 
(CALimiriL)  (A.HMACn.) 


«  Culmlr,  A  liST.  •  0«onre.  "Ploiu,' 

I  A  l»tS. 

•  Allwrt  A    IWI;  ' 

—      "Aktbladua."  •  CiiHiri;r,  A  KM). 

&  Joarhlm  IL,  A  ISTl ;      •  Juhn  the  Pniilent,  Miuvravt'  of  Ni'umirk, 
" Ue«tor;"  Lulhoran.  or  Custrin ;  A  1&7I.    (No »on«.) 


•  AlVrt.     ^    l.->.     1,    Mi-l.    or 
I        'iVuU   urU.r;    ni»l    Uuko   o^ 

rrUMta. 

•  Allxrl,  A  lAIS;  louiio. 

I      J/.lry  .</  I /rr<a.  ^  IGUl 


T.  •luha  Uoorgi',  A  IMi;  twenty tbrvo  chll-         j 

ilrvu.                                                                    O  Anno,  h<^  A  IC'A. 

I  JuAh  iiigiinttunit,  ninth 

I  £>tctor  ^bi'kiw). 


S.  .LmcUIih  Kr>J.,  A  100% 
Abp.  uf  MAf^tlebuiy. 


•  Ch> 


."1  tYtilrrict,  eii/UM 


hoiKl  of  ibo  t>nin<-h(-A        •  Jiiat-hhii    (>ii»t,    A   lf>i.'i ;    lM-d<l    of 
I  Colcujbach.  irlidiJig  I        bnuifh  of  Alubacb,  Mhtdi    catU 

•  ;.  In  IHKJ. 


'■).  John  St<1smon<l,  A  li>19; 

Cdlilnlst.    r*r-  8«,  T«ble  80. 
Anna  </  PruMta  (aboTe). 


10  i: 


Kiii'j 

O  l'brbUo*,(jarcnofdwwlcD. 


*«*  Tlilii   houM*  orliTlnatril   nt    1  lolM^nmlVni,  tn 


II.  Frwlcrick  Wllliain,  A  16<,-<.  "Th«  Or\-»t  Kl.Hrti.r." 
LoHtMl  0/  XiJstilUy  g.-d.o/  WiUiam  tAe  Stent   vTnb.  i-x) 


13.  FreJerick   HI.,  bw-omc*  Fmlrrlck    I..    King   of 
IViu.iia,  J&niury  l**,  IttM  ;  A  ITIH ,  thru*'  wIvi>a. 

(Table  24.) 

Fmlcrlrk  TVIIliam  I.,  A  IT40.    Many  chLMn-n. 
S'i^M't.  </  >^f  tifurjf  I  of  KnQland, 


uf  K"'iiiiAiii.k  I.*  ■•(  til''   la'.I'-r   !i;.' .  :i'-:  ■  "--iy 
connecttfU  wltli  tJUs  Unv  ovi-n  by  marriftgv. 


Fro<l«Tick  II.,  th."  Great,  A  ITS*. 
ELiiab<tK  c/  BruiuicicJ:. 


•  Frederick  \\  illUiu  II.,  A  IT9T. 
I        (Many  cbiidrvn  ) 


August  WiUiaiu.  A  i;&-. 


iy  </*»»• 


O  Wllhclmlna  Fntli-rlka  Sophia.  A  t--J<>. 

inf/<um  y\  StaJUoUer  t^ /MlanJ,  A  \H».    (TaUc  £■>.) 


•  Frrdcrirk  tVIUUm  III..  A  1»M. 

I    touita  i)f  MtciltHtiurg,  S  \sll. 


O  Winwlmina  Fmlnika  IxuUa.  ,1  1«.1|. 
ir(//i.im  / .  Ainff  df  IIM,lnd.    (Tablo  £7  ) 


•  Frpil.  William  IV. 

—       A  I'il. 


•  William  I.,  h  ITv: 

Klnir.  l-'^l :  F.mi"  r  - 
I  of  (irmiany,  Janoiry 
I        IS,  ISTl. 


'0,  A  l^a<.  •  I'kwlr*  FrcdnVk.h.  IMI. 

.' r«   A,    iVir   o^      I 
UuAAi.t.    (TiblrSI.)     •  rre<la1cli:bu4n,b.liAl 


•  Alrxamlrr  II.,  Car, 

bore  l-"!'. 


I 


•  Kr«l.'rt<-k  WIQiam.  rrown-Prinrr.  bom  mgl. 

Vi<1oria  MUlaidf,  oUitM  dkiUi  cf  i^nftn  llctor-ta  of  Kn^l'tnd. 

*«*  Number*  before  the  uaawa  <l<*lin>a«  tbr  order  of  the  Electon  "I 


12 


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XXVI.— House  of  Savoy  from'  1417 ;  Dukes,  Kings  of  Sardinia  and  of  Italy. 


Tho  earliest  of  this  house  was  Ilumhort  of  the  White  Hands,  who  died  104S,  Count  of  WanrieDne.  His  onceptrj-  is 
nncertain  ;  probalily  he  was  g.-g.-son  of  Louis  the  Blind,  King  of  Italy  (Table  5).  His  g  3-son  was  Amndcus  111.,  first 
Count  of  Savoy.  The  connections  of  these  counts  by  niarriagfes  were  with  the  greatest  royal  and  princt'ly  families  of 
Europe :  England,  France,  Germany,  Flanders,  Montferrat,  Provence,  and  others.  The  thirteenth  count,  Amadeus  VIII., 
was  made  Duke  of  Savoy  by  the  Emperor  Sigismund  in  1417 ;  the  fifteenth  duke  becomes  King  of  Sicily  in  1713. 


•  1.  Amadeus  VIll.,  first  duke,  A  1451.    He 
I       was  antipope  "Felix  V.,"  1439-1449. 

3lary  of  Burgundy,  A  142S  (Table  32,  II.). 

•  2.  Louis,  A  1465;  sixteen  children. 
Ann  oj  Cyprus,  A  14t)2. 


*^*  nukes  of  Savoy  are  numbered  1.  2,  3,  etc. ;  the  titular  Kings  of 
Cyprus  are  marked  C. ;  the  Kings  of  Sardinia  are  marked  S. 


•  3.  St.  Amadeus  IX.,  A  1472 


Louis,  C,  by  wife.  A  14S2, 
Charlotte,  hs.  of  Cyprus. 


•  1.  Philip.  "  Landless,"  A  1497. 

1.  Margaret  if  Bourbon^  d.  ofDvke  Charfes  I. 

2,  Claudia  of  Bresse. 


4,  Philibert  I.,  A  1482. 


•  5.  Charles  I..  C,  A  1489. 

I 
O  6.  Charles  II.,  C,  A  1496. 


•  8.  «.   Philibert   IL,        •  9.  h.  Charles  III..  A  1553. 
—      "  the  Fair,"  A  15U4.       I 


a.  Louisa. 
Charles,  Count  of 
Angouleme. 


#  10.  Emanuel  Philibert.  A  1580;  "  Ironhead." 
I     Margaret,  d.  of  Francis  J.,  France  ^Table  14). 


•  11.  Charles  Emanud  I.,  the  Great.  A  lfi30. 

Catherine  of  Spain,  d.  of  Philip  II.  (Table  12). 


Francis  I.,  King 
France. 


of 


b.  Philip,  Duke  of  Nemours,  A 
1533;  six  dukes  fullow  in 
three  generations  ;  title  goes 
back  to  France  in  16s9.  His 
g.^-dau.  Mary  marries  tho 
fourteenth  duke,  <.'has.  Ema- 
nuel II-.  and  is  mother  of  tho 
first  king  of  this  house. 


Princes  of  Carionan. 


•  12.  Victor  Amadeus  I.,  A  lf.37. 
I    Christina,  d.  of  Henry  I V.  (Table  16). 


•  Thomas  Francis,  A  1656. 

Mary.  Bourbon  Condi,  hs.  of  Soissons  (Tabic  18). 


13.  Francis  Hyacinth, 
A  1038,  age  6. 


#  14.  Chas.  Emanuel  II., 
ape  3;  A  1(m5.  age40. 

1.  Frances,    Orleans, 
d.  Gaston  (Tab.  10). 

2.  Mary,  Nemoxirs. 


•  15.  b.  Victor  Amadeus  IT.,  Kintr  of  Sicily,lT13  ; 
by  exchange,  King  of  Sardinia,  1T20;    abd.  1730; 
A  1732. 
1.  Anne  of  Orleans,  d.  of  Dk.  Philip  7.  (Table  16). 


#  Emanuel,  A  1709. 


9  Victor  Amadeus,  A 

#  Louis   Vict.   Ama- 
deus, A  17T8. 


•  EuRpne,  Count  of  Soissons,  A 
inw. 

OUiiipia  Miineini,  niece  of 
Cardinal  Jilazarin. 

#  "  Prince  Eupene."  A  1T36;  the 
—      famous  geoeral. 


Charles  Emanuel  III.,  S.,  A  17T3. 
2.  Christina,  I/e-^se. 

•  h.  Victor  Amadeus  II..  9.,  A  ITSe. 
^far^/  Antonia,  Spain  (Table  12). 


6  Louisa,  A  1714. 

Pliilip  r...'v'n"i(Tab.l2). 
O  Adilaide,  mother  of  Louis 
XV. 


•  Chas.  Emanuel  IV., 

—      S.,  abd.  1SII2,  A  1S19. 


O  Vict.  Emanuel  T.,       •  Chas.  Felix, 

I        S..  abd.lv21,  A  ls24.     —      S,,  A  ls.31. 


•  Victor  Amadeus  IL,  A  1780. 


•  Charles  Emanuel,  A  ISOO. 


0  Charles  Albert,  S.,  succeeds 
I  Charles  Felix,  his  father's  lifth- 
I       cousin  ;  abd.  and  A  iwy. 


Sisters  of  these  three  kings  marrv  Louis  XVIH.and  Charles  X.  of  Fr.ance. 
Victor  I'imanuel  I.  had  no  survivint'  sou  :  his  dau.  Mary  Anne  married  Einp. 
I-'crdinaud  I.,  Austria;  another,  Marv  Christine,  married  Ferdinand  IL,  of  the 
Two  Sicilies.    See  Naples,  in  Table  12,  "  King  Bomba  " 


%  Victor  Emanuel  II.,  S.,  born 

1S20  ;  Kint'  of  Italy,  ISGl;  A  1S7S. 

3rari/  Adelaiile    or  Auntria.  fii« 

■/irnt-coimn.    (I.    of    Arch-duke 

'Bainer  (.Table  31). 


I 


•  Humbert.  Prince  of  Pied-     •  Amadeu.s.  Duke  of  Aosta  ;     «  Otho,  A  ISfiC.        o  Clotilda,  born  1>4.'!. 

mont,  bom  1*H;  King  King  of  Spain,  lb71-'76.     •  Charles,  A  1S64.         I>rlnce^^a],olmn,  son  of  Jeiomc 

ofltalv,1878.  O  Wary,  born    -47 

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INDKX  TO  (IKNKAI.OiilCAl-  TAIJI.KS, 

11777/   .l.V.V(/y.l//".\.S. 


llw 


Sim  -Ftonrtx  In  narfnth.'W!",  unloM  nuinl(i>«tly  d»tM.  are  referono-s  to  the  Tt\>\n  liy  numhrm.    AMir.vliillon»  «ro 
luiiu-  M  In  ihB  Tubl.'s.     Injm.luals  are  rarvly  InUixcU ;  countri<!»,  houwd.  aud  buillif*,  are  luonlly  irir.n. 


LIST  OF  GESr.M^'ui:  .<i     ,.,,.,.;.•,       <     ,    1'..  - 

I.    Prlni-lpol  Sdplos,  and  UracchI,  p.  44.  on  llun. 
II.    First  «lx  Impt-rlal  CxMW,  2ti,  on  Chart. 
HI.    Mat-wlonlan  FaniUy,  Philip  and  Akxandir  i.i.-  i.r...i,  T<.. 
IV.    Cunstanllin''*  Family,  77. 
V.    Karllni;  Linos.  First  TaWi',  7*. 
VI.    KaillDR  Lines,  Sfcond  Table,  79. 

VII.    Sa-Ton  Knipcrors;  F.arly  Fmnconlans  with  ('onno^^lon^  'O. 
VII I.    Franwnbn  and  llohi-nsuufen  llouiws;  Ouilfs,  Thurlnpla,  TusMny.  etc.,  SI. 
IX.    Imp«rl*l  La.tcinbur);  and  Ilapsbun;.  »:{. 
X.    IlaiwbarK;  Austria  from  IMM  (rontlnu»I  In  XXXI.),  6.a 
XL    Spain.  10O»-12.V> ;  with  Sldljr  and  Na[>k-s  SI. 
XII.    Spain— Ilapsbnri;  and  Boarbon,  ^ 
XIIL    FrancT,  »^7-l*i5;  Capctlans,  and  First  Ilmiv  of  Bttrcundy,  'ft 
XIV.    Franco,  li-^^-liO;  Valols,  Orleans,  .incouljinf.  Ilunrundy.  Na\*ttrTr,  and  Alonfon,  S7. 
XV.    House  of  Bourbon  to  Ilonr)-  IV..  <S. 
XVI,     Fri-neh  IVmrUins,  from  Ili-nrj*  IV.  ;  Orleans.  S9. 
XVII.    Two  French  Iloujics  of  .Vnjou;  Napk's  and  Ilunpir}',  90, 
XVIII.     Ilotues  of  Brittany,  Condo,  and  Dreux,  91. 
XIX.    Ilonsca  of  Lorraine  and  Guise,  with  Branches,  9^. 
X.\.    Engbnd  to  IO«a  ;  Saxon  an<l  Danish  Klnirs,  98. 
XXI.    EdkUwI.  1i)«*-I!WT  ;  Xomuui  Dukes  and  KIncs:  Planlacenels,  91. 
XXII.     England.  I»i7-14^:  Last  Plantacenets;  York  and  Ijinra.«t.r.  9.V 
XXIII     Eneland  from  ll-A;  Tndon.  Stuarts,  lIou.«' of  Bninsnick.  M. 
XXIV.    lIoiMoof  llohenrunem:  Brandenburir  and  Pmssla.  97. 
XXV.    Part  I.     Biraria  from  II "^^  Electors  Pabline,  Dukes,  and  Klnini,99i 
XXV.     Part  II.     Bararla:  IJneof  DenxPont»,99. 
XXVI.     House  of  !>aToy  tram  UI7:  Sardinia  and  Italy,  KO. 
XXVIL    Sweden  fW>m  IflSS;  Houses  of  Vaaa  and  B«madoite.  101. 
XXVIII.    Relatloiu  ofWllllam  the  Silent;  Onnire-Kajuan.  Holland,  109, 
XXIX.    Scotland  tnm  lOM;  Seottbh  Saccesslon  In  laXV-iaiJ,  MS. 
XXX.    Succession  of  Cleres,  104. 
XXXI.    SpuLsh  Succession.  I>:96-17II  ;  Recent  Austria.  in.V 

XXXII.    Part  L    Flanders :  Latin  F^perors  :  Rrlailons  to  Normandy,  llainanlt.  HaOuid.  etc.,  106. 
XXXII.     Part  II.     Flanders:  Barmndy.  Il.>ll.tnd.  Ilalnault,  Brabant.  BaTarla,  itak,  107. 
XXXIIL    lloa.se  of  RomanoiT;  RussU  from  ICI:),  |iy>. 

100 


INDEX   TO   GENEALOGICAL   TABLES. 


ALPHABETICAL  IXDEX. 


Albany.    Tab.  iii'. 

*AU)iTt  the  Bear,  '*  Ascanian ; "  bo  oalled  from  a  castle  near 
Magdeburg.  Founds  BerDn,  IH'i  (.?).  iSee  8axoiiy  ;  An- 
halt. 

♦Alcma-'onida?.  An  important  family  nt  Athens,  traced  from 
Megacles,  sixth  perpetual  archon,  about  TT(>  n.c.  Of  this 
family  were  Megacles  of  550  b.  c,  Clisthenes  of  501t  b.  c, 
Pericles,  Aleibiades,  and  Callias  of  372  b.  c. 

Alenfon.    Tables  14,  16,  VX 

Alexander  the  Great.    Tab.  3. 

Alsace  =  Elsass.  Tab.  5.  Very  ancient  house,  descended 
from  a  chief  of  the  Alemanni  of  650  a.  d.  From  this 
bouse  are  reputed  to  come  the  Welfs  or  Guelfs,  the  Haps- 
burgers,  the  Zaehringers,and  the  Lorrainera.  Especially 
members  of  the  house  of  Upper  Lorraine  are  often  called 
"of  Alsace."    Tab.  82  I. 

Angeli.  A  short  dynasty  of  Byzantine  emperors,  11S5-1204; 
Irene,  Tab.  S,  dau.  of  Isaac. 

♦Angevin,  means  ''of  Anjou." 

Augoul^me.    Tables  14,  15,  16,  19. 

Angus.    Tables  29,  23.    See  Douglas. 

Anhalt-Zerbst.  Tab.  33,  Catherine  II.  House  of  Anhalt,  de- 
scended from  Albert  the  Bear;  see  also  Saxony.  In 
15S6  it  divided  into  four  branches:  A.-Iierneburg,  A.- 
Dessau, A.-Zerbst  (now  extinct),  and  A.-Koethen. 

Anjou.  Tables  6, 12, 13,  14, 16,  especially  17  ;  19,  21,  31,  32. 
Ilonse  of  Anjou  began  in  time  of  Charles  the  Ea)d  ;  was 
connected  with  Flanders  (32),  Normandy,  and  England ; 
became  French,  time  of  Philip  Augustus,  by  forfeiture 
of  the  territory ;  soon  was  given  to  Charles,  bro.  of  Louis 
IX.  (13,  17).  Enghsh  kings  from  1154-1272  (21)  are 
called  Angevin,  or  "of  Anjou."  Robert  the  Strong  (6) 
was  not  fijunder  of  the  house  of  Anjou. 

Anspach.    Tab.  24. 

Antigonidfp.    Tab.  3. 

Antony,  Mark.    Tab.  2,  on  Chart,  Cent.  I.,  p.  2C. 

Aquitaine.  First  dukes  were  Merovings ;  Karlings  (5)  fol- 
low. Then  sundry  families,  especially  Counts  of  Poi- 
tiers: title,  Duke  of  Aquit^iine,  is  exchanged  for  Duke  of 
Guienne.  Hugh  Capet's  wife  was  of  this  latter  connec- 
tion (13).  and  Q.  Eleanor.i(21).  Edward  the  Black  Prince 
(22)  was  "  Prince  of  Aquitaine." 

Aragon.     Tables  S.  11. 

Arlc*.    Tab.  5,  Boson  and  Louis. 

*Arraagnac.  A  Gascon  house,  importnnt  from  1373-15(10; 
related  to  Foix  and  N.avnrre ;  merged  in  Alenf on  branch 
of  French  royal  family,  by  marriage.  See  Nemours. 
Armagnac-Haroourt.  Tab.  19. 

Artois.  Tab.  13.  Only  two  counts.  Robert  I..  A  1250.  and 
Robert  II.,  A  1302.  Title  reappears  in  Burgundy  (32), 
and  in  Bourbons  (16).  Charles  X. 

*Ascanian.    See  Albert  the  Bear. 

Aumale.    Tables  16,  10  especially. 

Austria.  Tables  9.  10.  ll,  12.  31.  See  Eabenbergs,  Alsace. 
Called  hou.'^e  of  Hapsburg  (Ilabsburg  =  Habichtsburg  = 
Hawk  Mountain)  from  a  castle  in  Switzerland,  canton 
Aargau,  now  in  ruins. 


B 

*BaliL-nbergs.  The  first  house  of  Austria,  preceding  the 
Hapsburgcrs ;  descendants  iif  Henry  I.,  S66,  Duke  of 
East  Franks.    His  g.-g.-son  Leopold  I.  was  first  Mar- 


grave of  Austria  (Oesterreich),  982.  Of  this  house  were 
Henry  II.,  Jasomirgott,  1156-1177  (see  Bavaria);  his  son, 
Leopold  v.,  1177-1194,  who  imprisoned  Richard  Lion- 
heart;  and  Frederick  the  (juarrflsome,  g.-son  of  Leopold 
v.,  end  of  the  line,  A  1246.  From  his  sister  Constance 
came  the  Saxon  house  of  Wettin.    See  Saxony. 

Baden.  Grand-dukes  since  1S06 ;  previously,  margraves: 
Hermann  I.,  A  1074,  first  took  that  title;  he  was  son  of 
a  duke  of  Zaehringen.  The  elder  line,  or  Zaehringers, 
traced  their  line  to  Erchanger  of  Swabia,  900;  they  bo- 
came  extinct  in  1218.  The  Baden  line  divided  in  1527 
into  Baden-Baden,  extinct  in  1771,  and  Baden-Dourlach. 
the  present  line.  Connection  with  Sweden  and  Den- 
mark, Tab.  27. 

Baireuth.    Tab.  24. 

Baliol.     Tab.  29. 

Basilian  dynasty,  or  Macedonian,  claiming  descent  from 
Alexander  the  Great.  A  dynasty  of  E.  Empire,  867- 
1050;  fiee  Charts,  Centuries  IX.,  X..  XI.  Basil  I.  is 
first;  next,  his  son,  Leo  V.;  Constantine  Vil.,  son  of 
Leo;  Eomanus  II.,  of  Constantine;  Basil  II.  and  ("on- 
stantine  IX.,  sons  of  Romanus;  the  empresses  Zne  and 
Theodora,  daughters  of  Constantine.  djing  1050  and  1050, 
end  the  line.    Theophauu  (7)  was  Basilian. 

Bavaria.  Tables  6,  7,  9.  10,  12,25,30.31,32;  especially,  £5. 
The  earliest  known  dukes  were  the  family  of  Agilulfings, 
from  Garibald  I.,  555,  to  Thassilo  II.,  dethroned  by 
Charlemagne,  788.  Bavaria  falls  under  the  rule  of  the 
Karlings,  and  of  the  descendants  of  Ilcniy  the  Fowler 
(6,  7),  and  of  various  families,  until  it  goes  to  AVelf  IV., 
Tab.  8.  Henry  the  Lion  is  the  last  duke  of  this  line. 
Leopold  IV.  and  his  bro.  Henry  Jasomirgott,  Eaben- 
bergs of  Austria,  hold  Bavaria,  1138-1153.  In  1180.  Otto 
of  Wittelsbacb  succeeds  Henry  the  Lion.  Remarks  on 
his  house  see  in  Tab.  25. 

*Bearn.  Henry  IV.  of  France  is  called  '■Bearnese,"  or  "of 
Beam,'"  a  viscounty  of  Southwest  P' ranee,  which  came  to 
the  house  of  Foix  by  marriage,  1290,  on  expiry  of  male 
heirs.    See  Foix. 

Beauchamp.  Tab.  22.  An  English  house,  whose  name  and 
rank  disappear  in  marriages  with  Beaufort  and  Nevil. 

Beaufort.  Tab.  22.  Branch  (illegitimate)  of  the  house  of 
Lancaster;  legitimated  by  Richard  II.  and  by  Henry  IV. 

Belgium.  Leopold  I.,  Tables  16  and  23.  A  1865,  was  son  of 
Francis,  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg-Gotha  ;  his  sister,  Victo- 
ria (23).  was  mother  of  Q.  Victoria ;  his  bro.  Ernest, 
Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.  was  father  of  Q.  Victoria's 
husband.  Prince-consort  Albert;  another  brother  -was 
father  of  Ferdinand,  Prince-consort  of  the  Queen  of  Por- 
tugal.   See  Portugal. 

Berg.    Tab.  80. 

Bernadotte.    Tab.  27. 

Berri,  or  Berry.  Tables  14,  10.  Always  of  the  royal  bouse 
of  France,  but  not  forming  a  line.  John  (14)  bought 
Montpensier,  which  thus  (15)  came  to  the  Bourbons. 

Eillung.    See  Saxony. 

Birkenfeld.    Tab.  25  II. 

Bischweiler.    T.ab.  25  II. 

Blois.  Tab.  21.  The  houses  of  Blois  and  Champagne  wero 
united  a  while ;  see  Champagne. 

Bohemia.  Was  governed  by  Slavonian  dukes  till  Premislas 
Ottocnr  I.  became  king.  1198,  father  of  Wenzel  (Wences- 
las)  III..  Tab.  8.  Wenzers  g.-d.  Elizabeth  married  John 
the  Blind,  Tab.  9,  and  the  house  of  Luxemburg  had 
Bohemia.    I^dislas,  son  of  Elizabeth  and  Casimir  IV.  (9). 


110 


INHKX    lU   liKNt.VLtHIICAL   TABLES. 


uDlled  nob*)Dil!t  and  HQDi:ary  u  one  k.ll^^lufu,  wbu-b. 
1S!J«  (Ctiorl.  (.Vol  XVI.).  i»m«J  from  hit  wa  Uiwlj  11. 
to  Au.itrU>(IU). 

BohttD.  Koiiilty-Daoie  of  tb«  Earb  of  llrr^fonl ;  ojuiie  aoU 
title  tlk.'Ui|i[H'iir  by  aiuriixtiKi,    Tsb.  ^ 

Ik>n.^l>arte.  Tab.  AX.  Tb**  family,  In  orrltr,  werv  Jowph. 
KIni;  of  Na|iU'>.  l-oe.  and  of  !<|alQ,  A  m;  Napolwn. 
A  l^at ;  Luirk-n,  Princv  of  Culno,  A  IMO  ibl>  Mid  Cbarhx, 
A  I'd*,  wu  Ibr  i>ol<.M  naturmlbt);  LooLv  Klni;  of  Ilol- 
land.  A  I>t6 ;  Jorulnc,  KIni;  of  Wrstpballa,  A  1^*1;  KU- 
la;  Pauline;  CaroUno.  married  Munt.  Klnjf  of  Naples, 
who  wa*  shin  IslS.  Na|>uleon  111.  was  >on  of  Loiib. 
The  rvcent  "•  lYtnee  Naiioleon"  l»  NajpoK-on  Joseph 
i'barU-«  TaiU,  »on-lD-law  of  Victor  Lluauuel.    Tab.  ^0. 

IKhwell.     Tab.  W. 

B<iulo;,-ne.     Tables  it,  S3. 

Bourbon.  Tables  1^  1«,  and  13  especially:  also,  13,  14,  IS 
(I'onde),  3S. 

Itrabant.  Henry  I.,  son  of  Godfrey  IX.  of  Lorraine  (»«  Lor- 
raine. II.),  Count  of  Louvaln.  wa.-!  made  Duke  of  Bra- 
bant by  t'rwlerick  Ilart>aro!«a  (Si  1.);  hl.<  daucbier  Mary 
niarrlinl  Otto  IV.,  Eni[ieror  ;  his  son  IKnry  II.  I A  l-.'47) 
married  S*)phia,  dau.  of  Lewis  I V .  of  Thurini^ia  i.^)  aiitl  s^t. 
KlUatH'th  ;  tbey  bad  two  ioai  named  Henry  :  the  youIli^'r 
beeame  bead  of  the  house  of  Iless^-,  in  all  branches;  the 
other  was  Henry  III.  of  Brabant,  A  I'ii'iO,  lather  of  .lobn 
I.  Tables  1».  «i  II.  The  rest  of  the  line  Is  In  Tab.  »i. 
Mar>-  of  Brabant.  In  Tab.  14.  was  sUtor  of  John  I. 

'Itrak-ania.    .S^«  PortUiTil. 

Bnuidenbun:.  Tables  24,  i.'>.  4>,  SO.  Bnindenban;  was 
(riven,  1142,  to  .\lbtTt  tho  Bear  (J«e  .VlU'rt.  and  Saxony) 
as  marifrave  and  eU-elor:  it  pa.*»ed  to  bis  elder  son  Otto, 
whose  line  ende.1  with  Waldemar,  M'i't:  Emiieror  I.ewls 
iruvo  it  to  his  Rons  I'i'i).  from  whom  it  went  In  1371  to 
Wenjel.  the  emperor;  In  191^  to  his  bro.  Slgtsmund, 
who  sold  It  to  the  house  of  HobenioIlerQ  |24). 

Branilon.  Duke  of  Suffolk.    Tab.  28. 

Brazil.  John  IV.  of  Portusral  (q.  r.)  fled  fhtm  Napoleon  In 
ISOH  to  Br&zll,  which  he  declarvil  a  kinplom  ;  his  son, 
Pedro  IV.,  preferred  Brazil,  declared  it  an  empln*.  and 
blniself  emperw  as  Pedit>  I.,  Tab.  31.  He  cave  Portu- 
iral  to  his  daui;hler.  Maria  da  tiloria.  but  ^ave,  in  l^'ii, 
Brazil  U>  his  si^n,  her  brother,  Pedro  II.,  who  visited  the 
rmted  .■«Ute»  in  t'"!*. 

Brittany.  Tab.  IS.  I'nder  a  long  tine  of  Celtic  princca  cnd- 
injr  with  Cooan  W. 

Bruce.     Tab.  29. 

Bran.*wiek.  The  house  of  Brun.^wlck.  descended  fh^m  Wtl- 
llain.  son  of  llenrr  the  Lion  C'X  has  ha«l  an  Imp^irtance 

tr-'r:  ■'     ' •  -         • -  ■       

tb. 

wa.«  .        ,  .    .  1     .     .        _     . 

at  once.     The  Iwenty-flrst  duke,  EnU'St  .\ 

Sa  I.),  became  Klector  of  Hanover  (Hf  Kief  \ 

to  Charts '^f.     As  an   Knfclisb    hou.«e.  Brunswick  dates 

fiwn  his  son  (%<).     A  Russian  marriage.  Tab.  .•«.    Charles 

William,  Duke  of  Brunswick,  ireneral  in  the  Seven  Years* 

War  and  in  IT9-J  ami  l^W  (♦  Kvii,  was  son  of  (harliitlc 

Pb^" .    ■   -    'I-    ■   -    ■    •'     •■-    .•    -.-  •     '  ■-'    -'   ■ 

br 

dor:  


BuckUifham.    Tab.  22.    The  present  Duke  of  BocklnKham 

Is  a  lirenvllle.  not  relaled  to  the  earlier  lines. 
Bonrumly.     .S^c  note  on  this   name  In  "Index  to  Oiarta," 

p.  !*.     I    Cl«)nrane  Rorffundy ;  only  klnp«.  !t*vwin   «n<t 

L.'.  :    T«b,  ,^,     II    Tni 

th  n  Tab  «      B.rtha. 

and  ii.-  '.  ...../      / 1.   . .  -.    .^  j„j„, .    t^,  ,,i  ,  i. 


V-i.    By  her  first  hustiand  she  was  mother  of  <>tlo  (Otto) 

II.  of  t.'hamiiai,'ne,  and  thus  anc««trv«a  of  Kluir  t^tei>hen 
of  England  and  uf  itie  line  of  Navarre,  Tat>ln>  11  au>l  14. 

III.  The  Duchy  of  (l.owcr)  Burgundy  was  btki  !•>  I, 
Rlchanl  the,lu»llelary,lirplhcrof  K'  ■  "  ■  '  ':  '  'f, 
Klntf  vt  France.  Tab.  6  ;  :!.  Ilucb  ' 

4.  .\  fk  lluRh  tap.-t  («  and  lai  anl  :  1 

Henry  Utto;  7,  King  Robert  II.;  \  by  the  line  in  Tab. 
18 ;  »,  by  the  Valoit  line.  Tables  14, 82  II.  The  Utlo  was 
borne  by  the  &tber  of  LouU  XV.,  Tablet  12  and  14.  IV. 
rplier  Burvundy  =  Kranche-Cninte.  Set  off  as  a  coun- 
ty  In  the  titne  of  Hugh  the  Black,  alxive  iiafnM  ;  went 
to  Otto  William,  Tab.  ,\  son  uf  Hugh's  sitter  <ierber).-a 
and  .Vdalbert,  Klui;  uf  luly  (.*>) ;  Ik-atrli.  b.  In  >•  of  bla 
Hue,  In  1160  marrleil  Frxnlerick  BarbanisAa  ;  fhini  his 
sou  Otto  (A  12*10),  by  an  bclr\<sa.daU);hter,  Kranrhe- 
ComteV  went  to  Otto  I.  of  .Meran,  whoae  helress-dauchter 
marriiHl  Huch,  Count  of  Chiilons;  from  his  son  (Uto 
(t  ISOHl  It  went  by  Jane  the  beirres  to  Philip  V.  of  FralKv; 
by  his  daui;hter  Jane  It  went  to  Eudes  IV.  of  Bur- 
Knindy.  Tab.  13:  thenceforth,  with  the  utiu-r  Bunrunily, 
It  went  to  the  Val«>is  dukes,  to  Maximilian  tH2,  IM,  and  so 
to  tile  Spanish  kinf^s.  until  taken  by  France.  IGT'*.  lu 
seven  genemtlons  It  pass4d  live  tiiiit^a  fn)m  one  house  to 
another  by  an  heiress.  Cf.  Nevers. 
Byxantlne.  Dynasties  or  rulers  of  VI.  Kiiipin' are  s*»  styK^*! ; 
see  An(^'ll,  BasUlan,  ComnenI,  ConsLaoiIne,  laaurlaua, 
Pihcologi. 

C 

Cirsar.  Julius.     Family,  Tab.  2,  In  Chart,  Cent  1.,  p.  26. 

Calabria.     Tables  17,  19. 

CaleniMch.    Tali.  24. 

Caricnan.    Tab.  26. 

Carllnpi  =  Carlovtnirlans  =  Karllngs.    Tables  6,  (k 

Carllst  claimants  in  S|ialn.    Tab.  12. 

CossanUer,  Mace<lonian.    Tab.  3. 

Castile.    Tables  •%  II. 

*Champa^e.  This  hou.se  was  descended  fWim  lIcrlM'rt  II. 
of  VermandoLs.  Tab.  a,  note,  and  f)«ni  hf*  ■■  — '^'''  I. 
of  llkils.  who  marrit^ft  Bertha  of  Biirv'uii  '  'i- 

dy.  II..  aMive).    The  fimiiy  had  lni|»in  .  us 

with  France.  Knffhuid.  Nortnandv.  Brittany,  etc.  Fnim 
Thibault  IV,  brother  of  KIne  Stephen.  Tab.  21.  Blots  and 
Chartres  went  to  his  son  TbIlanltV.:  but  Cl>am|iai.-ne 
went  to  his  son  Henry,  a  crus.vder.  flither  l»i>ih  of  Henry 
the  Klnc  of.Ierusakm  and  of  TbIUult  111  <! 

Blanche  of  Xnvarr»-.  Tab.  II.    Thus  th.  '  s 

-   vii   one   of  Navarre,  which   sells   i  ...»...(..m...>    to 

...    Tab.  ». 

lab.  Id  as  recent  title :    anclrntly  helonited  to 
: -unie  and  lUois. 
Otience.    Tab.  «.    WlWam  IV.  T«> 
enee.  first  since  the  unhappy  Plat ' 
CLiiidUn  C«.»ars.    Tab.  %  In  Chart,  C.i,i   I ,  p  .'•. 
Cleburtr.     Tab.  2A. 
OTro.int.    Tall   l.t. 

•ComnenI.    A  Byzantine  dynaaly,  10o7-l(C«  and  10<l-lisa, 
Comyn.     Tab  29. 
C"n.le.     Tables  l.\  l<. 
Constantine's  hmlly.    TaK  S. 
(  on>tantlnople.    Sm  Bynntine.  and  Latin  F.mpen>rt. 
Cnntl.    Tab.  I«. 

«all.    Tab»e««.  21. 

..nay.     .<we  Gibboa't  -  DrcAne  and   Fall.'  ch.  Ul.     In 


111 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGICAL  TABLES. 


Edessa,  connected  with  kings  of  Jerusalem ;  another 
brancli  ^ves  rise  to  tlie  Englisli  Earls  of  Devon  ('2*2),  and 
to  the  heiress  who  marries  Peter  of  France  (ly)  and  is 
ancestress  of  the  Latin  Emperors  of  Constantinople  (13, 
82, 14,  IT). 

Cumberland.    Tab.  28. 

Cyprus.  Titular  kings  in  Tab.  26.  Charlotte  the  heiress,  de- 
throned 1464,  was  the  last  legitimate  of  the  line  of  the 
house  of  Lusignan,  which  began  with  Guy,  1191.  He  was 
childless  ;  Cyprus  passed  to  his  bro.  Almeric,  whence  all 
the  line  thereafter.  Ann,  Tab.  26,  was  own  aunt  of  Char- 
lotte. Catherine  Cornaro,  the  last  real  Queen  of  Cyprus, 
was  wile  of  Charlotte's  illegitimate  halj'-brother,  James  II. 


Danish  Kings  of  England.    Tab.  20. 
Daruley.    Tab.  28. 

Dauphiny.     Tab.  13.      Krom  this  district  came  the    title 

"  Dauphin." 
Denmark.  The  first  line  of  kings  runs  from  Gorm  the  Old 
(20)  to  Christopher,  A  144S,  g.-g.-nephow  of  Marg.iret  the 
Great,  who  was  a  Dane  and  Queen  of  Norway  and  Sweden 
by  marriage  {see  Norway).  The  new  line  began  with  Chris- 
tian I.,  of  Oldenburg.  A  14S1.  Kings  after  him  followed 
thus:  his  son  John,  A  1513;  his  son  Christian  II.,  deposed 
1523;  F.rederiek  I.  (A  153-3),  Duke  of  Holstein,  Tab.  27, 
son  of  Christian  I.  The  crown  went  then  from  father  to 
son  ten  times  ;  Christian  III.,  A  1558  ;  Frederick  II.,  A 
158S;  Christian  IV.,  A  164S  [he  took  share  in  the  Thirty 
Years'  War,  and  his  sister  Anne  (2S)  married  King  James ; 
hence  Frederick  the  Winterking  (23,  25)  was  his  nephew 
by  marriage];  Frederick  III.,  A  1670;  Christian  V.,  A 
1 699  (his  bro.  George  married  Queen  Anne,  Tab.  23) ; 
Frederick  IV.,  A  1730  ;  Christian  VI.,  A  1746  ;  Frederick 
v.,  A  1766;  Christian  VII.,  A  ISOS  ;  Frederick  VI.,  A 
1839.  who  lost  Norway  and  sold  Pomerania.  Christian 
VIII.  followed,  son  of  Prince  Frederick,  who  was  son  of 
Frederick  v.;  hediedlS4S:  his  son  Frederick  VII.,  A 
1863,  lost  Schlcswig-IIolstem.  The  crown  then  went  to 
Christian  IX.,  present  king,  sevenlh  cousin  of  Frederick 
VII.,  the  common  ancestor  being  Christian  III. 

Christian  George,  son  of  Christian  IX.,  is  King  of 
Greece  since  186.3,  his  wife  being  Olga  of  Kussia,  niece  of 
the  Czar.  Marriages  of  the  royal  house  of  Denmark  are 
always  with  England  and  N.  Europe,  never  with  Austria, 
France,  etc.,  except  Christian  II.,  Tab,  9. 

Deu.x-Ponts  =  Zweibriicken.    Tables  2.%  27,  30. 

Dietz.    T.ab.  28. 

Dillemberg.    Tab.  28. 

Domitii.  Tab.  2,  in  Chart,  Cent.  I.,  p.  20.  Emp.  Domitian 
was  a  Flavian. 

DougliJS.  Tab.  23.  This  was  Archibald,  surth  Earl  of  Angus, 
g.-son  of  Archibald  "  Bell-the-cat."  Gawin  Douglas,  the 
eariy  English  transl.itor  of  the  ..Encid,  A  1822,  was  third 
son  of  Archibald  "  BcU-thc-cat,"  and  brother  of  George, 
the  sixth  earl's  father. 

Dreux.    Tables  13,  18. 

Durazzo.    Tab.  17. 


E 

Egj-pt.  Ptolemy  Lagi,  Tab.  .5,  is  ancestor  of  all  the  Mace- 
donian line,  which  ends  with  Cleopatra,  in  the  eighth 
generation  after  him.  All  the  kings  are  named  Ptolemy, 
with  some  other  title. 

Elboeuf.    Tab.  19. 

Enghien.    Tab.  18,  Cond6. 


England.  Tables  20,  21,  22,  23  especially;  also,  7,  S,  24,  25, 
23,  29,  82. 

Este.  Albert  Azo,  Tables  7,  8.  From  Lis  son  Fulco  was  de- 
scended Borso,  first  Duke  of  Ferrara  and  Modena ;  the 
line  ended  in  1803,  having  had  thirteen  dukes  in  nine 
generations.  James  II.'s  wife  (2;J)  was  daughter  of 
Alfonso  IV.  In  1803  Modena  went  to  Ferdinand  of 
'  Austria,  brother  of  Joseph  11.  (10),  who  had  married  the 
heiress.    His  g.-sou  was  deposed  in  ISGO. 

Etruria,  Louis,  King  of.    Tab.  12. 

Eu,  a  branch  of  Ai-tois.    Tab.  13. 

Evreux.  The  first  house  of  Evreux  is  a  br.aneh  of  the  house 
of  Normandy ;  see  Montfort.  Asa  branch  of  the  royal 
house  of  France,  Louis,  first  Count  of  Evreux  (14),  was 
father  of  Philip,  through  whom  the  line  of  Evreux  be- 
came that  of  Navarre  (14). 


Farnese.    See  Parma. 

Fitzclarence.    Tab.  23. 

Flanders.    Tables  5,  20,  especially  32. 

Flavians.  The  three  emperors,  Vespasian  and.hi5  sons  Titus 
and  Domitian. 

Foix.  vVn  ancient  family  of  Southwest  France  which,  by 
marriage  of  its  heiress,  was  united  with  that  of  Grailly  ; 
but  the  name  of  Foix  Avas  adojtted  by  the  other  house. 
The  leading  branch  becomes  the  royal  house  of  Navarre 
by  marriage  of  Gaston  IV.  with  Q.  Eleanor  (14).  Gas- 
ton's brother,  Peter  of  Lautrec,  was  grandfather  of  Odet 
do  Foix,  A  1528.  Slarshal  Lautrec  of  France ;  of  Thomas 
de  LescUD.  marshal,  t  lc25  ;  and  of  their  sister  Frances, 
A  1537,  Countess  Chateaubriant,  reputed  mistress  of 
Francis  I.  John,  second  son  of  Q.  Eleanor,  was  father 
of  Gaston  de  Foi-x,  Duke  of  Nemours.  +  1512,  and  of  Ger- 
mana,A  1538,  second  wifeof  Ferdinand  II. of  Aragon  (11). 

France.  Karling.  Tables  5,  6 ;  Capetian,  6,  7,  13  ;  Valois, 
14  ;  Bourbon  and  Orleans,  1 6 ;  in  Spain  by  marriage,  etc., 
11,12;  and  in  Spanish  Succession,  31 ;  in  England,  21, 
22,  28  ;  in  Flanders,  32 ;  in  Savoy,  26. 

Franche-Comt6.    Tab.  5,  32.    See  Burgundy. 

Franconia,  dukes  and  kings,  emperors.    Tables  6,  7,  B. 

FriuU.    Tab.  5. 

G 

Germany.  Tables  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10,  31.  Various  countries  see 
under  their  own  names. 

Gloucester.    Tab.  22. 

Godwin's  Family.    Tab.  20. 

*Gonzaga.  Mantua  fell  into  the  power  of  this  family,  1328  ; 
Sigismund  m.ide  John  Francis  a  marquis,  1483 ;  Fred- 
erick was  made  duke  by  Charles  V.,  1530  ;  line  ended, 
1708  ;  Austria  took  Mantua.    See  Ncvers. 

Gracchi.    Tab.  1,  in  Chart,  Cent.  II.  n.  c,  p.  24. 

Greece,  Kings  of,  modern.    Tab.  25,  and  Denmark. 

Grey.    Tab.  23. 

Guelfs  or  Welfs.    Tables  7,  8,  23.    See  Alsace,  Brunswick. 

Guise.    Tab.  19. 

II 

Hain.ault  =  Hennegan.    Tab.  32. 

Hanover.    Tab.  'iJ.    See  Brunswick. 

Hapsburg.    See  Austria. 

Harcourt.    Tab.'lO.     Beside  the  Lorraine  branch,  there  was 

a  jtinior  branch  noted  for  Marshal  Ilareourt,  1703-1713, 

and  his  sons. 


112 


INKEX  TO  GKN'EALOUICAL    lAULES. 


ltl^.M•^Uoo.    Tab.  i<>. 

Ill      i,-<.    TiiliK'4  i'J,  W. 

II  ■-  Tab.  HT.  Uck-liu  with  Henry  I.,  liinJi;raTe,  l<!4;- 
ISUO,  of  whom  «^t;  Urabaot.  i\*atnl  jioAltloit  mado  llr.i«« 
(put  of  oU  Thurln^la)  Uiiportant.  l>f  Mvcral  tmocbfs 
lIi'Mo-(-'au«l  anU  IK'U«-l^trui«ta<lt  have  bv«a  clllot  Set 
KIccton  tn  **  laUex  to  Cbarta,"  p.  ^. 

IIoht'n!itaufviw.  Tab.  S,  NaiucU  fruui  a  caAtlo  near  Gup- 
pIi);:oa,  oaat  of  StutttpuL 

lloh.iuolkrn.    Tab.  H. 

lloUaiKl.  It<.'cuiiu  a  county  under  Dk'Irlcb  U  A  IWI.  IILi 
g.-g.-soD  Flort'nt,  or  (*lor\'m*<  111.,  a  cruaadiT,  uiarriiil 
Ada  of  Scotland ;  «•  tho  rvst  of  Ibu  lino  In  Tabk'9  r.l  and 
9i.  Later  Holland  ui  In  Tab.  •ii  ;  ut,  too,  Onugt:  and 
Nassau,  and  Tab.  T. 

Ilobicln.    Tabk-aJT.SS. 

Ilowartl.  Tab.  2^.  S^e  Mowbray.  Que<'n  .Anne  Bolevn'.'* 
luother  was  HtiiatK-th  Ilow.inl.  datiKbtcr  of  Tlioma.-*,  mv- 
ond  ViA.«  of  Xorfollc.  QULvn  Catherine  llowanl  wua 
flr9t-<oasln  of  Anno  Bolcyn,  her  father  Lord  Kdumnd 
b«ln^  9tfc:>nd  son  of  tho  satue  second  duke.  Into  tho 
llowanl  (hnilly  mmo  the  honors  of  tho  MovTbrays  and 
of  the  Kltzalans,  Earls  of  Arundel. 

Hun^rj-.  :*t.  Stephen,  Tab.  T.  had  no  heirs;  the  crown  1 
paH.4cd  to  others  of  tho  some  fauiUy,  called  the  house  of  ' 
An*ad  (llorikul);  then  to  tho  house  of  .\nJou,  Tab.  17,  ' 
which  ended  In  that  branch  with  "  Klni;  .M.lry,"  Tables  ' 
9  an.1  IT.  .\fter  Ellci'- "  s.  .i. .„„.,. i-.  .\ ...  .i,  ,.  ,,„| 
her  cousin  Latllslas  v..  !iirt. 

Cent  XV.);  then  the  1-.  .  i  and 

llun^rar}-,    Ac,  for  the  rest.  lk)hcQiia. 

UnntlnKdon.    Tab.  29.    Throujrh  his  mother.  Prince  Ilcnry  | 
had  feudal  poosesslan  of  Uontlogdonshlrv  In  Cnjjtand. 


I 

Isaurlans.  A  nyiantlnc  dynasty,  Leo  III.  and  IV..  Constan- 
tino V.  antt  VI.;  ao  tho  succession  In  Chart  of  Cent. 
VIll.  Irene  was  wifo  of  Leo  IV.,  mother  of  Constan- 
tino VI. 


Jerasalom.  First  kinir.  Oodfh-y  of  Boullljn;  Nf  Lorraine, 
II.  Next  Is  his  bro.  Baldwin:  all  others  an>  drfcenileil 
fp^ni  hM  Hitter  Ida,  or  have  title  by  mArTia4^>  with  her 
il.  <. .  n.lint*.    Tables  83,  II,  19,  and  Frederick  II.  In  9. 

.I.ilnilll.-.     TiU.t  l«,  19. 

Joyense.  The  ducal  lltfc  (Irst  appears  with  thr»>o  brothers : 
1,  Ann,  t  liST,  admiral,  livorite  of  Henry  III.;  %  Henry, 
Itencnl,  marshal.  hea<l  of  the  Catholic  Ix-ajfue,  ,^  ISOS ; 
8,  Francis,  A  IS15,  cardinal  and  dnke.  Henry's  daughter 
carries  the  tltk>  to  the  tiubies.     Tab.  19. 

Julian  Casors.  Tab.  S,  In  Chart,  Cent.  I.,  p,  28.  Julian, 
Tab.  S. 

Jnlien.    Tab.  34. 


K.ir!!':rv    Tabk-s  5  an<l  0. 


L 


Laa(Ucvllk>.    A  K- ■    '    '    ■       '  -■  ;,. 

ml  John  1>  -If. 

leans  Tab    11.  .  i„ 

i;ii;.     .Mi»t  noted  duke,  Henry,  A  ISti  ),. 

eMvs,  Mary  of  Uulse,  Tab.   IV,  and  .s  U; 

Tab.  IT. 
Lorraine.    Takea  lu  name  (Lnthrlmifn  In  Oem\ao)  fkvm 

^  lukea  of 

'  It,  from 

.^.  ...  .....     ■,,,....,.,  .■■,..:..i  .1.  .■-.■  nil..  I  pper  and 

Lower. 

I.  I'piier  Lorraine, the  Moollc  rrjlon.  la  iflrcn  to 
the  Counts  of  Uar:  Frederick  I.,  A  9>4  ;  hia  ton  IHctrtcb 
I,  A  I02C;  bis  son  Frederick  III.,  Tab.  '<.  It  laues, 
liii;-l(HS,  to  tho  dukea  of  Lower  Lorraine ;  then  to 
(jerarU  of  Alsace,  Tab.  5,  who  nuuries  a  Karllu-,  and 
I-  r  .:  :  :  .  r  •■  ■  Tab.  I9.  Hi-  ..r 
I'     ■'                                                 IwlfelOerli                             :•; 

'■••'•■J->-' •■  - ■■■—  t 

Lorraine,  while  Gert  I  ,t 

of  Flanders.     The  I.  ,. 

tory  Is  this  Vpper  Lorraine.    t.onneciion  with  Anjou, 
Tables  IT  and  19. 

II.  Loiver  Lorraine,  rei^lon  of  the  Maaa,  Waal,  and 
Scheldt.  This  Is  Anally  calk^l  Uraliant;  but  It  It  not 
properly  so  calleil  bi'forc  1  Ul».  Tl.  I  iierL'ir- 
nine  are  of  seven  families,  and  ..  .,.<t  (ftwl. 
fW-y.  Charles  the  Knrliu^  and  hL-.  -.m,  . .-,..._  ,  j(,.  5,  were 
tho  second  family.  Tho  llilnl  was  from  the  counts  of 
.\rdennes  and  Venlun :  Oo.lfrcy  111.,  IcHU-li'Sl;  hit 
bro.  Cozi'Io  I.,  IcttS-lOH;  Cfo<lfh'ys  IV.  and  V.,  ton  and 
C-son  of  Gob'lo  I.,  Tab.  S;  then  (alter  Conrad,  son  of 
Emp.  llenr}'  IV.)  comes  Godfrey  VI.,  the  renowni%l 
crusader  called  Oo<lfrey  of  Roultlon,  who  wan  son  of  Ida, 
sister  of  Godfrey  V.  In  \\«<\  the  Count  of  Louvaln,  fol- 
lowlnt;  llenrj-  of  Llmburp,  Is  made  duke  asGodfh'y  VII., 
A  lUH;  his  ton  Go.lfriy  Vlll  (who-e  tijler  Adelablo 
was  s*.ei3nd  wifo  of  llenrj-  I.  of  Vjipbndi.  A  1113;  bit 
son  Go.lfrey  IX.  Is  duke  IM.I-11'.'O.  Ills  fn  Henry  I., 
Tab.  82.  Is  Duke  of  Lower  Lorraine  and  Brabant;  aAer 
him  the  okler  title  is  dropjied.    Ste  BrabanL 

Loxemburt!  ILuelielburK).    A  noted  house  in  the  middle 

o(res;   ut   marriatres    Tables  T,  H.  18,   1«,  »2,     One 

branrli                         -il.  Tab.  9.     T  y. 
St.   I'a                           ,mey,  etc.,  t- 

Famoij-  ...                  ■.  I    ,:.    !■  I  , 

IX.  in  NTS.     I  .. 

Ills  sister.     Of  ■       r  ^,v- 
cmbourir,  tlmo  of  Louis  XI  \. 

M 

Macedon.    Tab.  3.    Macedonian  Empcrora,  »€t 
Maine.    Tables  I  <!  and  1 1. 

Ma}.'r--      T-'     "       •■•   ■   •>-     > <•••    ■  ! 


titular  kinir.  Tab.  It,  as  Jamc*  111. 

MantTin.     *^^.-  rMnmrn 
Mar 


f  Iji.l- 
ws«  an 


I 


Ijineiwier.    Tabk's  21  and  24. 

Latin  (jnpemrs.    Kole  at  Constanlloopki,  110|.|2ei.     Ta-  '  i: 

Mcs  ID  ami  32.  I 

I..n..t     Tab  23.  to  Ibe  Clown. 

U.™.     Tab.  11.  I  M,rtl.    Tab.  ». 


U 


11.3 


INDEX   TO   GENE.VLOGIOAL   TABLES. 


Maurienne.    Tab.  26. 

Mayenne.    Tab.  19. 

Mecklenburg-.  The  wife  of  Georg^e  III.  {'23),  and  her  niece 
Louisa  ('24),  mother  of  Emp.  William  I,  of  Prussia,  were 
of  this  house,  an  ancient  Slavonian  line  of  dukes.  The 
main  line,  Meeklenburf,'-l5chwerin,  is  now  under  its  twen- 
ty-fourth duke ;  the  lino  of  Mecklenburg-Strelitz,  sepa- 
rated about  1700,  is  tmder  its  seventh.  Protestant  fam- 
ily ;  deprived  in  the  Thirty  Tears'  War,  but  restored  by 
Gustavus  Adolphus  ('27).  Marriages  with  northern 
houses  only. 

Medici,  Florence,  and  thus  Tuscany,  fell  into  the  power  of 
Cosmo  du'  Medici  in  1443.  From  him  came  the  elder 
branch:  his  g.-son  Lorenzo,  the  Magnificent,  A  1492; 
Lorenzo's  sons  [Pope  Leo  X.,  Julian,  Duke  of  Nemours 
(1-  v.)],  and  their  cousin,  Pope  Clement  VII.;  and  the 
famous  Catherine  (14),  g.-g. -daughter  of  Lorenzo.  Alex- 
ander, Tab.  1'2,  was  half-brother  of  Catherine.  The 
younger  branch  was  derived  from  Lorenzo,  brother  of 
Cosmo,  founder  of  the  elder.  Hence  came  Lorenzo's 
g.-g.-g.-son,  Cosmo  I.,  the  first  grand-duke,  in  15G9,  and 
his  g.-daughter  Mary  (16),  wile  of  Henry  IV.  The  line 
ended  in  IT37.  Tuscany  fell  to  Emp.  Francis  I.  (lU)  and 
bis  descendants. 

Mercoeur.    Tab.  18. 

*Meroving5,  Merovingians.  Line  of  descendants  of  Clovis. 
IXagobert  I.  was  his  g.-g.-g.-son  (Chart,  p.  32). 

Mexico.  Maximilian,  usurper,  Tab.  31.  Itnrlii<le,  "  Emper- 
or," was  a  usurping  Mexican,  1S22,  1S23, 1 15>'24. 

Milan.    See  Visconti. 

Modena.    Siie  Este. 

Monmouth.     Tab.  23. 

Montasue.     Tab.  22. 

♦Montferrat.  Noted  house  in  the  middle  ages.  Conrad  of 
Montferrat  (called  by  Scott,  in  "The  Talisman,"  Mont- 
serrat)  was  King  of  Jerusalem,  1192.  Mary,  mother  of 
Eoip.  Frederick  II.'s  mfe  Tolnnda  (S).  was  daughter  of 
Conrad.  Mary  de  Bren  (32  I.)  was  half-sister  of  Yolan- 
da,  but  not  daughter  of  Mary.  Line  dated  from  the  tirao 
of  Charlemagne  and  had  many  marriages  with  royal  and 
great  houses  ;  ended  1530.  Frederick  II.  of  Mantua  had 
married  the  final  heiress.  The  maie  line  was  broken  pre- 
viously but  once,  when  Theodore,  son  of  E.  Emperor 
Andronicus  II.,  in  1306,  became  Marquis  of  Montferrat, 
fis  son  of  the  heiress  Violante  or  Irene. 

Montfort.  Tables  IS,  21,  32.  The  line  of  Montfort  TAmaury 
came  from  Amaury,  a  lord  in  Hainault  about  952.  Simon 
11.,  A  1103,  married  Agnes  of  Evreux,  g.-g.-daughter  of 
Richard  L,  Normandy  (21).  His  son  (or  nephew)  Simon 
III.,  A  llSl,  married  A micia,  daughter  of  Eobert,  third 
Earl  of  Leicester,  England ;  their  son  Simon  IV.,  the 
Persecutor,  +  12IS,  was  made  Earl  of  Leicester,  120G. 
His  elder  son  Amaury  took  the  French  possessions, 
which  went  by  his  g. -daughter  Be.itrix  to  Dreux  (IS); 
the  younger  son,  Simon  (21),  became  the  famous  Earl  of 
Leicester,  founder  of  the  House  of  Commons;  he  had  no 
grandsons. 

*Montmorenci.  An  ancient,  wealthy,  and  powerful  French 
house,  divided  into  several  branches  after  14T7,  as 
Nivelle  ^the  famous  Count  Horn,  t  1563,  was  of  this 
line),  Fosseux,  Wastines,  and  Bouttevillo,  in  the  Nether- 
lands;  the  ducal  line,  and  Laval,  in  France.  Noted  are 
INIatthew  I..  A  1160  ;  Matthew  II..  the  great  Constable, 
A  1230,  general  at  Bouvines,  '^  allied  by  birth  and  mar- 
riage to  all  sovereigns  of  Europe;"  Ann,  A  1567,  consta- 
ble under  four  kings,  duke,  and  peer;  Admiral  Damville, 
A  1614;  Henry,  last  duke,  executed  by  Kichelieu,  1632. 
beius  then  marshal  and  Governor  of  Laugucdoc.     His 


Bister  Charlotte,  A  1650,  was  mfe  of  Henry  II.  of  Cond6 
(IS).  No  other  family  shows  such  an  ac(?umulation  of 
dignities,  employmeDts,  and  merit;  there  were  six  con- 
stables (Matthew  the  Great  made  this  office  equivalent  to 
commander-in-chief),  twelve  marshals,  four  admirals, 
and  a  great  number  of  minor  officers;  and,  at  last,  four 
duchy-peerages,  viz.,  Luxembourg,  Montmorency,  Cha- 
tillon,  and  Laval. 

Montpensier.    Tables  15,  16  (two  houses).    See  BerrL 

Moravia.    Tab.  9. 

Mortimer.    Tab.  22.    See  March. 

Mowbray.  Tab.  21.  First  family  name  of  Earls  of  Norfolk  ; 
ended  in  the  Howard  family  by  an  heiress.  [The  first 
Earl  of  Norfolk  was  Thomas  de  Brotherton  (21),  son  of 
Edward  I.] 

N 

Naples.    Tables  11,  12, 13, 14,  especially  17.    See  Sicily. 

Napoleon.    Tab.  81.    See  Bonaparte. 

Nasica.    See  Scipio,  Tab.  1,  p.  24. 

Nassau.  House  begins  with  Otto,  Tab.  7  ;  seventh  descend- 
ant from  him  was  Henry  the  Kich.  A  1254,  whose  sons 
Walram  IV.  and  Otto,  or  Otho,  found  the  lines  called 
Nassau-Walram  and  Nassau-Otto;  the  former  line  re- 
mained in  Germany;  the  latter  gained  the  Netherlands, 
and  became  the  house  of  Orange-Nassau.  Emperor 
Adolf  (cf.  9  and  '25)  was  son  of  Walram  IV.  John  III., 
Tab.  2S,  was  sixth  descendant  from  Otto,  founder  of  tho 
other  line. 

Navarro.    Tables  11, 14, 15. 

Nemours.  The  title  "Duke  of  Nemours"  is  often  a  puzzle, 
because  it  was  held  by  several  families.  Beginning  1404, 
it  was  beld  by  Charles  the  Noble,  of  Navarre  (14),  till 
1425  ;  given  by  Louis  XI.  to  James  of  .\rmagnac,  whom 
he  executed  1477  ;  given  to  James's  son  Louis,  A  1503  ; 
then  to  Gaston  de  FoLx  (see  Foix) ;  then,  in  1515,  to 
Juliano  de'  Medici,  A  1516,  husband  of  Philiberta  of 
Savoy,  aunt  of  King  Francis  I.  (26);  then  to  Philip  of 
Savoy  (26),  Philiberta's  brother;  Henry  of  Nemours  (19), 
A  1G32,  was  g.-son  of  this  Philip,  once  chief  of  the  League 
in  France,  and  g.-fathcr  of  Mary,  wife  of  Charles  Eman- 
uel 11.  (26).  About  1666  the  title  was  given  to  Philip  of 
Orleans,  brother  of  Louis  XIV.,  and  remains  in  that  fam- 
ily. Tab.  16. 

Neuburg.     Tables  25,  30,  31. 

Nevers.  Tab.  32  11.  Passes  in  1491  from  Philip,  son  of 
Philip  the  Bold,  by  a  g.-d.  heiress  to  the  house  of  Cleves; 
thence,  1563,  to  the  dukes  of  Mantua,  forming  the  lino 
called  Gonzaga-Nevers  ;  thence,  by  sale,  the  lands  and 
title  passed.  1641,  to  Philip  Julius  Mancini,  nephew  of 
Cardinal  Mazarin.  It  illustrates  tho  changes  of  posses- 
sion and  title  in  the  middle  ages  that  in  less  than  a  cen- 
tury. 11SI-12T2,  Nevers  went  by  five  successive  heiresses 
to  the  houses  of  Courtenay,  Donzj',  Bon rbon- Arch am- 
bault.  Burgundy,  royal  France  (Tristan,  son  of  Louis  IX.), 
and  Flanders. 

Nevil.  Tab.  22.  Ancestry  traced  to  Ethelrcd  II.  (20),  and  so 
to  Egbert  and  Cerdic. 

Norfolk.    Tab.  21.    See  Mowbray  and  Howard. 

Normandy.    Tables  5,  8,  20,  32  ;  especially  21. 

Norway.  "  M.aid  of  Norway,"  Tab.  29.  First  known  King  of 
Norway  was  Harold  Harfa^r,  863-934  (?).  though  tradition 
runs  to  Olaf  Tretelgja,  600  (?).  Harold  Hardrarla.  killed 
at  Stamford  Bridge.  1066,  was  ancestor  of  all  later  kings 
to  Magnus  Smek.  heir  of  Sweden  and  Nonvay,  1819-1361, 
A  1374.  (Hismotherlngeburga,  first-cousin  of  the  "Maid 
of  Norway  "  and  heiress  upon  her  death,  married  Erik  of 


114 


INDEX  TO  GENEALOGICAL  TABLES. 


Bwo<leii.brolhcrof  Klnc  Dloti'r  II.)  Miifnai'j  »on  Hseo 
VI.  liuuTlwl  XlMvartt  the  t;r\»t  ot  IVuiuirL.  »  Lo  miltcU 
tiu!  ttirw  crown*.    .Stt  Dcomark. 


OmiKe.  TiibWt  2^  S8,  t>ran|!e  was  a  |irin.i|amy  n.ar 
AvlKHon  In  Franw  («<  p.  T8).  Tho  l>rlin-o  of  Oraiih-o 
■    •    '  1  of  i'hulni  V.  In   Ilaly  wm  I'hilibvrt  of 

>>,  brother  of  Claudia  tho  hclRU  (2si). 

l>rlt.  ,  .     .  :i,  lii- 

r 

•I'ala'olov'l.    A  J>tu»t)   of  Uymnlino  rmperor*  bodiinliis 

with  Mb-hvl  VIII  .  litl>-rj'i.    All  after  hlin  wi'to  hia 

'        '   .  .Licub*nu.'i,lSll- 

\IUai<-.l  May 

.,-  iu>    I  ui  ik^  111  iLii  1111.41  ...^aault  Ulkou  Cua- 

Pabl      .  i  it.'.     TabWd  •.'.%.  *(,  9. 

ramia,    .Mado  a  ilurhy  In  IMA  A>r  Pi-ter  Aloyslus,  son  of 
ri>|X'  Paul  III.,  FamfM;  hcM  by  that  £unlly  till  carrltil 
to  I'hiliii  v.,  :il|uln,  by  EUiabetb,  belrv'sa,  ITai.    Tab.  Vi 
shows  later  dukes. 
Penlhlovre.    Table«  ItS,  H. 

IVr>-y.    Tab.  M.    An  Enslbh  fcinlly  of  Norman  orisin,  bo- 

-  ' --'     'V  -'       ■   Hand.    Hotspur's  Hither  wns  i 

secontl.    The  tnalo  line  and 

in»e  was  irrantcd,  I'tjfi,  to  Sir 

n,  who  marrietl  tUlzabclh  Seymottr,  g.-d. 

i'.  rcy,  the  helresa  of  ItJTU. 

I'kuitaBrnet.     Tables  21.  H. 

Poland.    The  hou.««  of  1  vas  (Inl  duke,  A  S«l) 

raknl  as  dukes  till  I'r  le  kini;.  l'i:>.V    Bolos- 

las  hji'l  '  1.      1.  iii'l  to  maintain,  that  title. 

The  U  nir  III.  the  l!r<>at  (I'hart,  fintury 

XIV. K  .  .-  ..  -  !ini  to  Louis,  Tab.  17,  s*>n  of  his  sis- 
ter KItzaU'th  and  CharoN-rt  of  Ilunpir}-'.Vnjoil.  Her 
(T.-d.  lle*lwli:e  (l*i  niarrl-^I  ilairellon.  Duke  of  Uthuania, 
bat  their  childn'n  did  not  sorrlTe  to  rel^fTi.  Cosimlr  IV. 
was  s«>n  of  Jiurellon;  hia  ic.-son  Slgtsmond  II..  A  IA'2, 
vix*  tb-*  last  male  of  that  house :  :^l;;lsmund'9  sister 
(I'h.rine  awl  her  deserndants  t^f  In  Tab.  2T.  Alter 
I'W.^  the  cniwn  was  electlro.    .Srt-  T  '  ■  -^   • 

Pofc-,  d.'  la.     Tab.  «. 

INirtu.-il      llonry  of  nur,ii:i'v  TaK 
•o  VI.,  TaJ. 
-        -iicil.     The  I..-  , 

Liiiiii  Klr.i-.  In  1  !».<,  il.iiin  U  lab.  Si,  natural  son  of  Ker- 
dinifi.r*  fifli.T  r.iln^  tlvn  S^Tefo.  w^«  m^!»«  kin-.  I"»n 
I  r,. 

d 
1'  ■     .liilm 

I  vho  was 

I  ■...:  .ho 


•  n  Virions.     .Vr  lleivium.     .Maria  had  a 

•  b>n  with  h«r  bther's   brother,  MI«u<I,  I 


Komaooir.    Tab.  S3. 
Koa,  de.    Tab.  811. 
Uothsay.    Tab.  «». 
Iturik.    TaU  iU. 
Buiala.    Tab.  »>. 


8 


Sallsbur)-.    Tub.  *J. 

Savoy.    TabUs  .\  26  esp.>elally,  »i. 

iNuou,  Saxuny.    Saxon  kind's  of  Knt;land,  Tab.  SO. 

I.  Lewis  the  Saxon,  Tab.  4.  t^axon  emperors ;  Henry 
UOttoa  I.,  II.,  III.,  and  Henry  II.,  Tab.  0.  Tbelrduk<.<- 
dotu  of  Saxony  i^h's  ti>  lleniiann  ItlUun;,',  A  VT:!,  wh'jso 
Uno  ends  with  .Magnus,  A  Mix's  tbo  bther  of  Wuirhlkla, 
Tab.  s*.  .Vnother  lart  of  Saxony  il^wer  Saxonv)  had 
jtasiS^id  lo  a  Junior  son  of  Henry  the  Kowler.  thus  to 
Klchenia  ilMoh.ui  and  I  .n.  i'  r  i.  -. ;  to  Hmry  Iho 
l*roud  and  Henry  the  I  :  Uavarla.  In  tlu) 
breaking  up  of  his  do:i<  h'o<-s  to  tho  next 
houso. 

II.  Albert  the  Bear,  UarquU  and  Kk-ctor  of  Itrvn- 
denbur];,  1H2,  an  .Vscanlan  <ii,  v.),  was  hea*!  of  the  next 
house'.  Ills  mother  Kllrka  was  younirer  sister  of  Wulf 
hlklu  (if&<»r^);  and  he  had  Saxony  a  fi  '  ''  1142; 
ho  held  aLsu  AnhalL     Ills  son  otto   '  r  of 

Bnuidenbur>,'.  which  see.     Albert's  («-; i  11*^ 

received  Saxony,  and  was  first  ek'ctor  |A  12l:i>.  Ber* 
nard's  son  Heur}'  I A  1262)  recclvdl  Anlialt ;  his  other 
son  AlU'rl  lA  12<*A»)  rvcelvc«l  Saxony  and  the  eleetursbl|i, 
Thb  share  was  aj^ln  divided ;  tho  younger  son  John  rv. 
cvlved  Saxe-Lauenburf^,  which  lino  ended  In  Hi-V,  and 
Louenbur);  went  to  llrunswlck-Zell:  the  ekler  s<jn.  .\ll'crt 
of  VrittenU'tK (A  12"'.').  Iiad  the  nst  '■<  -  1  ■-■«- 

tinned  the  line  of  electoral  dukes,   '  ^«lth 

Albert  III.,  A  U22,  (r.-ir.-.«on  of  AlUrt  "i  .•  m.  m-  n:. 

III.  The  electorate  and  duchy  was  then  tran*ferrv«I 
tolhehoHS«of  \V,ii!ii  ,v>..  .i.i.n.  ,l  i..  t,i. .  .Ti.-..«try 
tliroufrh  tbo  Mar.'  ~  ixon 
chief  of  sw.  Th.  ■  'and 
the  note  there.  From  ,lohn  Kredenck,  hme.«t's  ir.-son, 
the  eleetni-iti'  ^rnt  to  Maurice,  vin  nf  Ilrrrv  ••-n  of  Al- 
bert '  •  her.  The  tv  \  'hrr- 
tin'  -li  of  Wettlii  '  Ta- 
il*. L'.''. 

Tab.  1,  In  Chart.  Ccntnrr  I.  «  c  p,  24. 

Tablos  7,  43,  29. 
1.  firacchL    .Sf«  Sdploa,  p.  21, 
r     Tab  2». 
Sfona.    Sft  Vlscontl. 

Sicily.    P.oirrr  I.,  fount  of  SlcOy,  A  I'.rn.  rr.-.'^rr  nf  Hobert 
OulscanI,  A  l'**J.  was  one  of  •  'v  of 

sons  of  TancTvil  of  llantcTllle  ;  :  w*» 


Pn^ 
Pro,--  1. 
I*tolenir. 


•  1      •  .*.  i^ 
."v*  Ek-ypt. 


Rokhstailt. 
Kkbcmool. 


Tab,  31 
Tab.  IS. 


son 

•on 

of  ( 

,  of 

Ki.  • 

-    of 

P.I' 

IIU 

In  :i    ..                           ... 

<nJ 

hcT  hnsban'l,  Henry   VI.,  Tab,  •!.      i 

>nt». 

Tab    1. -Terr^  ri'-r.  •'■;   P  ?.-r  -/    \~ 

«ot 

»\rr. 

TV. 

ml. 

•  11 

an<l  IT,  '? in-  r  <     \:.-  «  \  .  t:.l  !!i 

■  r..  -  kli..- 

.>mof 

lUly.  arr  In  Tab.  12. 

'  Pn. 
Tab. 

tS,  waa  <U<i(hlcr  of  hM  mo  Jan—  Lc" 


11.: 


INDEX  TO  GENEALOGICAL  TABLES. 


Soissons.    A  French  house  with  branch  in  Savoy,  Tab.  2G. 
Somerset.    Tables  22  and  23.    The  Dukes  of  Somerset  in 

Tab.  23  are  Seymours,  and  are  numbered  anew,  so  that 

two  persons  are  caUed  third  duke. 
Spain.    Tables  9, 10,  11,12;  Spanish  succession,  31.    Spanish 

marriages  appear  in  Tables  of  Austria,  France,  England, 

and  Savoy. 
Spoleto.    Tab.  5. 
Stafford.    Tab.  22. 
Stuart.    Tables  29,  23. 
Styria.     Tables  9, 10. 
Suffolk.    Tables  22,  2.3. 
Sulzbach.    Tab.  25. 
Swabia.    Tables  7,  S,  9. 
Sweden.    Tables  27  especially,  and  24. 


Sec  Norway. 


Tiiranto.    Tables  17,  29. 

Thess,alonica.    Tab.  IT.    Wife  of  Cassander,  Tab.  3. 

ThuriDgia.  Tab.  8.  Thuringia  passed  by  Judith,  a  sister  of 
Lewis  IV.,  the  Saintly,  to  the  Margraves  of  Misnia,  and 
thus  to  the  house  of  Wettin.    Sec  Sa.\ony,  HI. 

Toulouse.    Tables  13,  IC. 

Tudors.    Tables  22,  23. 

Turenne.    Tab.  29. 

Tuscany.    Tables  S,  10.    See  Medici. 

Tyrol.    Tab.  10. 


U 


Ulster.    Tables  21,  22. 


Valois.    Tab.  14. 
Vaudemont.    Tab.  19. 


Veudome.    Tables  16,  16. 

Vermandois.    Tables  5,  6 ;  13,  32. 

Viana.    Tab.  14. 

Yisconti.  A  family  which  ruled  Milan  and  thus  Lombardy 
from  1311.  The  first  duke  was  John  Galeazzo,  1370-1402, 
who  married  Isabel  (14),  and  whose  sister  married  Lionel 
,  (22).  With  his  sons,  .John  Mary,  A  1412,  and  Philip  Marj', 
A  1447,  the  line  ended.  Francis  Sforza,  a  general  whose 
wife  was  natural  daughter  of  Philip  Mary,,  succeeded 
him ;  A  14G6.  His  two  sons  and  three  g.-sons  were 
Dukes  of  Milan,  the  last  dying  1.530,  when  Charles  V. 
gave  Milan  to  his  son  Philip  II.  of  Spain. 

W 

Warwick.    Tab.  22. 

Weldentz.    Tab.  S.'i. 

Welfs.  .Tables  7,  8.  Sec  Alsace,  Bavaria,  Brunswick,  Sa.\- 
ony. 

Wettin.    See  Saxony,  Babenbergs. 

♦Wfirtemberg.  This  house  traces  back  to  a  Count  Ebcrhard 
who  is  s.lid  to  have  married  a  daughter  of  Charlein.agne. 
Ulric  and  Eberhard  are  favorite  names  in  the  family. 
Eberhard  III.  defeated  the  Swabian  League  at  Dofhngen 
(Chart,  Cent.  XIV.).  Ebcrhard  VI.  became  Duke  Eber- 
hard I.  in  1495.  The  sixteenth  duke  became  King  Fred- 
erick I.  in  1S05,  followed  IslC  by  WilUam  I.  (A  1SC4), 
whose  son  Charles  I.  now  reigns. 


York.    Tab. 


Zaehi'ingers.   See  Baden. 


THE     END. 


116 


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